中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (15): 2297-2301.doi: 10.12307/2022.579

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics •    下一篇

三周期极小化曲面单元结构骨小梁假体的生物力学性能

刘庆波1,2,苏知杨2,王恒峰2,赵  宇2,吕  嘉3   

  1. 1大理大学临床学院,云南省大理市   671000;2云南省大理州祥云县人民医院,云南省大理市   671000;3山西医科大学第二医院,山西省太原市   030000
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-24 修回日期:2020-03-03 接受日期:2021-10-11 出版日期:2022-05-28 发布日期:2022-01-05
  • 通讯作者: 吕嘉,博士,副主任医师,山西医科大学第二医院,山西省太原市 030000
  • 作者简介:刘庆波,男,1980年生,云南省大理市人,汉族,2004年昆明医学院毕业,主治医师,主要从事骨科创伤、关节置换方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81902273),课题名称:孔隙结构在3D打印多孔钛合金骨整合过程中的机制研究,项目负责人:吕嘉

Biomechanical properties of trabecular bone prosthesis with triply periodic minimal surfaces unit structure

Liu Qingbo1, 2, Su Zhiyang2, Wang Hengfeng2, Zhao Yu2, Lyu Jia3   

  1. 1College of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China; 2People’s Hospital of Xiangyun County, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China; 3Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2019-12-24 Revised:2020-03-03 Accepted:2021-10-11 Online:2022-05-28 Published:2022-01-05
  • Contact: Lyu Jia, MD, Associate chief physician, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Liu Qingbo, Attending physician, College of Clinical Medicine, Dali University, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China; People’s Hospital of XiangYun County, Dali 671000, Yunnan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China , No. 81902273 (to LJ)

摘要:

文题释义:
弹性模量:是指单向应力状态下应力除以该方向的应变;材料在弹性变形阶段,其应力和应变成正比例关系(即符合胡克定律),其比例系数称为弹性模量。医学中弹性模量的改变,一是材料属性的改变、二是结构属性的改变。对于植入物,相同材料不同结构下,弹性模量不同;同种结构不同材料,弹性模量不同。弹性模量是评价植入物生物力学的重要参数之一。
三周期极小化曲面:是一种在3个方向上均呈周期性变化的极小曲面,具有高连通性及几何参数易控等优点。该曲面的一个主要优点是曲面上任意一点的平均曲率均为零,它可以在3个独立方向上无限周期地扩展,能近似地模拟和表达许多复杂的物理结构,并能用简单数学表达式来表示这些复杂的物理结构,曲面结构的植入物比表面积大,更适宜细胞的黏附、生长。

背景:3D打印骨小梁结构是新兴技术之一,其特有的结构和生物力学特性满足更多患者的临床需求,是未来精准医学的发展方向之一,但这一技术目前仍处于初步应用阶段,理论应用研究较少。
目的:建立基于三周期极小化曲面单元结构的骨小梁假体生物力学有限元模型,分析不同曲面结构的生物力学性能差异。
方法:以Matable软件根据函数公式生成曲面片结构,然后应用Magics 19.0设计三周期极小化曲面单元结构骨小梁假体,并在ABAQUS划分四面体网格,模拟人体站立状态下的受力环境。分析应力分布与位移,比较在宿主环境下的生物力学差异。
结果与结论:①S曲面结构、D曲面结构、G曲面结构因孔隙率差异不大,生物力学差异不明显,相较于传统结构有明显改变,生物力学性能更优;②多孔结构的空隙率决定了假体的生物力学性能;③多孔结构假体的复合层出现层间结合容易出现应力突变现象;④多孔结构假体会明显减少植入体与宿主骨之间产生严重的应力遮挡效应。
缩略语:三周期极小化曲面:triply periodic minimalsurfaces,TPMS

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1635-0518 (刘庆波) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨小梁, 3D打印, 三周期极小化曲面, 生物力学, 有限元分析

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional printed trabecular bone structure is one of the emerging technologies, and the unique structural and biomechanical properties can meet the clinical needs of more patients, which has become one of the development directions of precision medicine in the future. However, application of this technology is still in its preliminary stage and little is reported on its theoretical application.  
OBJECTIVE: To establish a biomechanical finite element model of trabecular bone prosthesis based on triply periodic minimal surfaces unit structure, and to analyze the biomechanical differential properties of different curved surface structures.
METHODS:  The curved sheet structure was generated according to the function formula in Matable software, and then trabecular bone prosthesis with the triply periodic minimal surfaces unit structure was designed by Magics 19.0. The tetrahedral mesh was divided in ABAQUS to simulate the stress environment of the human body in standing position. The stress distribution and displacement were analyzed and the biomechanical differences in the host environment were compared.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: S, D and G curved surface structures had no significant difference in porosity and biomechanical performance. Compared with the traditional structures, they had obvious changes and better biomechanical properties. The porosity of porous structure determined the biomechanical properties of the prosthesis. The composite layer of the porous prosthesis had interlayer bonding, which was prone to stress mutation. The porous structure could greatly reduce the severe stress shielding effect between the implant and the host bone.

Key words: trabecular bone structure, three-dimensional printing, triply periodic minimal surfaces, biomechanics, finite element analysis

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