中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (35): 5618-5623.doi: 10.12307/2024.576

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

中等强度持续运动和高强度间歇运动对小鼠肥胖性肌萎缩的干预作用

洪伟皓1，田  航1，栾一胜1，马艺璇1，熊莹喆2，张  冰1   

  1. 1清华大学体育部，体育与健康科学研究中心，北京市  100084；2华中师范大学体育学院，湖北省武汉市  430079
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-16 接受日期:2023-11-30 出版日期:2024-12-18 发布日期:2024-03-15
  • 通讯作者: 张冰，男，1960年生，北京市人，汉族，博士，教授，清华大学体育部，体育与健康科学研究中心，北京市 100084
  • 作者简介:洪伟皓，男，1993年生，福建省泉州市人，汉族，博士，助理研究员。
  • 基金资助:
    国家体育总局备战2022年北京冬奥会重大专项《国家花样滑冰集训队备战2022冬奥会技术、体能、康复突破一体化科技服务》课题(20212001045)，项目负责人：张冰

Effects of moderate-intensity continuous training and high-intensity interval training on obesity-related muscle atrophy in mice

Hong Weihao1, Tian Hang1, Luan Yisheng1, Ma Yixuan1, Xiong Yingzhe2, Zhang Bing1   

  1. 1Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 2School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, Hubei Province, China 
  • Received:2023-10-16 Accepted:2023-11-30 Online:2024-12-18 Published:2024-03-15
  • Contact: Zhang Bing, MD, Professor, Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • About author:Hong Weihao, MD, Assistant researcher, Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • Supported by:
    Major Special Project of National General Administration of Sport for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, No. 20212001045 (to ZB)

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摘要：


文题释义：

肥胖性肌萎缩：长时间的能量过剩和代谢紊乱导致的肌肉量减少和/或功能性下降，这种萎缩与慢性炎症、胰岛素抵抗、脂毒性等与肥胖相关的生理生化改变有关。
中等强度持续运动(MICT)：将强度控制于最大摄氧量50%-60%，持续且不间断的运动模式。个体在运动期间能够保持稳定的心率和呼吸频率，可以长时间维持该活动而不感到过于疲劳。
高强度间歇运动(HIIT)：是近年来较为流行的训练方法。高强度间歇运动训练通常包括短时间的高强度运动，这阶段可以持续几秒到几分钟 ，紧接着是较短的恢复时段，然后依次进行交替。


背景：肥胖已成为全球范围内的健康问题之一，伴随而来的是肥胖性肌萎缩等相关并发症。虽然运动已被报道可以改善多种肥胖相关疾病，但是其中鲜有关于运动模式的研究。

目的：在相同运动距离的前提下，比较中等强度持续运动(moderate-intensity continuous training，MICT)与高强度间歇运动(high-intensity interval training，HIIT) 两种运动模式对小鼠肥胖性肌萎缩的改善作用，为肥胖性肌萎缩的运动干预疗法的选择提供科学依据。
方法：将72只C57BL/6雄性小鼠分为普通饮食组、普通饮食+MICT组，普通饮食+HIIT组、高脂饮食组、高脂饮食+MICT组、高脂饮食+HIIT组(每组12只)，通过检测小鼠腓肠肌质量、腓肠肌指数、腓肠肌肌纤维横截面积、腓肠肌脂质沉积以及腓肠肌中肌萎缩标志基因Murf-1与Atrogin-1的表达量来评估8周不同运动模式的跑台训练对于长期高脂饮食引起的肌萎缩的改善作用。

结果与结论：①与高脂饮食组相比，MICT和HIIT均改善了腓肠肌指数(MICT+18.8% vs. HIIT+17.6%，两种运动模式无显著差异)、肌纤维萎缩(MICT+15.5% vs. HIIT+13.7%，两种运动模式无显著差异)和腓肠肌脂质沉积(MICT-19.8% vs. HIIT-17.1%，两种运动模式无显著差异)。②在基因水平上，与高脂饮食组相比，MICT和HIIT运动模式均能显著下调Murf-1 (MICT-62.4% vs. HIIT-52.6%，MICT显著优于HIIT，P < 0.01)和Atrogin-1 (MICT-43.3% vs. HIIT-29.8%，MICT显著优于HIIT，P < 0.01)。③基于运动模式难度与舒适性的考量以及基因水平上的证据显示，MICT模式更适合用于肥胖性肌萎缩的运动干预。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2291-3233(洪伟皓)；https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0859-0530(张冰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

关键词: 肥胖, 肥胖性肌萎缩, 中等强度持续运动, 高强度间歇运动, Murf-1, Atrogin-1, 跑台运动, 高脂饮食

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity has become a global health issue, often accompanied by complications including obesity-related muscle atrophy. While exercise has been reported to improve various obesity-related diseases, there is limited research focusing on exercise modes. 
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on obesity-related muscle atrophy in mice under the premise of the same exercise distance, providing a scientific basis for exercise interventions for obesity-related muscle atrophy. 
METHODS: Seventy-two male C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups (n=12 per group): standard chow diet, standard chow diet+MICT, standard chow diet+HIIT, high-fat diet, high-fat diet+MICT, and high-fat diet+HIIT. The study evaluated the effects of 8-week treadmill training with different exercise modes on long-term high-fat diet-induced muscle atrophy by detecting muscle mass, muscle index, muscle fiber cross-sectional area, muscle lipid deposition, and the expression of muscle atrophy marker genes Murf-1 and Atrogin-1 in the gastrocnemius muscle of mice exposed to long-term high-fat diet. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared to the high-fat diet group, both MICT and HIIT improved the decrease in gastrocnemius muscle index (MICT+18.8% vs. HIIT+17.6%, not significant between the two modes), muscle fiber atrophy (MICT+15.5% vs. HIIT+13.7%, not significant between the two modes), and muscle lipid deposition (MICT-19.8% vs. HIIT-17.1%, not significant between the two modes). At the gene level, compared with the high-fat diet group, both MICT and HIIT could significantly down-regulate the expression of Murf-1 (MICT-62.4% vs. HIIT-52.6%, the down-regulation caused by MICT was significantly greater than that by HIIT; P < 0.01) and Atrogin-1 (MICT-43.3% vs. HIIT-29.8%, the down-regulation caused by MICT was significantly greater than that by HIIT; P < 0.01). Based on exercise mode comfort and genetic evidence, MICT mode might be more suitable for exercise interventions in obesity-related muscle atrophy.

Key words: obesity, obesity-related muscle atrophy, moderate-intensity continuous training, high-intensity interval training, MuRF-1, Atrogin-1, treadmill exercise, high-fat diet

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