中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 2594-2607.doi: 10.12307/2026.626

• 组织构建循证医学 evidence-based medicine in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

高强度间歇训练与中等强度持续训练干预神经退行性疾病患者认知功能的Meta分析

唐茁林1,殷明越2,白铭洋3,郑华坤1,4,严亨豪1,5,徐  恺2,刘  骞1   

  1. 1四川农业大学体育学院,四川省雅安市  625014;上海体育大学,2竞技运动学院,4运动健康学院,上海市  200438;3北京体育大学运动人体科学学院,北京市  100091;5西南大学体育学院体育科学研究所,重庆市  400715

  • 收稿日期:2025-04-09 接受日期:2025-06-08 出版日期:2026-04-08 发布日期:2025-08-30
  • 通讯作者: 刘骞,硕士,教授,硕士生导师,四川农业大学体育学院,四川省雅安市 625014
  • 作者简介:唐茁林,男,2004年生,四川省泸县人,汉族,大学本科在读,主要从事体育运动与健康促进方面的研究。 共同第一作者:殷明越,男,2000年生,四川省成都市人,汉族,硕士在读,主要从事优化心脏代谢健康适应的新兴运动策略研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省大学生创新训练计划项目(S202410626075),项目负责人:唐茁林

Effects of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on cognitive function in patients with neurodegenerative diseases: a meta-analysis

Tang Zhuolin1, Yin Mingyue2, Bai Mingyang3, Zheng Huakun1, 4, Yan Henghao1, 5, Xu Kai2, Liu Qian1   

  1. Tang Zhuolin1, Yin Mingyue2, Bai Mingyang3, Zheng Huakun1, 4, Yan Henghao1, 5, Xu Kai2, Liu Qian1  
    1School of Physical Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan Province, China; 2School of Athletic Performance, 4School of Sports and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; 3School of Sports Human Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100091, China; 5Institute of Sports Science, Institute of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
  • Received:2025-04-09 Accepted:2025-06-08 Online:2026-04-08 Published:2025-08-30
  • Contact: Liu Qian, MS, Professor, Master’s supervisor, School of Physical Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Tang Zhuolin, School of Physical Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, Sichuan Province, China Yin Mingyue, MS candidate, School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • Supported by:
    Sichuan Innovation Training Program for Undergraduates, No. S202410626075 (to TZL)

摘要:


文题释义:
神经退行性疾病:是指一系列以神经元损伤或退化导致神经损伤为特征的疾病。
认知功能:涵盖了大脑进行复杂思维、学习、记忆、决策、理解抽象概念和进行社会互动的能力。

目的:神经退行性疾病伴随的认知障碍严重影响患者生活质量,高强度间歇训练与中等强度持续训练均可通过诱导脑源性神经营养因子生成和增强突触可塑性等多重途径有效改善认知功能,但两者之间的优劣尚无定论。此次研究评估高强度间歇训练与中等强度持续训练对神经退行性疾病患者认知功能改善的效果差异。
方法:检索 Web of Science核心合集、Medline(EBSCO Host)、PubMed 和Cochrane Library数据库,收集有关高强度间歇训练和中等强度持续训练改善神经退行性疾病患者认知功能的随机对照试验,检索时限为各数据库建库至2024-07-25。采用PEDro量表进行质量评价,使用R Studio(版本4.4.1)进行Meta分析。
结果:共纳入27项随机对照试验,总计1 613例患者,其中高强度间歇训练组592例、中等强度持续训练组405例、对照组616例。Meta分析结果显示:①与对照组(无训练或进行低强度运动)相比:高强度间歇训练和中等强度持续训练均能显著提升神经退行性疾病患者的认知功能[Hedges’g=0.15,95%CI(0.02,0.29),P=0.02;Hedges’g=0.74,95%CI(0.01,1.47),P=0.04];亚组分析结果显示,不同神经退行性疾病类型和认知功能评估工具会显著影响中等强度持续训练的干预效果,阿尔茨海默病患者能比帕金森病患者获得更大幅度的认知功能改善(Hedges’g=2.24 vs. 0.15,P=0.02),简易精神状态检查(MMSE)能比帕金森病评定量表(UPDRS)更好地捕捉干预前后患者的认知功能变化(Hedges’g=4.21 vs. 0.25,P < 0.01),年龄对中等强度持续训练的干预效果存在显著影响趋势(P=0.08),≥65岁患者进行中等强度持续训练能比< 65岁患者获得更大幅度的认知收益(Hedges’g=0.99 vs. 0.22)。②高强度间歇训练与中等强度持续训练比较:两种训练对神经退行性疾病患者的认知功能改善效果无明显差异[Hedges’g=-0.02,95%CI(-0.30,0.26),P=0.88]。
结论:高强度间歇训练和中等强度持续训练均可显著提升神经退行性疾病患者的认知功能且同等有效,而不同年龄段人群可能有不同的最佳训练类型,< 65岁患者进行高强度间歇训练可更好地提高认知功能,≥65岁患者进行中等强度持续训练可更好地提高认知功能。值得注意的是,中等强度持续训练干预效果受疾病类型、评估工具及年龄的多重调节,提示在临床实践中需根据患者特征制定差异化运动处方及评估体系。
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9035-2953(唐茁林);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6105-8797(殷明越);
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3315-8293(刘骞)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 神经退行性疾病, 运动干预, 高强度间歇训练, 中等强度持续训练, 认知功能, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cognitive impairment associated with neurodegenerative diseases seriously affects the quality of life of patients. High-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training can improve cognitive function by inducing the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and enhancing synaptic plasticity, but the advantages and disadvantages of the two are inconclusive. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference between high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training in improving cognitive function in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
METHODS: The Web of Science core collection, Medline (EBSCO Host), PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were searched to include randomized controlled trials on high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training to improve cognitive function in neurodegenerative diseases patients. The search time was from the establishment of each database to July 25, 2024. The PEDro scale was used for quality evaluation, and R Studio (version 4.4.1) was used for meta-analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 27 randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 1 613 subjects (592 in the high-intensity interval training group; 405 cases in the moderate-intensity continuous training group; 616 cases in the control group). Compared with the control group (no or low-intensity exercise), both high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training could significantly improve the cognitive function of patients with neurodegenerative diseases [Hedges’g=0.15, 95% confidence interval (0.02, 0.29), P=0.02; Hedges’g=0.74, 95% confidence interval (0.01, 1.47), P=0.04]. Subgroup analyses showed that different types of neurodegenerative diseases and different cognitive function assessment scales could significantly affect the interventional effect of moderate-intensity continuous training, and patients with Alzheimer’s disease could achieve greater cognitive improvement than those with Parkinson’s disease (Hedges’g = 2.24 vs. 0.15, P=0.02), The Mini-Mental State Examination could better capture the cognitive changes before and after intervention than the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (Hedges’g=4.21 vs. 0.25, P < 0.01). In addition, age has a significant impact on the effect of moderate-intensity continuous training intervention (P=0.08), and patients ≥ 65 years can achieve greater cognitive benefits than those under 65 years of age (Hedges’g=0.99 vs. 0.22). There was no significant difference in the improvement of cognitive function between high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training [Hedges’g=-0.02, 95% confidence interval (-0.30, 0.26), P = 0.88].
CONCLUSION: Both high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training can significantly improve the cognitive function of neurodegenerative diseases patients and are equally effective, but people of different ages may have different optimal training types: patients < 65 years old may have greater cognitive benefits through high-intensity interval training intervention, while patients ≥ 65 years old may have better cognitive function through moderate-intensity continuous training. It is worth noting that the interventional effect of moderate-intensity continuous training is subjected to multiple adjustments of disease type, evaluation tool and age, suggesting that a differentiated exercise prescription and evaluation system should be formulated according to the characteristics of patients in clinical practice.

Key words: neurodegenerative diseases, exercise intervention, high-intensity interval training, moderate-intensity continuous training, cognitive function, meta-analysis

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