中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (23): 5915-5924.doi: 10.12307/2026.334

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

软骨终板退变的生物学机制与未来研究趋势

蒋  超,车艳军   

  1. 南京医科大学附属苏州医院骨科与运动医学中心,江苏省苏州市   215000

  • 收稿日期:2025-04-03 接受日期:2025-07-27 出版日期:2026-08-18 发布日期:2025-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 车艳军,医学博士,副主任医师,副教授,南京医科大学附属苏州医院骨科与运动医学中心,江苏省苏州市 215000
  • 作者简介:蒋超,男,2001年生,江苏省无锡市人,汉族,硕士在读,主要从事脊柱外科的基础与临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省双创人才计划项目(JSSCBS20211588),项目负责人:车艳军;苏州市姑苏卫生人才计划科研项目(GSWS2021035),项目负责人:车艳军;苏州市重大疾病多中心临床研究项目(DZXYJ202307),项目参与人:车艳军;苏州市科技发展计划(医疗卫生科技创新)项目(SKY2022185),项目负责人:车艳军;苏州市中西医结合科研基金项目(SKYD2023254),项目负责人:车艳军;南京医科大学姑苏学院临床研究项目(GSKY20240208),项目负责人:车艳军;南京医科大学姑苏学院临床研究项目(GSKY20230402),项目参与人:车艳军;南京医科大学教育研究课题(2023ZC081),项目负责人:车艳军

Biological mechanisms and future research trends of cartilaginous endplate degeneration

Jiang Chao, Che Yanjun   

  1. Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2025-04-03 Accepted:2025-07-27 Online:2026-08-18 Published:2025-12-30
  • Contact: Che Yanjun, MD, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Jiang Chao, MS candidate, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Center, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Jiangsu Province Shuangchuang Talent Program Project, No. JSSCBS20211588 (to CYJ); Suzhou Gusu Health Talent Program Scientific Research Project, No. GSWS2021035 (to CYJ); Suzhou Multicenter Clinical Research Project for Major Diseases, No. DZXYJ202307 (to CYJ [project participant]); Suzhou Science and Technology Development Program (Healthcare Science and Technology Innovation), No. SKY2022185 (to CYJ); Suzhou City Combined Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Research Fund Project, No. SKYD2023254 (to CYJ); Clinical Research Projects of Gusu College of Nanjing Medical University, Nos. GSKY20240208 (to CYJ) and GSKY20230402 (to CYJ [project participant]); Educational Research Project of Nanjing Medical University, No. 2023ZC081 (to CYJ)

摘要:



文题释义:
软骨终板:是椎间盘的关键组成部分,位于椎体和髓核之间,起到连接椎体与椎间盘的桥梁作用。软骨终板的结构和功能对于维持椎间盘的稳定性和健康至关重要,软骨终板通过渗透作用调节营养物质的交换和代谢物的排出,是椎间盘营养代谢的重要通道。
软骨终板退变:是指软骨终板结构和功能随时间逐渐发生退变的病理过程,是椎间盘退变的核心环节,也是导致椎间盘疾病(如腰椎间盘突出症)的重要原因。软骨终板退变主要表现为细胞外基质成分的改变,如Ⅱ型胶原蛋白和蛋白聚糖的降解以及Ⅰ型胶原和Ⅹ型胶原的增多,这些变化会直接影响软骨终板细胞的附着、增殖和分化能力,进而影响椎间盘的整体健康。

背景:软骨终板是连接椎间盘与椎体的桥梁,软骨终板退变是多种脊柱退变性疾病的中心环节。
目的:深入剖析软骨终板退变的生物学机制,揭示软骨终板退变在椎间盘退变中的关键作用。
方法:应用计算机检索Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网、万方和维普数据库,中文检索词为“软骨终板退变,炎症因子,生物力学,细胞外基质”,英文检索词为“Cartilaginous endplate degeneration,Inflammatory factor,Biomechanics,Extracellular matrix”,文献检索时限为各数据库建库至2024年8月,根据预定的纳入和排除标准,最终筛选出68篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:椎间盘退变是由力学环境改变引发的级联反应,导致细胞介导的生化、力学和结构变化,软骨终板作为椎间盘的动态力学屏障,它的生物力学特性由细胞外基质成分决定。软骨终板退变主要是细胞外基质主要成分的改变,包括Ⅱ型胶原蛋白和蛋白聚糖的降解、Ⅰ型胶原和Ⅹ型胶原的增多,这些变化会直接影响软骨终板细胞的附着、增殖和分化能力。如何恢复与维持健康的细胞外基质微环境是目前以及未来椎间盘退变治疗的主攻方向。软骨终板退变是一个多因素、多机制的复杂过程,涉及生物力学、生物化学、细胞生物学等多个学科领域。通过多学科合作,如生物力学与分子生物学的结合,在全面理解牵引促进椎间盘再生机制下施加有控制的固定-牵引,可为椎间盘退变患者提供更有效治疗。
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9993-3816 (蒋超);https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3843-6689 (车艳军) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 软骨终板, 退变, 生物学机制, 细胞凋亡, 炎症反应, 椎间盘退变, 软骨终板退变

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The cartilaginous endplate is the bridge connecting the intervertebral disc to the vertebral body. Degeneration of the cartilaginous endplate is a central link in various degenerative spinal disorders. 
OBJECTIVE: To conduct an in-depth analysis of the biological mechanisms of cartilaginous endplate degeneration and to reveal the key role of cartilaginous endplate degeneration in intervertebral disc degeneration.
METHODS: Computerized searches were conducted in Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP databases. The search terms included “cartilaginous endplate degeneration, inflammatory factors, biomechanics, extracellular matrix” in Chinese and English. The literature search spanned from the inception of each database to August 2024. Based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 68 articles were ultimately selected for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Intervertebral disc degeneration is a cascade reaction triggered by changes in the mechanical environment, leading to cell-mediated biochemical, mechanical, and structural changes. The cartilaginous endplate, as a dynamic mechanical barrier of the intervertebral disc, has biomechanical properties determined by the components of the extracellular matrix. The degeneration of the cartilaginous endplate is characterized by changes in the extracellular matrix components, including the degradation of type II collagen and proteoglycans, and the increase in type I collagen and type X collagen. These changes directly impact the attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of cartilaginous endplate cells. Maintaining and restoring a healthy extracellular matrix is the main direction for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration in the present and future. Cartilaginous endplate degeneration is a complex process involving multiple factors and mechanisms, involving multiple disciplines such as biomechanics, biochemistry, and cell biology. Through multidisciplinary collaboration, such as the combination of biomechanics and molecular biology, controlled immobilization and traction therapy could provide more effective treatment for patients with intervertebral disc degeneration through fully understanding the mechanisms by which traction promotes intervertebral disc regeneration.


Key words: cartilaginous endplate, degeneration, biological mechanisms, apoptosis, inflammatory response, intervertebral disc degeneration, cartilaginous endplate degeneration

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