中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (12): 1875-1879.doi: 10.12307/2024.024

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

膝关节单髁置换后早期步态的稳定性

顾  旭1,2,郑  欣2,史思峰2,鲁仁祥1,2,曹  杰1,2,李洪伟2   

  1. 1徐州医科大学研究生学院,江苏省徐州市   221006;2徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市   221006
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-22 接受日期:2023-02-22 出版日期:2024-04-28 发布日期:2023-08-22
  • 通讯作者: 李洪伟,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市 221006
  • 作者简介:顾旭,男,1996年生,安徽省亳州市人,汉族,徐州医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨科研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省“科教强卫工程”青年医学人才(QNRC2016801),项目负责人:郑欣;徐州市推动科技创新项目(KC19063),项目负责人:郑欣

Stability of early gait after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Gu Xu1, 2, Zheng Xin2, Shi Sifeng2, Lu Renxiang1, 2, Cao Jie1, 2, Li Hongwei2   

  1. 1Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2022-11-22 Accepted:2023-02-22 Online:2024-04-28 Published:2023-08-22
  • Contact: Li Hongwei, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Gu Xu, Master candidate, Physician, Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Young Medical Talents of Jiangsu Province’s “Science and Education Strengthening Health Project”, No. QNRC2016801 (to ZX); Xuzhou City Promotion Science and Technology Innovation Project, No. KC19063 (to ZX)

摘要:


文题释义:

步态分析:步态分析是生物力学的分支,它可以通过研究步行规律,发现步态的异常环节,并通过定量分析,应用于功能诊断、治疗计划评估和疾病进展监测当中。
包络压力中心点95%椭圆置信面积:包络95%压力中心轨迹在内区域的面积,椭圆面积越大,说明站立时移动范围也越大,是评价姿势稳定性的重要指标之一。


背景:对于行膝关节单髁置换的患者,虽然手术效果明确,但仍缺乏有效的定量评估工具,需进一步探索术后早期步态及稳定性变化。

目的:探讨膝关节单髁置换前与置换后早期的步态及稳定性变化。
方法:选择2021年5月至2022年5月计划在徐州医科大学附属医院关节外科行单侧单髁置换的患者30例为单髁置换组,年龄(63.80±9.31)岁;另招募15例无髋膝关节疼痛及髋膝关节活动功能障碍病史的健康老年人为对照组,年龄(61.28±8.60)岁。记录比较对照组及单髁置换组患者置换前、置换后1,3个月的美国特种外科医院评分、稳定性参数(足底压力中心路径长度、95%置信椭圆面积)及步态参数(步速、跨步步幅、步频、步态周期、单支撑期比例)。

结果与结论:①单髁置换组患者置换后1个月步频与置换前比较,差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);置换后1个月稳定性参数较置换前差,其他参数均优于置换前,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②单髁置换组患者置换后3个月美国特种外科医院评分、步态及稳定性参数均优于置换前(P < 0.05);③单髁置换组置换前、置换后3个月步速、跨步步幅、步频、单支撑期比例均小于对照组,足底压力中心路径长度、95%置信椭圆面积、步态周期均大于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);④提示步态分析是定量评估单髁置换后康复状况的有效手段,单髁置换后早期步态恢复较好,但置换后1个月仍存在步频改善不明显、稳定性较差的情况。 

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6672-6416(顾旭) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 单髁置换, 膝关节骨性关节炎, 步态分析, 姿势平衡, 康复

Abstract: BACKGROUND: For the patients who have undergone unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, although the surgical effect is clear, there is still a lack of effective quantitative evaluation tools, and it is necessary to further explore the early postoperative gait and stability changes. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in gait and stability before and after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. 
METHODS: From May 2021 to May 2022, 30 patients aged (63.80±9.31) years who planned to perform unilateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in the Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were selected as the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group. 15 healthy elderly patients aged (61.28±8.60) years without a history of hip and knee pain and hip and knee joint dysfunction were recruited as the control group. Hospital for special surgery scores, stability parameters (center of pressure path length, 95% confidence ellipse area) and gait parameters (pace, stride length, stride frequency, gait cycle, and the proportion of single support period) were recorded and compared in the control group and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group before operation, 1 and 3 months after operation. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference in the step frequency between the patients 1 month after operation and those before operation in the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group (P > 0.05). The stability of 1 month after operation was worse than that before operation, and other parameters of 1 month after operation were better than those before operation, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). (2) Hospital for special surgery score, gait and stability parameters at 3 months after operation were better than those before operation (P < 0.05). (3) Compared with the control group, the pace, stride length, stride frequency, and the proportion of single support period of the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group were significantly lower before and 3 months after operation. Center of pressure path length, 95% confidence ellipse area and gait cycle were greater in the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). (4) It is indicated that gait analysis is an effective means to quantitatively evaluate the rehabilitation status after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. The early gait recovery after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is good, but the gait frequency improvement is not obvious and the stability is poor 1 month after the operation.  

Key words: unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, knee osteoarthritis, gait analysis, postural balance, recovery

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