中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (28): 7323-7331.doi: 10.12307/2026.808

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

椎间盘退变中的腰椎核心肌群协同失衡及靶向干预新策略

尤辰洋1,蒋  超2,车艳军2   

  1. 1南京医科大学医学影像学院,江苏省南京市  211166;2南京医科大学附属苏州医院骨科与运动医学中心,江苏省苏州市  215000
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-17 修回日期:2025-12-12 出版日期:2026-10-08 发布日期:2026-02-11
  • 通讯作者: 车艳军,博士,副主任医师,副教授,南京医科大学附属苏州医院骨科与运动医学中心,江苏省苏州市 215000
  • 作者简介:尤辰洋,男,2004年生,江苏省苏州市人,汉族,南京医科大学在读本科,主要从事运动医学相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省双创人才计划项目(JSSCBS20211588),项目负责人:车艳军;苏州市姑苏卫生人才计划科研项目(GSWS2021035),项目负责人:车艳军;苏州市重大疾病多中心临床研究项目(DZXYJ202307),项目负责人:车艳军;苏州市科技发展计划(医疗卫生科技创新)项目(SKY2022185),项目负责人:车艳军;苏州市中西医结合科研基金项目(SKYD2023254),项目负责人:车艳军;南京医科大学姑苏学院临床研究项目(GSKY20240208),项目负责人:车艳军;南京医科大学姑苏学院临床研究项目(GSKY20230402),项目负责人:车艳军;南京医科大学教育研究课题(2023ZC081),项目负责人:车艳军;苏州市科技攻关计划(医疗卫生创新)项目(SYWD2025002),项目负责人:车艳军

Synergistic imbalance in lumbar core muscles and novel targeted interventions for intervertebral disc degeneration

You Chenyang1, Jiang Chao2, Che Yanjun2   

  1. 1School of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2025-09-17 Revised:2025-12-12 Online:2026-10-08 Published:2026-02-11
  • Contact: Che Yanjun, MD, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:You Chenyang, School of Medical Imaging, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Jiangsu Provincial Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Program Project, No. JSSCBS20211588 (to CYJ); Suzhou Gusu Health Talent Program Research Project, No. GSWS2021035 (to CYJ); Suzhou Major Disease Multicenter Clinical Research Project, No. DZXYJ202307 (to CYJ); Suzhou Science and Technology Development Plan (Medical and Health Science and Technology Innovation) Project, No. SKY2022185 (to CYJ); Suzhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Research Fund Project, No. SKYD2023254 (to CYJ); Clinical Research Project of Nanjing Medical University Gusu College, No. GSKY20240208 (to CYJ); Clinical Research Project of Nanjing Medical University Gusu College, No. GSKY20230402 (to CYJ); Educational Research Project of Nanjing Medical University, No. 2023ZC081 (to CYJ); Suzhou Science and Technology Breakthrough Plan (Medical and Health Innovation) Project, No. SYWD2025002 (to CYJ) 

摘要:


文题释义:
腰椎核心肌群:包括腹前/后壁肌群、髋部核心肌群以及椎旁肌群,这些肌群的正常结构与功能对维持腰椎稳定性和防止腰椎间盘退变有重要意义。
椎间盘退变:是一种以髓核细胞凋亡、细胞外基质丢失以及软骨终板钙化为核心病理基础,继而导致髓核脱水、纤维环结构破损,并最终造成椎间盘高度降低和功能丧失的病理性退行性过程。

背景:椎间盘退变的机械稳定性失衡机制研究长期集中于椎旁肌群,对腹前/后壁及髋部核心肌群的关注不足,尤其缺乏多肌群协同作用的系统分析,且分子机制与肌肉功能间的联系尚未明确。
目的:旨在整合腹前/后壁、椎旁及髋部核心肌群与椎间盘退变的关联证据,揭示肌群协同失衡与Piezo1-YAP等分子通路的交互机制,并提出针对性防治策略。
方法:在中国知网、万方数据库、PubMed和Web of Science数据库中,采用MeSH词(如transversus abdominis[MeSH])与自由词(如TrA、IVDD)组合检索,通过布尔运算符(AND/OR)连接肌肉解剖术语(transversus abdominis,gluteus maximus等)、疾病术语(intervertebral disc degeneration,low back pain等)及研究类型(RCT、cohort study等)。最终按预设标准筛选出61篇文献进行分析。
结果与结论:腰椎核心肌群与椎间盘退变存在复杂关联。腹横肌通过调节腹内压和胸腰筋膜传导维持腰椎稳定,腹横肌失代偿(抑制/萎缩)是椎间盘退变的重要病理特征。同时,椎间盘退变患者核心肌群呈现特征性协同功能障碍:①腹壁肌群拮抗性代偿(腹内/外斜肌过度激活以代偿腹横肌失能);②腰方肌区域双重代偿(区域内腰大肌-腰方肌协同重组,区域间竖脊肌-腰方肌/腰大肌代偿);③臀肌失衡(臀大肌脂肪浸润/抑制,臀中肌优势侧保护性代偿)。这些协同功能障碍是破坏脊柱稳定性、加速椎间盘退变进程的核心环节。多肌群协同失衡(如臀肌-腰肌-腹肌动力链破坏)不仅加剧局部力学异常,而且通过系统性代偿影响整体脊柱-骨盆生物力学平衡,并引起腹内压调节紊乱。分子机制研究表明,异常力学负荷通过激活Piezo1-Ca²⁺-F-actin-YAP信号轴,促进细胞外基质降解和炎症反应;同时,核因子E2相关因子2 /核因子κB通路失衡加剧氧化应激与炎症微环境,形成力学-生物学恶性循环。针对核心肌群协同功能恢复的干预策略(如腹横肌靶向训练、臀肌强化、纠正异常激活模式)及其与分子靶向药物的联合应用具有重要临床潜力。未来需深入研究肌群间作用机制及代偿模式,以优化椎间盘退变防治策略。

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6917-4967(尤辰洋)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 椎间盘退变, 腰椎核心肌群, 腹前壁肌群, 腹后壁肌群, 椎旁肌群, 髋部肌群

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Research on the mechanical stability imbalance mechanism in intervertebral disc degeneration has long focused on the paraspinal muscles, with insufficient attention paid to the anterior/posterior abdominal wall and hip core muscle groups. There is a particular lack of systematic analysis of the synergistic actions of multiple muscle groups, and the link between molecular mechanisms and muscle function remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To integrate evidence on the association between the anterior/posterior abdominal wall, paraspinal, and hip core muscle groups and intervertebral disc degeneration, to elucidate interaction of synergistic muscle imbalance with molecular pathways such as Piezo1–YAP, and to propose targeted prevention and treatment strategies.
METHODS: A search was conducted in CNKI, WanFang, PubMed and Web of Science using a combination of MeSH terms (e.g., transversus abdominis[MeSH]) and free terms (e.g., TrA, IVDD) connected by Boolean operators (AND/OR) for muscle anatomical terms (transversus abdominis, gluteus maximus, etc.), disease terms (intervertebral disc degeneration, low back pain, etc.), and study types (RCT, cohort study, etc.). Ultimately, 61 articles were selected for analysis based on predefined criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There is a complex relationship between the lumbar core muscle groups and intervertebral disc degeneration. The transversus abdominis maintains lumbar stability by regulating intra-abdominal pressure and thoracolumbar fascia tension; its decompensation (inhibition/atrophy) is a key pathological feature of disc degeneration. Meanwhile, patients with disc degeneration exhibit characteristic synergistic dysfunctions in the core muscle groups: (1) Antagonistic compensation in the abdominal wall muscles (overactivation of the internal/external obliques to compensate for transversus abdominis dysfunction). (2) Dual compensation in the quadratus lumborum region (regional reorganization of psoas-quadratus lumborum synergy, interregional compensation between erector spinae and quadratus lumborum/psoas). (3) Gluteal muscle imbalance (fatty infiltration/inhibition of gluteus maximus, protective compensatory dominance of the gluteus medius on the dominant side). These synergistic dysfunctions are central to disrupting spinal stability and accelerating disc degeneration. Multi-muscle synergistic imbalance (e.g., disruption of the gluteal-lumbar-abdominal kinetic chain) not only exacerbates local mechanical abnormalities but also affects overall spine-pelvis biomechanical balance through systemic compensation and disrupts intra-abdominal pressure regulation. Molecular mechanism studies indicate that abnormal mechanical loading activates the Piezo1–Ca²⁺–F-actin–YAP signaling axis, promoting extracellular matrix degradation and inflammatory responses. Concurrently, imbalance in the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/nuclear factor-κB pathway exacerbates oxidative stress and the inflammatory microenvironment, forming a vicious biomechanical-biological cycle. Intervention strategies targeting the restoration of synergistic core muscle function (e.g., transversus abdominis-targeted training, gluteal strengthening, and correction of abnormal activation patterns) and their combination with molecularly targeted drugs hold significant clinical potential. Future research should further investigate the mechanisms of interaction between muscle groups and compensation patterns to optimize the prevention and treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.

Key words: intervertebral disc degeneration, lumbar core muscles, anterior abdominal wall muscles, posterior abdominal wall muscles, paraspinal muscles, hip muscles

中图分类号: