中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 2063-2071.doi: 10.12307/2026.561

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

氧化锆与钛种植体的性能及临床效果对比

杨琼琼,刘  玮   

  1. 成都市第五人民医院口腔科,四川省成都市  610000
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-29 接受日期:2025-01-25 出版日期:2026-03-18 发布日期:2025-07-24
  • 通讯作者: 刘玮,主任医师,成都市第五人民医院口腔科,四川省成都市 610000
  • 作者简介:杨琼琼,女,1996年生,贵州省遵义市人,汉族,医师,主要从事口腔种植方面的研究。

Comparison of performance and clinical effects of zirconia and titanium implants

Yang Qiongqiong, Liu Wei   

  1. Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2024-11-29 Accepted:2025-01-25 Online:2026-03-18 Published:2025-07-24
  • Contact: Liu Wei, Chief physician, Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Yang Qiongqiong, Physician, Department of Stomatology, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
氧化锆种植体:指的是种植牙植入骨组织内的下部支持结构,其材料为高强度、具有生物惰性的陶瓷材料——氧化锆。
钛种植体:指的是种植牙植入骨组织内的下部支持结构,其材料为具有优异生物相容性、高强度的金属材料——钛及其合金。

背景:牙齿缺失会影响咀嚼能力、发音能力,导致面容不美观,诱发肠胃疾病等危害,而种植牙是目前牙齿缺失的最佳修复方式。
目的:综述两种不同材料(氧化锆与钛)种植体在力学性能、生物相容性、表面处理技术、骨整合能力及临床效果等方面的差异。
方法:应用计算机检索CNKI、万方数据库及ScienceDirect、Medline、PubMed数据库,以“Zirconia implant,titanium implant,mechanical property,biocompatibility,surface treatment,osseointegration,clinical efficacy”及“氧化锆种植体,钛种植体,力学性能,生物相容性,表面处理,骨整合,临床效果”为关键词,检索2014-2024年发表的相关文献。根据入选标准筛选文献,最终纳入102篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:氧化锆种植体以出色的美学效果和良好的生物相容性在口腔修复领域占据了重要地位,然而,氧化锆的弹性模量较高,导致种植体周围骨组织承受的压力增大,影响骨整合效果。钛种植体在临床应用上以良好的生物相容性和出色的力学性能著称。钛材料具有较低的弹性模量及出色的骨整合能力,这使得钛种植体在承受较大咬合力的情况下仍能保持稳定,但其美学效果相对较差,在长期使用中还可能存在金属过敏等问题。因此,在选择种植体材料时,医生应根据患者的具体情况和修复需求,综合考虑种植体的美学效果、力学性能、生物相容性等因素,为患者提供个性化治疗方案。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6736-3584(杨琼琼)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 氧化锆, , 种植体, 力学性能, 生物相容性, 表面处理, 骨整合, 临床效果, 工程化口腔材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Lack of teeth affects chewing ability and pronunciation ability, leading to an unknown face, inducing gastrointestinal diseases. Dental implants are the best way to repair dental deletions.
OBJECTIVE: To review the differences in mechanical properties, biocompatibility, surface treatment technology, bone integration ability and clinical effects of two different implant materials (zirconia and titanium).
METHODS: The CNKI, WanFang databases and ScienceDirect, Medline, and PubMed databases were searched by computer. The relevant literature published from 2014 to 2024 was retrieved with the keywords “zirconia implant, titanium implant, mechanical property, biocompatibility, surface treatment, osseointegration, clinical efficacy” in Chinese and English. The articles were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 102 articles were finally included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Zirconia implants occupy an important position in the field of oral repair owing to their excellent aesthetic effects and good biocompatibility. However, the elastic modulus of the oxide is high, and the pressure on the bone tissue around the implant increases, which affects bone integration. Titanium implants are known for their good biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties in clinical applications. Titanium materials have a lower elastic modulus and excellent bone integration capabilities, which can maintain stability when titanium implants can bear a large bite force. However, their aesthetic effects are relatively poor. There may be problems, such as long-term use of metal allergies. Therefore, when selecting implants, doctors should comprehensively consider the aesthetic effects, mechanical properties, and biochemical compatibility of implants based on the specific circumstances and repair needs of patients to provide patients with personalized treatment plans. 


Key words: zirconia, titanium, implant, mechanical performance, biocompatibility, surface treatment, osseointegration, clinical efficacy, engineered dental material

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