中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (11): 1737-1742.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0172

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

夹板固定治疗尺骨茎突骨折的三维有限元分析

李永耀1,程 灏1,赵 勇2,刘广伟1,成永忠1,关继超1   

  1. 中国中医科学院望京医院,1创伤一科,2骨伤综合科,北京市  100102
  • 出版日期:2018-04-18 发布日期:2018-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 赵勇,博士,主任医师,博士生导师,中国中医科学院望京医院骨伤综合科,北京市 100102
  • 作者简介:李永耀,男,1981年生,辽宁省东港市人,汉族,中国中医科学院在读博士,主治医师,主要从事骨折与软组织损伤的临床与基础研究。
  • 基金资助:

    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(ZZ11-084);中国中医科学院望京医院院级科研课题(WJYY2016-PY-005)

Three-dimensional finite element analysis on splint fixation for treating ulnar styloid process fracture

Li Yong-yao1, Cheng Hao1, Zhao Yong2, Liu Guang-wei1, Cheng Yong-zhong1, Guan Ji-chao1   

  1. 1First Department of Traumatology, 2Integrated Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
  • Online:2018-04-18 Published:2018-04-18
  • Contact: Zhao Yong, M.D., Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Integrated Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
  • About author:Li Yong-yao, Doctoral candidate, Attending physician, First Department of Traumatology, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
  • Supported by:

    the Special Foundation of Basic Research Service Fee of Central-Level Public Welfare Research Institutes, No. ZZ11-084| the Academic Research Project of Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. WJYY2016-PY-005

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
 

 

文题释义:
尺骨茎突骨折:根据尺骨茎突解剖特点及影像学表现,尺骨茎突骨折在临床上被分为2型:Ⅰ型为尺骨茎突尖端骨折;Ⅱ型为尺骨茎突基底部骨折。Ⅰ型骨折多由于腕尺侧副韧带牵拉,张力增高、撕裂而引起尺骨茎突尖端骨折;Ⅱ型骨折为桡骨远端骨折合并三角纤维软骨损伤,三角软骨盘及其边缘掌侧或背侧桡尺韧带的牵拉而导致尺骨茎突基底部骨折。尺骨茎突发生骨折后必然合并有附着的韧带或三角纤维软骨复合体损伤,后者在维持下尺桡关节稳定性方面具有关键性作用。
有限元分析法:是借助电子计算机进行运算的数值计算方法,将待分析的连续性实体离散成为有限个单元,以各单元的结合体替代原连续体,并逐个研究各单元的力学性质。它具有一些实验研究方法所不能比拟的优点,能够通过模拟分析的方法设定特殊工况,得到客观实体实验法所难以得到的研究结果,近年来其在骨科研究领域发展迅速,研究成果给临床治疗带来了积极意义。
 
摘要
背景:桡骨远端骨折常伴有尺骨茎突骨折,临床中对尺骨茎突骨折的治疗存在争议。手法复位夹板固定是治疗此类疾病的常用方法,治疗过程中对尺骨茎突骨折干预的机制难以在尸体力学实验中获得。近年来有限元分析方法在骨科领域得到了广泛应用,为骨科疾病的研究开辟了途径。
目的:通过有限元分析方法,探讨夹板对尺骨茎突骨折干预的生物力学机制,为临床治疗选择提供理论依据。
方法:基于1名健康女志愿者的前臂及腕部CT图像建立正常腕关节三维有限元基础模型,通过与文献中尸体实验数据对比验证模型的有效性,以此为基础建立有、无夹板固定的尺骨茎突Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型骨折的4种腕关节有限元模型。分析各模型在轴向压缩、横向拉伸、旋前和旋后4种工况下,下尺桡关节的相对位移变化、尺骨茎突骨折端位移变化情况。
结果与结论:①建立并验证了正常腕关节的三维有限元模型,以此为基础建立出实验所需另外4种模型;②在旋前及旋后工况中,尺骨茎突Ⅰ型及Ⅱ型骨折模型下尺桡关节的相对位移值均大于正常腕关节模型,其中Ⅰ型骨折模型小于Ⅱ型骨折模型,夹板干预后2种骨折模型位移值均明显减小;③在横向拉伸、旋前及旋后工况中,尺骨茎突Ⅰ型模型尺骨茎突骨折端位移值小于Ⅱ型骨折模型,夹板干预后2种骨折模型位移值均明显减小。其余工况下以上相应数值相差不明显;④结果提示,尺骨茎突骨折后下尺桡关节稳定性变差,其中发生Ⅱ型骨折后下尺桡关节稳定性不及Ⅰ型骨折,夹板这一弹性固定方式在治疗周期中能够增加尺侧柱的稳定性。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-7298-6727(李永耀)

关键词: 夹板固定, 桡骨远端骨折, 尺骨茎突骨折, 有限元分析, 生物力学特性, 相对位移, 模型构建

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Distal radius fractures are often accompanied by the ulna styloid process fractures, and the treatment of the ulna styloid process fracture is disputed in clinic. Manipulative reduction and splint fixation is a common method to treat such diseases. The mechanism of intervention on ulnar styloid process is difficult to obtain in the corpse mechanics experiments. In recent years, the finite element analysis method has been widely used in the field of orthopedics, which has opened up a way for the study of orthopedic disease.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the biomechanical mechanism of splint intervention on ulnar styloid fracture by finite element analysis, and to provide the basis for clinical treatment choice.
METHODS: A three-dimensional finite element model of normal wrist joint was established based on the forearm and wrist CT images of a healthy volunteer. The validity of the model was verified by comparing with the experimental data in the literature. On this basis, four wrist joint finite element models with and without splint fixation for ulnar styloid type I and type II fractures were established. Under axial compression, lateral extension, pronation and supination working conditions, the changes of the relative displacement of the distal radioulnar joint and the ulnar styloid fracture broken end were analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A three-dimensional finite element model of normal wrist joint was established and validated, and the other four models were established based on this model. (2) In pronation and supination conditions, the relative displacement values of the ulnar and radial joints in the ulnar styloid type I and II fracture models were greater than those in the normal wrist joint model, and the displacement was smaller in the type I fracture model than in the type II fracture model; the displacement was significantly reduced after the intervention on the two fracture models by the splint. (3) In the lateral tension, pronation and supination conditions, the displacement values of the ulnar styloid fracture end in the ulnar styloid type I fracture model were smaller than in the type II fracture model, and the displacement values were significantly reduced after the intervention by the splint. Under the remaining conditions, the change of the above values was not obvious. (4) In conclusion, the stability of distal radioulnar joint became worse after ulnar styloid fracture, and the stability of distal radioulnar joint after type I fracture was less than that after type II fracture. As an elastic fixation method, splint can increase the stability of the wrist ulnar column during the treatment.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Splints, Ulna Fractures, Wrist Joint, Finite Element Analysis, Tissue Engineering

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