中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (27): 4283-4290.doi: 10.12307/2023.611

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

拇外翻足有限元模型构建及其第1跖趾关节生物力学分析

唐  智1,郎  蕾1,王任远2,顾  松2   

  1. 1东华大学机械工程学院,上海市   201600;2上海市第一人民医院创伤临床医学中心,上海市   201600
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-17 接受日期:2022-08-03 出版日期:2023-09-28 发布日期:2022-11-07
  • 通讯作者: 顾松,博士,副主任医师,上海市第一人民医院创伤临床医学中心,上海市 201600
  • 作者简介:唐智,男,1980年生,四川省南充市人,汉族,博士,教授,主要从事医疗康复产品设计。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(51775106),项目负责人:唐智;上海市第一人民医院2021年临床特色医疗技术培养项目(填补院内空白技术项目)(02.DY12.06.22.13),项目负责人:顾松

Construction of finite element model of hallux valgus foot and biomechanical analysis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint

Tang Zhi1, Lang Lei1, Wang Renyuan2, Gu Song2   

  1. 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201600, China; 2Trauma Clinic, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 201600, China
  • Received:2022-06-17 Accepted:2022-08-03 Online:2023-09-28 Published:2022-11-07
  • Contact: Gu Song, MD, Associate chief physician, Trauma Clinic, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 201600, China
  • About author:Tang Zhi, MD, Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201600, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program), No. 51775106 (to TZ); 2021 Clinical Characteristic Medical Technology Training Project of Shanghai General Hospital (Technical Project to Fill the Blanks in the Hospital), No. 02.DY12.06.22.13 (to GS)

摘要:


文题释义:

拇外翻:拇外翻畸形是指拇趾在第1跖趾关节处向外侧偏斜移位。拇外翻是一种复杂的解剖畸形,并且在治疗上极具挑战性。拇外翻是拇趾最常见的一种病变,多见于中老年女性,常发生在有遗传倾向及长期穿用不合适鞋子的人,部分鞋子会对拇趾施加异常压力,加重外翻病症。
第1跖趾关节:是由第1跖骨的头部和第一趾骨底部所构成的关节。其中第1趾骨为大拇趾,位于足的最内侧,分为近节趾骨与远节趾骨。第1跖趾关节在站立及行走时起到重要作用,承受了较大的压力。常见的拇外翻是由于第1跖骨内翻和第1趾骨外翻所造成。

背景:有限元模型构建及生物力学分析使探究拇外翻足的形成及相关结构功能恢复成为可能。
目的:建立负重中立位中度拇外翻足有限元模型,分析不同部位及大小的外力作用下第1跖趾关节角度的变化与对应骨骼应力分布情况。
方法:选取1名女性中度拇外翻志愿者,采集CT影像数据,利用计算机三维成像技术进行三维有限元建模,验证模型有效性,标准化第1跖趾关节角与第1-2跖间夹角的测量方法,控制变量,依次改变作用力大小来观察上述两角度的变化,分析第1跖骨、近节趾骨的应力分布情况。
结果与结论:①建立了有效的中度拇外翻足有限元模型,并显示较大的应力集中现象出现在第1跖骨,分布趋势为由骨体内侧中部及外侧中部,逐渐向骨体背侧底侧减小;②验证了所采用的第1跖骨、第2跖骨和拇趾近节趾骨轴线参考点的确定方法在有限元分析中的可实施性;③作用在第1拇趾远节趾骨外侧中部区域水平力对第1跖趾关节角的改变有直接影响,但并非线性影响;作用于足跖趾关节内侧囊处区域力主要影响第1-2跖骨间角大小;作用在跖骨近端内侧面水平力对两角度的影响都不大。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6839-9933 (唐智) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 拇外翻, 有限元模型, 生物力学分析, 第1跖趾关节角, 第1跖骨

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Finite element model construction and biomechanical analysis make it possible to explore the formation of hallux valgus and the recovery of related structures and functions.  
OBJECTIVE: To establish a finite element model of moderate hallux valgus foot in the neutral position with load to analyze the changes of the angle of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and the stress distribution of the corresponding bones under the action of external forces of different parts and sizes.
METHODS: One female volunteer with moderate hallux valgus was selected, and CT image data were collected. The computer 3D imaging technology was used to conduct 3D finite element modeling to verify the validity of the model, and standardize the measurement method of the angle of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and the angle between the first and second metatarsal. Variables were controlled and the force was changed in turn to observe the changes of the above two angles, and analyze the stress distribution of the first metatarsal and proximal phalanx.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) An effective finite element model of moderate hallux valgus foot was established, which showed that a large stress concentration appeared in the first metatarsal. The distribution trend was from the medial middle and lateral middle of the bone body, gradually decreasing towards the dorsal and basal sides of the bone. (2) The feasibility of the method for determining the axis reference point of the first metatarsal, the second metatarsal and the proximal phalanx of the great toe was verified in finite element analysis. (3) The horizontal force acting on the lateral middle area of the distal phalanx of the first great toe has a direct effect on the change of the first metatarsophalangeal angle, but it has no linear effect. The regional force acting on the medial capsule of the metatarsophalangeal joint mainly affects the size of the first-second metatarsophalangeal angle. The horizontal force acting on the medial surface of the proximal metatarsal has little effect on the two angles.

Key words: hallux valgus, finite element model, biomechanical analysis, first metatarsophalangeal angle, first metatarsal

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