中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (15): 2454-2460.doi: 10.12307/2022.606

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    

整合性神经肌肉训练预防下肢运动损伤的元分析

翟海亭1，李  成1，夏吉祥1，魏宏文2，秦  爽3   

  1. 1海军航空大学，山东省烟台市   264000；2北京体育大学，北京市   100084；3湖南中医药大学，湖南省长沙市   410208
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-19 修回日期:2021-10-10 接受日期:2021-11-17 出版日期:2022-05-28 发布日期:2022-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 李成，硕士，教授，海军航空大学，山东省烟台市 264000 夏吉祥，硕士，副教授，海军航空大学，山东省烟台市 264000
  • 作者简介:翟海亭，男，1991年生，山东省济南市人， 2017年北京体育大学毕业，硕士，助教，主要从事军事体能与技能训练研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金一般项目(198TY104)，项目名称：以战斗力为导向的军队科学化体能训练实践应用研究

Integrative neuromuscular training for injury prevention of lower extremity in athletes: a meta-analysis

Zhai Haiting1, Li Cheng1, Xia Jixiang1, Wei Hongwen2, Qin Shuang3   

  1. 1Naval Aviation University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China; 2Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; 3Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2021-08-19 Revised:2021-10-10 Accepted:2021-11-17 Online:2022-05-28 Published:2022-01-07
  • Contact: Li Cheng, Master, Professor, Naval Aviation University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China Xia Jixiang, Master, Associate professor, Naval Aviation University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Zhai Haiting, Master, Teaching assistant, Naval Aviation University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the General Project of National Social Science Foundation, No. 198TY104

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摘要：

文题释义：
整合性神经肌肉训练：是一种综合性训练方法，内容涉及平衡稳定性训练、力量训练、灵敏训练、核心训练、有氧训练、快速伸缩复合训练中的一种或多种组合，也称为神经肌肉训练。
下肢运动损伤：是指运动者在训练或比赛中造成的损伤，包括：骨折、挫伤、扭伤、韧带伤等。

目的：利用元分析评价整合性神经肌肉训练预防运动员下肢运动损伤的效果，进一步提出整合性神经肌肉训练预防下肢运动损伤的最佳训练方案。
方法：在中国知网、万方数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、The Cochrane Library等数据库检索整合性神经肌肉训练对下肢运动损伤影响的文献，中文检索词为“整合性神经肌肉训练、神经肌肉训练、神经肌肉热身、预防、减少、运动损伤、下肢损伤”；英文检索词为“Integrative neuromuscular training、Neuromuscular training、Neuromuscular Warm-up、neuromuscular、 prevent、reduces、lower limb injuries、Injury、sport injuries”，检索时间范围2000-01-01/2021-06-20。采用Review Manage 5.3对纳入文献进行元分析，对运动时间、运动频率、运动周期、样本量、性别5个变量进行亚组分析。采用随机效应模型合并整体效应量，对各研究的异质性、发表偏倚进行检验。
结果：纳入14篇随机对照(RCT)文献，共计15 932例受试者。①元分析显示整合性神经肌肉训练可以减少39%下肢运动损伤的风险比值(RR=0.61，95% CI：0.53-0.69)；②亚组分析发现每次运动时间16-20 min的效果最好，运动频率在2-3次/周的效应量最明显，相比与其他周期，运动周期4-6个月的整合性神经肌肉训练预防效果最佳；③整合性神经肌肉训练对样本量控制在50-1 000例，效应量较明显；④整合性神经肌肉训练预防男性下肢运动损伤效应量较明显。
结论：①整合性神经肌肉训练可以有效预防运动员下肢运动损伤，受试者所在国家区域可以解释研究间的异质性；②进行运动时间为16-20 min，2-3次/周，运动周期4-6个月的整合性神经肌肉训练方案可以达到最优的预防效果。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6048-6135 (翟海亭) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程

关键词: 整合性神经肌肉训练, 预防下肢损伤, 元分析, 运动员, 训练方案

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of integrative neuromuscular training for injury prevention of lower extremity in athletes using meta-analysis method, to provide the optimal dose-response of integrative neuromuscular training to prevent injuries in athletes. 
METHODS: CNKI, WanFang, PubMed, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library databases were searched for articles regarding effect of integrative neuromuscular training for injury prevention of lower extremity published from January 1, 2000 to June 20, 2021. The key words were “integrative neuromuscular training, neuromuscular training, neuromuscular warm-up, prevent, reduce, sports injury, lower limb injury” in Chinese, and “integrative neuromuscular training, neuromuscular training, neuromuscular warm-up, neuromuscular, prevent, reduces, lower limb injuries, injury, sport injuries” in English. The Review Manage 5.3 software was used to analyze the included articles. Subgroup analysis was performed in five variables, including training volume, frequency per week, period, sample size, and gender. Random effects model and global effect size were utilized to examine the heterogeneity and publication bias. 
RESULTS: Totally 14 randomized controlled trials were included, with 15 932 subjects. (1) Meta-analysis results showed an overall risk reduction of 39% for the lower limbs (RR=0.61, 95% CI:0.53-0.69). (2) Subgroup analysis found that training volume of 16-20 minutes, training frequencies of 2-3 times per week, interventions for 4-6 months revealed the largest risk reduction. (3) The sample size of 50-1 000 produced better effects comparable to those with larger sample size. (4) Integrative neuromuscular training had a significant effect on the prevention of lower limb sports injury in males. 
CONCLUSION: (1) Integrative neuromuscular training can effectively prevent athletes' lower limb sports injuries. Heterogeneity between articles can be explained by the country of origin of the subjects. (2) Integrative neuromuscular training with exercise volume of 16-20 minutes, 2-3 times per week for 4-6 months can achieve the optimal preventive effect.

Key words: integrative neuromuscular training, prevention of lower extremity injury, meta-analysis, athlete, training program

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