中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (35): 5602-5606.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1005

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

三维外固定支架应用于老年骨质疏松骨折的早期生物力学稳定性

刘 瑶1,黄 跃1,刘 勇2,罗玉茹3,罗 婧3,鞠 梅3   

  1. 1西南医科大学口腔医学院,四川省泸州市 646000;3西南医科大学附属中医医院骨伤科,四川省泸州市 646000;3西南医科大学护理学院,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 出版日期:2018-12-18 发布日期:2018-12-18
  • 通讯作者: 鞠梅,教授,西南医科大学护理学院,四川省泸州市 646000
  • 作者简介:刘瑶,1990年生,西南医科大学附属口腔医院护理部干事,在读硕士,护师,主要从事老年骨科护理、口腔护理研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金青年项目(81300903);国家社会科学基金项目(16XSH017);四川省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201710632096)

Biomechanical stability of three-dimensional external fixator applied in early-stage senile osteoporotic fracture  

Liu Yao1, Huang Yue1, Liu Yong2, Luo Yuru3, Luo Jing3, Ju Mei3   

  1. Liu Yao1, Huang Yue1, Liu Yong2, Luo Yuru3, Luo Jing3, Ju Mei3
  • Online:2018-12-18 Published:2018-12-18
  • Contact: Ju Mei, Professor, School of Nursing, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Liu Yao, Master candidate, Nurse, School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation for the Youth, No. 81300903; the National Social Science Foundation, No. 16XSH017; the College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Sichuan Province, No. 201710632096

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
文题释义:
骨质疏松骨折:低能量或非暴力骨折,亦称“脆性骨折”,是指在日常生活中,未受到明显外力或受到通常不会引起骨折外力而发生的骨折。
三维外固定支架:三维外固定支架固定是一种微创治疗方法,不仅能减少创伤,还能避免血供破坏,缩短手术时间,利于患者术后早期康复锻炼,能为骨折愈合奠定基础。主要原理是利用骨端区域可调节的自攻半针位置和角度实施加压和延长三维外固定设计,每个与骨折干平行的面均呈三角形,既符合力学稳定规律,增强固定稳定性,又避免了与骨面直接,减少对骨膜施压,从而最大限度保存骨膜血供系统,有效确保骨髂血供。
 
摘要
背景:三维外固定支架材质及构架经过有效的改良后能获得良好的治疗效果,再加上该固定方法具有微创性,有望成为老年骨质疏松骨折的有效固定方法,但是对于其固定应用后生物力学稳定性研究较少。
目的:探讨三维外固定支架在老年骨质疏松骨折患者中的应用效果及生物力学稳定性,为老年骨质疏松骨折提供治疗依据。
方法:2017年6月至2018年6月选择老年尸体胫骨标本36根作为实验对象,经18%EDTA脱钙法建立胫骨标本骨质疏松模型后制备胫骨中段短斜型骨折模型,并随机分为3组(n=12),分别给予钢板(钢板组)、髓内钉(髓内钉组)、三维外固定支架(三维外固定支架组)进行骨折固定。每组随机取4根标本放置在BOSE3300生物力学实验机上完成抗压缩力学、抗弯曲力学及抗扭转力学测定,比较不同固定方法的生物力学性能。
结果与结论:①轴向力测定:三维外固定支架组在250,500 N轴向力作用下位移量大于髓内钉组,小于钢板组(P均 < 0.05);而在750 N轴向力作用下位移量小于其他2组(P < 0.05);②抗弯曲力测定:不同弯曲力作用下三维外固定支架组挠度均小于钢板组和髓内钉组(P < 0.05),髓内钉组挠度均小于钢板组(P < 0.05);③抗扭转力学测定:不同扭转力作用下,三维外固定支架组扭转角均小于髓内钉组和钢板组(P < 0.05),髓内钉组扭转角均小于钢板组(P < 0.05);④结果提示,三维外固定支架用于老年骨质疏松骨折中能获得良好的生物力学稳定性,从生物力学角度可将其推广应用。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-9641-5168(刘瑶)

关键词: 三维外固定支架, 老年骨质疏松骨折, 生物力学, 钢板固定, 髓内钉固定, 压缩力学, 抗弯曲力学, 抗扭转力学, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Improved three-dimensional external fixator can obtain good treatment effect and is expected to become a new effective fixation method for osteoporotic fracture in the elderly for minimally invasion. However, little is reported on its mechanical stability after fixation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biomechanical effect of three-dimensional external fixator for aged patients with osteoporotic fractures and provide evidence for its clinical application.
METHODS: From June 2017 to June 2018, 36 aged tibial specimens were selected to prepare the tibia osteoporosis specimen models by 18% EDTA decalcification. After successful modeling, the short oblique osteoporosis fracture model of the middle tibia was established. Then these tibial specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n=12 per group), and fixed with steel plate, intramedullary nail, and three-dimensional external fixator, respectively. Four specimens randomly from each group were measured by compression test, bending test, and torsion test with the BOSE3300 biomechanical testing machine, and the differences in biomechanical stability among groups were determined.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under 250 and 500 N of axial force, the displacement value in the three-dimensional external fixator group was significantly higher than that in the intramedullary nail group, and lower than that in the plate group (both P < 0.05). The displacement value under 750 N of axial force in the three-dimensional external fixator group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05). (2) In the bending test, the deflection under different bending forces in the three-dimensional external fixator group was smaller than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05). The deflection in the intramedullary nail group was smaller than that in the plate group  (P < 0.05). (3) The torsional angle in the three-dimensional external fixator group was smaller than that in the other two groups under different torsion forces (P < 0.05). The torsional angle in the intramedullary nail group was smaller than that in the plate group (P < 0.05). (4) In summary, from the perspective of biomechanics, the three-dimensional external fixator can be widely applied in elderly osteoporotic fractures due to its good biomechanical stability. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Osteoporotic Fractures, External Fixators, Internal Fixators, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

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