中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (24): 3867-3872.doi: 10.12307/2024.603

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

三种入路掌侧钢板置入治疗不稳定桡骨远端骨折的比较

黄晓夏1,2,3,彭  聪4,艾科拜尔·喀迪尔1,滕  勇2,赵  岩3   

  1. 1新疆医科大学,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830054;2中国人民解放军新疆军区总医院脊柱外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830099;3新疆医科大学第一附属医院骨科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830011;4新疆医科大学第六附属医院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830092
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-21 接受日期:2023-07-15 出版日期:2024-08-28 发布日期:2023-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 赵岩,主任医师,硕士生导师,新疆医科大学第一附属医院骨科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830011 滕勇,主任医师,硕士生导师,博士生导师,中国人民解放军新疆军区总医院脊柱外科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830099
  • 作者简介:黄晓夏,男,1994 年生,福建省莆田市人,汉族,新疆医科大学在读博士,主要从事脊柱外科学研究。

Comparison of three kinds of palmar approach plate implantation for treatment of unstable distal radius fractures

Huang Xiaoxia1, 2, 3 , Peng Cong4, Aikobayer·Kudir1, Teng Yong2, Zhao Yan3   

  1. 1Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Spine Surgery, General Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Xinjiang Military Region, Urumqi 830099, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 4Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830092, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2023-05-21 Accepted:2023-07-15 Online:2024-08-28 Published:2023-11-21
  • Contact: Zhao Yan, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China Teng Yong, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Spine Surgery, General Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Xinjiang Military Region, Urumqi 830099, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Huang Xiaoxia, Doctoral candidate, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Department of Spine Surgery, General Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Xinjiang Military Region, Urumqi 830099, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

摘要:


文题释义:

传统Henry入路:沿桡侧腕屈肌及桡动脉之间切开,将桡动脉牵向桡侧,桡侧腕屈肌牵向尺侧,暴露旋前方肌。
保留旋前方肌完整性:目前临床上治疗桡骨远端骨折常常采用传统Henry入路,术中需切开旋前方肌,近年来发现该术式带来一系列并发症。该文介绍了术中采用不同保留患者旋前方肌的方法,探索其长期疗效。


背景:既往治疗桡骨远端骨折术中需切断旋前方肌,修复旋前方肌失败会带来一系列并发症。

目的:探讨不同入路保留旋前方肌联合掌侧钢板治疗桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效。
方法:回顾性纳入66例桡骨远端骨折患者的临床资料,按不同入路分为传统Henry入路组(A组)、劈开肱桡肌腱入路(B组)、旋前方肌后方入路(C组),每组22例。观察3组患者术后内固定、骨折愈合及术后并发症发生情况;比较3组患者术后腕关节疼痛目测类比评分及前臂旋转角度;Dienst关节量表用于评估患者的手腕功能。

结果与结论:①B、C组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间上均显著少于A组(P < 0.01),B组和C组术中出血量及骨折愈合时间相比则无显著差异,但B组手术时间更短;②术后 3 d 及 1,3 个月行腕关节正侧位 X 射线片检查,3组患者桡骨高度、掌倾角、尺偏角相比无显著差异(P > 0.05),3组同一时期各指标相比无显著差异(P > 0.05);③术后12个月随访时,3组目测类比评分和前臂旋转角度均无显著差异;但术后1,3个月的评估结果显示,3组之间的目测类比评分和前臂旋转角度差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05),其中C组目测类比评分更低,前臂旋转角度更大;④依据 Dienst关节评分标准,术后 12 个月A、B、C组患者腕关节功能评估优良率分别为 86%(19/22)、91%(20/22)、95%(21/22);⑤所有患者术后均未出现血管、神经损伤及术区感染,A组出现肌腱激惹3例、创伤性关节炎2例、腕管综合征2例;B组出现肌腱激惹1例、关节僵硬1例;C组出现创伤性关节炎、腕管综合征各1例;⑥提示不同手术方法治疗桡骨远端骨折均可获得良好的临床效果;将钢板放置在旋前方肌下方可以减轻术后早期疼痛,促进早期活动,恢复正常生活;肱桡肌腱入路在术中骨折暴露方面更有优势,可以缩短手术时间。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7518-4201 (黄晓夏) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 桡骨远端骨折, Henry入路, 旋前方肌, 掌侧钢板, 内固定

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the past, it was necessary to cut off the pronator quadratus muscle in the treatment of distal radius fractures. Failure to repair the pronator quadratus muscle can lead to a series of complications.  
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy of different methods of preserving the pronator quadratus muscle combined with a palmar steel plate in the treatment of distal radius fractures.
METHODS: Clinical data of 66 patients with distal radius fractures were retrospectively included, divided into the traditional Henry approach group (group A), the split brachioradialis tendon approach group (group B), and the posterior pronator quadratus muscle approach group (group C), with 22 patients in each group. Postoperative internal fixation, fracture healing, and postoperative complications were observed in the three groups. The visual analog scale score of postoperative wrist pain and forearm rotation angle were compared among the three groups. The Dienst Joint Scale was used to evaluate the wrist function of patients.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, and fracture healing time of groups B and C were significantly lower than those of group A (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in intraoperative blood loss and fracture healing time between groups B and C, but the surgical time was shorter in group B. (2) The anteroposterior and lateral wrist X-ray examination 3 days and 1 and 3 months after surgery exhibited that there were no significant differences in radial height, palm angle, and ulnar deviation angle among the three groups (P > 0.05). No significant difference was detected in various indicators during the same phase among the three groups (P > 0.05). (3) At a follow-up of 12 months after surgery, there were no significant differences in visual analog scale scores and forearm rotation angle among the three groups. However, the evaluation results at 1 and 3 months after surgery demonstrated significant differences in visual analog scale scores and forearm rotation angle among the three groups (P < 0.05). Among them, group C had a lower visual analog scale score and a larger forearm rotation angle. (4) According to the Dienst joint scoring standard, the excellent and good rate of wrist joint function evaluation was 86%(19/22), 91%(20/22), and 95%(21/22) in groups A, B, and C, respectively 12 months after surgery. (5) All patients did not experience any postoperative vascular or neurological damage or surgical site infection. Group A had three cases of tendon irritation, two cases of traumatic arthritis, and two cases of carpal tunnel syndrome. In group B, tendon irritation occurred in 1 case and joint stiffness in 1 case. There was 1 case of traumatic arthritis and 1 case of carpal tunnel syndrome in group C. (6) It is suggested that different surgical methods for treating distal radius fractures have achieved good clinical results. Placing a steel plate under the pronator muscle can alleviate early postoperative pain, promote early activity, and restore normal life. The brachioradialis tendon approach has more advantages in exposing intraoperative fractures and can shorten the surgical time.

Key words: distal radius fracture, Henry’s approach, pronator quadratus muscle, palmar steel plate, internal fixation

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