中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (30): 4856-4861.doi: 10.12307/2023.806

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

脱细胞基质复合支架在组织再生中的应用

杨  顺，赵明月，涂希玲，高  丽，杨  琨，刘  琪   

  1. 遵义医科大学附属口腔医院牙周科，贵州省遵义市  563000
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-08 接受日期:2022-11-21 出版日期:2023-10-28 发布日期:2023-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 刘琪，博士，教授，遵义医科大学附属口腔医院牙周科，贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:杨顺，男，1990年生，贵州省遵义市人，汉族，遵义医科大学在读硕士，主要从事干细胞、牙周组织工程方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82060204)，项目负责人：高丽；贵州省科技厅(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般437)，项目负责人：高丽

Application of decellularized extracellular matrix composite scaffolds in tissue regeneration

Yang Shun, Zhao Mingyue, Tu Xiling, Gao Li, Yang Kun, Liu Qi   

  1. Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2022-10-08 Accepted:2022-11-21 Online:2023-10-28 Published:2023-04-03
  • Contact: Liu Qi, MD, Professor, Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Yang Shun, Master candidate, Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82060204 (to GL); Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province, No. ZK[2021] 437 (to GL)

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摘要：


文题释义：

脱细胞基质支架：指组织和器官通过化学、物理及生物方法去除细胞后的细胞外基质支架，因低免疫原性及富含多种生长因子，并传递物理、化学和生物信号等优点，而利于细胞增殖、分化及血管新生。
支架优化：脱细胞基质支架因脱细胞过程常导致超微结构的破坏，以及机械性能差、不可控的降解等，使其作为组织工程支架材料受到一定的限制，因此，需要对其进行修饰构成复合支架以弥补不足，改善脱细胞基质支架的性能。

背景：目前的脱细胞方法不可避免地会对脱细胞基质支架造成损伤，为更好地发挥其作为组织工程支架的优势，对脱细胞基质支架进行修饰以改善性能显得尤为重要。
目的：综述脱细胞基质复合支架在组织再生中的应用进展。
方法：以“decellularized extracellular matrix，tissue engineering，crosslinking，Electrospun nanofibers，3D bioprinting technology，tissue regeneration；脱细胞基质，组织工程，交联，静电纺丝纳米纤维，三维生物打印技术，组织再生”等作为关键词，在PubMed数据库、万方数据库、中国知网数据库进行检索，文献的语种限定为中文和英文，检索时限为2009-2022年。共检索到文献142余篇，最终纳入79篇进行综述。

结果与结论：采用化学、物理及生物方法对组织或器官去除细胞的过程，会对脱细胞基质支架的超微结构造成损伤，导致支架的机械性能差与不可控的降解等。通过交联、静电纺丝技术、三维生物打印技术、纳米颗粒、甲氧基聚乙二醇及生长因子修饰构建复合支架，可优化脱细胞基质支架的性能，其中三维生物打印技术可将修饰后的脱细胞基质生物墨水打印出更加稳定、精准化的复合支架，对于个性化、精准化的组织再生显示出巨大潜力，但要实现功能和结构的组织再生及临床转化仍需不断探索和研究。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1877-6523(杨顺)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料；口腔生物材料；纳米材料；缓释材料；材料相容性；组织工程

关键词: 脱细胞基质, 组织工程, 再生, 交联, 静电纺丝纳米纤维, 三维生物打印技术, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Current decellularization methods inevitably cause damage to decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds. To better exploit their advantages as tissue engineering scaffolds, it is particularly important to modify decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds to improve their performance.
OBJECTIVE: To review the application of decellularized extracellular matrix composite scaffolds in tissue regeneration. 
METHODS: Keywords “decellularized extracellular matrix, tissue engineering, crosslinking, electrospun nanofibers, 3D bioprinting technology, tissue regeneration” were searched on PubMed, WanFang and CNKI databases. The language of the literature was limited to Chinese and English, and the retrieval time was from 2009 to 2022.  A total of more than 142 articles were retrieved, and 79 articles were finally included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The process of removing cells from tissues or organs by chemical, physical and biological methods inevitably leads to ultrastructural damage of decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds, as well as adverse factors such as poor mechanical properties, and uncontrolled degradation. The composite scaffold can be modified by cross-linking, electrospinning, three-dimensional bioprinting, nanoparticles, methoxy polyethylene glycol, and growth factor, which can optimize the performance of decellularized extracellular matrix scaffold. Among them, three-dimensional bioprinting technology can print more stable and precise composite scaffolds from modified decellularized extracellular matrix bioprinks, showing a great potential for personalized and precise tissue regeneration. However, achieving functional and structural tissue regeneration and clinical transformation still needs to be explored and studied.

Key words: decellularized extracellular matrix, tissue engineering, regeneration, crosslinking, electrospun nanofiber, three-dimensional bioprinting technology, review

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