中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (22): 3555-3560.doi: 10.12307/2023.316

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

内窥镜下微创颈椎管成形治疗脊髓线Ⅲ型颈椎病可明显改善颈椎曲度

凌晓明,张春霖,严  旭,邵成龙   

  1. 郑州大学第一附属医院骨科,河南省郑州市   450000
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-05 接受日期:2022-05-21 出版日期:2023-08-08 发布日期:2022-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 张春霖,博士,主任医师,教授,郑州大学第一附属医院骨科,河南省郑州市 450000
  • 作者简介:凌晓明,男,1995年生,福建省泉州市人,汉族,郑州大学在读硕士,主要从事脊柱微创外科的研究。

Cervical microendoscopic laminoplasty remarkably improves cervical curvature in the treatment of the spinal cord line type III cervical spondylotic myelopathy

Ling Xiaoming, Zhang Chunlin, Yan Xu, Shao Chenglong   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2022-03-05 Accepted:2022-05-21 Online:2023-08-08 Published:2022-11-02
  • Contact: Zhang Chunlin, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Ling Xiaoming, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:

摘要:


文题释义:

脊髓线(spinal cord line,SC线):通过颈椎后路开门节段上位椎体下终板的直线与脊髓前缘相交于A点,通过开门节段下位椎体上终板的直线与脊髓前缘相交于B点,A点与B点的连线即为脊髓线。致压物在脊髓线前方为Ⅰ型,致压物与脊髓线接触为Ⅱ型,致压物超过脊髓线为Ⅲ型。
颈椎Cobb角:指在颈椎侧位X射线片或MRI正中矢状面上,各作一条垂线垂直于过C2和C7下终板直线,这2条垂线的夹角即为颈椎Cobb角。
内窥镜下微创颈椎管成形术(cervical microinvasive endoscopic laminoplasty,CMEL):是一种可对称均匀扩大椎管改善脊髓功能、保留颈后方棘突韧带复合体等重要结构、远期减压槽能骨性愈合、椎管扩大后接近正常解剖生理状态的微创手术方法。

背景:大部分颈椎曲度变直或反弓的脊髓型颈椎病属于脊髓线分型Ⅲ型脊髓型颈椎病,既往文献报道颈椎后路单开门椎管成形术对于颈椎反弓的脊髓型颈椎病有满意的减压效果,但内镜下微创颈椎管成形术对脊髓线Ⅲ型脊髓型颈椎病的减压效果目前尚未见报道。
目的:分析内镜下微创颈椎管成形对脊髓线Ⅲ型脊髓型颈椎病减压效果及特点。
方法:回顾性分析2013年2月至2021年2月在郑州大学第一附属医院接受手术治疗的脊髓线Ⅲ脊髓型颈椎病患者40例,男性13例,女性27例,平均年龄51.6岁,平均病程16.2个月,平均随访时间18.3个月,共有脊髓线Ⅲ型突出颈椎间盘55个。应用PACS软件测量患者术前、末次随访颈椎MRI各项参数,比较患者术前、术后颈椎突出椎间盘体积、颈椎Cobb角及改良脊髓前方压迫程度评分。
结果与结论:①所有节段的脊髓线Ⅲ型脊髓型颈椎病均获得满意减压效果,患者改良脊髓前方压迫程度评分末次随访较术前减小(P < 0.05);患者突出椎间盘体积末次随访较术前减小(P < 0.05);患者末次随访颈椎Cobb角增大,颈椎曲度明显改善(P < 0.05);②结果说明,内镜下微创颈椎管成形术式对脊髓线Ⅲ型脊髓型颈椎病具有直接减压与间接减压作用,能诱导突出颈椎间盘发生广泛的突出椎间盘自然吸收现象并增加颈椎前凸曲度,可减少或避免脊髓线Ⅲ型脊髓型颈椎病患者前路切除突出的颈椎间盘,为临床治疗脊髓线Ⅲ型脊髓型颈椎病提供新的依据及策略。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8895-2978 (凌晓明)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: CMEL, 脊髓线Ⅲ脊髓型颈椎病, 颈椎微创, 颈椎病, 颈椎曲度

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Most cervical spondylotic myelopathy with cervical curvature straight or cervical kyphosis are spinal cord line type III cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Previous studies have reported that cervical expansive open-door laminoplasty could get satisfied decompression effect of cervical spondylotic myelopathy with curvature straight or cervical kyphosis, while there is no report about the spinal cord line type III cervical spondylotic myelopathy decompression effect of cervical microendoscopic laminoplasty.  
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the decompression effect and charactericstics of cervical microendoscopic laminoplasty on spinal cord line type III cervical spondylotic myelopathy.
METHODS: Totally 40 spinal cord line type III cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients (13 males, 27 females, average age of 51.6 years, average disease duration of 16.2 months, average follow-up time of 18.3 months, 55 spinal cord line type III cervical herniated discs) who underwent cervical microendoscopic laminoplasty in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February 2013 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. PACS software was utilized to measure the pre-operative and last follow-up cervical magnetic resonance imaging index of the patients. The pre-operative and last follow-up herniated discs volume, cervical Cobb angle and the improved anterior spinal cord compression degree score were compared.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All the spinal cord line type III cervical spondylotic myelopathy obtained satisfied decompression effect. The pre-operative improved anterior spinal cord compression degree score was lower than that at last follow-up (P < 0.05). The pre-operative herniated discs volume was smaller than that at the last follow-up (P < 0.05). The cervical Cobb angle increased and cervical curvature was significantly improved (P < 0.05). (2) The results suggested that cervical microendoscopic laminoplasty which had both direct and indirect decompression effect could induce cervical herniated discs to get extensive resorption of herniated nucleus pulposus phenomenon and increase cervical lordosis. The cervical microendoscopic laminoplasty can avoid or reduce anterior discectomy in spinal cord line type III cervical spondylotic myelopathy patients and provide new strategy and basis for clinical treatment of spinal cord line type III cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Key words: cervical microendoscopic laminoplasty, spinal cord line type III cervical spondylosis myelopathy, cervical minimally invasive, cervical spondylosis, cervical curvature

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