中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (15): 3871-3877.doi: 10.12307/2025.954

• 数字化骨科Digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

神经根型颈椎病三维有限元建模的方法及验证

梁  龙1，刘广伟2，3，于  杰1，魏  戌1，李  静1，路广琦1，朱立国1，2，3，尹逊路1，冯敏山1，2，3   

  1. 1中国中医科学院望京医院，北京市  100102；2北京市中西医结合骨伤研究所，北京市  100700；3中医正骨技术北京市重点实验室，北京市  100700
  • 接受日期:2024-12-10 出版日期:2026-05-28 发布日期:2025-11-06
  • 通讯作者: 尹逊路，博士，副主任医师，中国中医科学院望京医院，北京市 100102 冯敏山，博士，主任医师，中国中医科学院望京医院，北京市 100102；北京市中西医结合骨伤研究所，北京市 100700；中医正骨技术北京市重点实验室，北京市 100700
  • 作者简介:梁龙，男，1990年生，安徽省全椒县人，中国中医科学院望京医院在站博士后，主治医师，主要从事骨与关节退变及中医药干预研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中国中医科学院望京医院高水平中医医院建设项目“名老医药专家学术经验传承”专项(WJCC-202302)，项目负责人：冯敏山；国家中医药传承创新团队项目“骨与关节退行性疾病中医药防治创新团队”(ZYYCXTD-C-202003)，项目负责人：朱立国；国家自然科学基金面上项目(82305280)，项目负责人：尹逊路

Method and verification of three-dimensional finite element modeling for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy

Liang Long1, Liu Guangwei2, 3, Yu Jie1, Wei Xu1, Li Jing1, Lu Guangqi1, Zhu Liguo1, 2, 3, Yin Xunlu1, Feng Minshan1, 2, 3   

  1. 1Wangjing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China; 2Beijing Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; 3Beijing Key Laboratory of Bone Setting Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China

  • Accepted:2024-12-10 Online:2026-05-28 Published:2025-11-06
  • Contact: Yin Xunlu, MD, Associate chief physician, Wangjing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China Feng Minshan, MD, Chief physician, Wangjing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China; Beijing Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Bone Setting Technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
  • About author:Liang Long, MD, Attending physician, Wangjing Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
  • Supported by:
    High-level TCM Hospital Construction Project of Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. WJCC-202302 (to FMS); National TCM Inheritance Innovation Team Project, No. ZYYCXTD-C-202003 (to ZLG); National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Project), No. 82305280 (to YXL)

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摘要：

文题释义：

神经根型颈椎病：是颈椎病中最常见的类型，是由于颈椎退行性变而引起的一类临床常见病，常表现为颈部及上肢的疼痛、感觉和运动功能障碍、腱反射异常等症状。
有限元分析：是借助网格划分将无限自由度的物体变成有限，并在有限数量的节点上对其进行运算，可以明确施加外力后节点发生位移的变化等，现在已经广泛地应用在医学生物力学领域。

摘要
背景：目前涉及神经根型颈椎病的有限元模型研究，要么直接使用正常人影像资料进行模型构建，要么使用1例神经根型颈椎病患者的影像资料构建，其仿真性及代表性不足。
目的：探讨神经根型颈椎病三维有限元模型的仿真性能，以期为神经根型颈椎病甚至脊柱退行性疾病的后期研究提供参考。
方法：首先使用CT扫描1名正常人颈椎，通过多个软件进行几何重建、逆向工程、网格划分、材料赋值等过程，构建出包含椎体(C0-T1)、椎间盘(C2-C7)、韧带、关节软骨、肌肉等结构完整的颈椎三维有限元模型，并进行模型验证。再对椎间盘退变进行造模，模拟神经根型颈椎病的发生及发展过程；最后通过不同工况加载，测量椎间隙的高度、椎间孔横纵径的大小及变化幅度来进行验证。
结果与结论：①神经根型颈椎病三维有限元模型造模成功后，除了椎间孔横径没有变化外，椎间隙高度及椎间孔纵径自中度椎间盘退变到重度椎间盘退变逐渐减小；②动态验证结果显示，加载不同工况后发现，中度和重度椎间盘退变的神经根型颈椎病三维有限元模型的椎间隙高度、椎间孔横纵径变化幅度减小，说明椎间孔的容积及容纳神经根的能力降低。所以此次研究构建的神经根型颈椎病有限元模型符合疾病的发病特征。

关键词: ">神经根型颈椎病；三维有限元模型；脊柱退行性疾病；建模；模型验证；仿真

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, finite element model studies involving cervical spondylotic radiculopathy either directly use normal human imaging data to construct the model, or use imaging data of a patient with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy to construct the model, which lacks simulation and representativeness.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the simulation performance of the three-dimensional finite element model of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, so as to provide references for the later research on cervical spondylotic radiculopathy and even spinal degenerative diseases.  
METHODS: First, CT was used to scan the cervical spine of a normal person. Through multiple software, geometric reconstruction, reverse engineering, meshing, material assignment and other processes were carried out to construct a complete three-dimensional finite element model of the cervical spine including vertebrae (C0-T1), intervertebral discs (C2-C7), ligaments, articular cartilages, muscles and other structures, and verify the model. Then, a model was created for intervertebral disc degeneration to simulate the occurrence and development process of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy. Finally, verification was carried out by measuring the height of the intervertebral space, the size of the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the intervertebral foramen and their change amplitudes under different loading conditions. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After the successful construction of the three-dimensional finite element model of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, except that the transverse diameter of the intervertebral foramen did not change, the height of the intervertebral space and the longitudinal diameter of the intervertebral foramen gradually decreased from moderate to severe intervertebral disc degeneration. (2) The dynamic verification results showed that after applying different loading conditions, in the three-dimensional finite element models of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy with moderate and severe intervertebral disc degeneration, the change amplitudes of the height of the intervertebral space and the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the intervertebral foramen decreased, indicating that the volume of the intervertebral foramen and the ability to accommodate nerve roots decreased. (3) Therefore, the finite element model of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy constructed in this study conforms to the pathogenesis characteristics of this disease. 

Key words: cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, three-dimensional finite element model, degenerative spinal disease, modeling, model validation, simulation

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