中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (27): 4393-4400.doi: 10.12307/2022.873

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

生物打印技术在组织工程气管领域的最新研究进展与应用

潘子寅1,2,3,卢  毅1,2,3,金李烨3,苏鼎文1,2,史宏灿1,2,3   

  1. 1扬州大学临床医学院胸心外科,江苏省扬州市  225001;2扬州大学转化医学研究中心,江苏省扬州市  225001;3江苏省中西医结合老年病防治重点实验室,江苏省扬州市  225001
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-08 接受日期:2021-04-15 出版日期:2022-09-28 发布日期:2022-03-12
  • 通讯作者: 史宏灿,主任医师,博士生导师,扬州大学临床医学院胸心外科,江苏省扬州市 225001;扬州大学转化医学研究中心,江苏省扬州市 225001;江苏省中西医结合老年病防治重点实验室,江苏省扬州市 225001
  • 作者简介:潘子寅,男,1998年生,江苏省苏州市人,汉族,主要从事组织工程气管与3D打印的结合应用研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81770018),项目负责人:史宏灿;江苏省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划(201911117016Z),项目负责人:潘子寅

Latest research progress and application of bio-printing technology in tracheal tissue engineering

Pan Ziyin1, 2, 3 , Lu Yi1, 2, 3, Jin Liye3, Su Dingwen1, 2, Shi Hongcan1, 2, 3   

  1. 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Translational Medicine Research Center of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China; 3Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2021-03-08 Accepted:2021-04-15 Online:2022-09-28 Published:2022-03-12
  • Contact: Shi Hongcan, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China; Translational Medicine Research Center of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Pan Ziyin, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China; Translational Medicine Research Center of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine in Geriatrics Control of Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81770018 (to SHC); the Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students in Jiangsu Province, No. 201911117016Z (to PZY)

摘要:

文题释义:
生物打印技术:使用活细胞、生物材料和生物分子来打印结构,3D、4D打印均包含在生物打印的范畴之内。3D打印也称增材制造技术或快速原型制作技术,通过自上而下的方法和计算机模型指导生产,借助受损组织的磁共振或数字图像获得数据,最终可以实现高精度复杂仿生结构的逐层构建。作为3D打印的延续体,4D打印赋予3D技术“动态”的理念,以预期的方式相应外部刺激,制造一个随时间变化的复杂自发结构。
生物墨水:一种适合通过自动化生物制造技术制造的,可能含有生物活性成分或生物材料的细胞配方。生物墨水可能包含不同环境和形式下的细胞,例如:单细胞、聚集成球的细胞、棒状细胞、组织或类器官中组织化的细胞、被很薄层的材料包被的细胞、接种在微载体上的细胞以及包裹在定制的胶体微环境中的细胞等。

背景:长段气管病变主要由感染、创伤、恶性肿瘤等因素引起,至今其临床治愈情况仍然无法令人满意。组织工程气管结合生物打印技术可为气管长段损伤修复提供有效治疗途径。
目的:综述生物打印技术在组织工程气管领域的应用与进展。
方法:以“tracheal tissue engineering,3D printing,4D printing,bio-inks,tracheal replacement therapy;组织工程气管,3D打印,4D打印,气管替代治疗”为关键词,应用计算机检索 CNKI、万方、PubMed 数据库中的相关文献。对3D打印技术及4D打印技术的特点、生物墨水的设计,以及在组织工程气管领域的应用研究进行总结,并分析现阶段研究存在的不足与未来的发展方向。
结果与结论:3D打印技术主要包括喷墨打印、挤出打印、立体光刻打印以及激光辅助打印,各技术都有其独特的优势,但仍有改进空间。生物墨水是生物打印的重要组成部分,主要包括水凝胶、脱细胞基质及无支架型生物墨水,生物墨水需要与生物打印技术相兼容,且打印产物应具有合适的孔隙率与较强的机械性能。4D打印作为一项新兴技术,赋予3D打印“动态与时间”的概念,且两者已被共同有针对性地深入应用在组织工程气管的上皮化、软骨再生、血运重建3个方面,重建物能够在生物打印技术的帮助下展现出更好的生物性能与生物相容性,不断地接近真正的临床应用。随着生物打印技术的不断发展进步和现代医学多学科的不断交叉互补,更多性能优良的生物墨水及适合人体的生物打印气管将被研发并逐渐应用于临床,从而早日解决气管长段缺损修复这一困扰世界的医学难题。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3497-982X (潘子寅) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 组织工程气管, 3D打印技术, 生物墨水, 水凝胶, 脱细胞基质, 4D打印技术, 生物打印技术, 气管重建, 再上皮化, 软骨再生, 血运重建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Long-segmental tracheal lesions are mainly caused by infection, trauma, malignant tumor and other factors, and still cannot obtain satisfactory clinical efficacy. Tracheal tissue engineering combined with bio-printing technology can provide an effective treatment approach for repair of long tracheal injuries.
OBJECTIVE: To review the application and progress of bio-printing technology in tracheal tissue engineering.
METHODS: Using the terms “tracheal tissue engineering, 3D printing, 4D printing, bio-inks, tracheal replacement therapy” as key words, relevant articles were searched in CNKI, Wanfang and PubMed databases. The classification of 3D printing technology, design of bio-ink, 4D printing technology and specific applications in tissue engineered trachea were reviewed, and the current deficiencies and future development direction were analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The 3D printing technologies applied to tracheal tissue engineering mainly include inkjet, extrusion, sterolithography-based and laser-assisted bio-printing. Each technology has its unique advantages, but still has room for improvement. Bio-inks are an important part of bio-printing, which mainly includes hydrogel, extracellular matrix and scaffold-free bio-ink. Bio-inks need to be compatible with bio-printing technologies, and the printed products need to have appropriate porosity and strong mechanical properties. 4D printing, as an emerging technology which endows 3D printing with the concept of “dynamic and time”, has been altogether applied to tissue-engineered trachea in three targeted regards: epithelialization, cartilage regeneration and revascularization. With the help of bio-printing technology, tracheal grafts can show better biological properties and biocompatibility, constantly moving close to the real clinical application. With the continuous development of bio-printing technology and cross-complementation of modern medical disciplines, more bio-inks and bio-printed tracheae which have excellent biological performance will be developed and gradually applied in clinical practice, so as to solve the medical problem of repairing long-segment trachea defects as early as possible, which bothers the patients throughout the world.

Key words: tracheal tissue engineering, 3D printing, bio-inks, hydrogels, extracellular matrix, 4D printing, bio-printing, tracheal reconstruction, epithelial regeneration, cartilage regeneration, revascularization

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