中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (15): 2446-2453.doi: 10.12307/2022.605

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

脾酪氨酸激酶在骨重塑中的作用

陈艺元,杨  倩,吴赛璇,张  咪,董  明,刘婷姣,牛卫东   

  1. 大连医科大学口腔医学院,辽宁省大连市   116041
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-17 修回日期:2021-04-20 接受日期:2021-05-27 出版日期:2022-05-28 发布日期:2022-01-07
  • 通讯作者: 牛卫东,博士,教授,大连医科大学口腔医学院,辽宁省大连市 116041
  • 作者简介:陈艺元,女,1996年生,辽宁省营口市人,汉族,大连医科大学在读硕士。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82073001),项目负责人:刘婷姣;辽宁省教育厅自然科学基础研究项目(LZ2019038),项目负责人:牛卫东

The role of spleen tyrosine kinase in bone remodeling

Chen Yiyuan, Yang Qian, Wu Saixuan, Zhang Mi, Dong Ming, Liu Tingjiao, Niu Weidong   

  1. School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2021-04-17 Revised:2021-04-20 Accepted:2021-05-27 Online:2022-05-28 Published:2022-01-07
  • Contact: Niu Weidong, MD, Professor, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Chen Yiyuan, Master candidate, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82073001 (to LTJ); the Natural Science Basic Research Project of Education Department of Liaoning Province, No. LZ2019038 (to NWD)

摘要:

文题释义:
脾酪氨酸激酶:即Syk,是一种非受体型酪氨酸激酶,主要位于细胞质中,也存在于细胞核中,由3个串联的Src同源性2(SH2)结构域和一个C-末端酪氨酸激酶结构域组成,在细胞的形态发生、生长、迁移和存活中起着关键作用。
骨重塑:是通过更新骨来维持机械强度和矿物质平衡的过程,包括不断去除离散的旧骨,新合成的蛋白质基质取代这些旧骨并矿化形成新骨。重塑过程吸收旧骨并形成新骨,防止微损伤的积累。

背景:最初研究认为脾酪氨酸激酶仅是一种造血细胞特异性激酶,参与多种造血细胞反应和免疫受体的信号传递。近年来研究表明,脾酪氨酸激酶及其信号通路与骨重塑密切相关,并且脾酪氨酸激酶抑制剂对骨的作用也受到了广泛的关注。
目的:综述脾酪氨酸激酶及其信号通路在骨重塑中的作用,为骨修复及临床治疗提供思路。
方法:检索中国知网和PubMed数据库收录的相关文献。中文检索词为“脾酪氨酸激酶、骨、破骨细胞、成骨细胞、抑制剂”,英文检索词为“Syk,bone,osteoclast,osteoblast,inhibitor”,最终纳入68篇文献进行归纳总结。
结果与结论:①脾酪氨酸激酶在破骨细胞和成骨细胞等非造血细胞中广泛表达,在细胞的形态发生、生长、迁移和存活中起着关键作用。②骨通过成骨细胞协同的骨基质形成和矿化以及破骨细胞的矿化骨基质降解不断地进行重塑,这对维持正常的骨结构和功能至关重要。③脾酪氨酸激酶及其信号通路在骨重塑过程中促进破骨细胞分化,抑制成骨细胞分化,进而促进骨重塑的发生发展。④脾酪氨酸激酶抑制剂可改善骨性和炎性疾病的症状,特别是在疾病的侵袭性和破坏性阶段。⑤目前脾酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的研究方向主要为自身免疫与炎症,在骨及骨性疾病方面的研究仍需深入探索,同时提高脾酪氨酸激酶抑制剂的选择性也是今后研究的重点。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3663-1579 (陈艺元) ;https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8880-1301 (牛卫东) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 骨重塑, 脾酪氨酸激酶, 破骨细胞, 成骨细胞, 细胞分化, 信号通路, 抑制剂

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) was initially thought to be a hematopoietic cell-specific kinase involved in a variety of hematopoietic cell responses and immune receptor signal transmission. In recent years, studies have shown that Syk and its signaling pathway are closely related to bone remodeling, and the effect and mechanism of Syk inhibitors on bone tissue have also received extensive attention.
OBJECTIVE: To review the role of Syk and its signaling pathway in bone remodeling, thereby providing ideas for bone repair and clinical treatment.
METHODS: We searched the relevant articles in CNKI and PubMed databases with the keywords of “Syk, bone, osteoclast, osteoblast, inhibitor” in Chinese and English, respectively. Finally, 68 articles met the criteria for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Syk is widely expressed in non-hematopoietic cells such as osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and plays a key role in cell morphogenesis, growth, migration and survival. Bone is constantly remodeled through osteoblast-mediated bone matrix formation and mineralization as well as osteoclast-mediated mineralized bone matrix degradation, which is essential for maintaining normal bone structure and function. Syk and its signaling pathway promote osteoclast differentiation and inhibit osteoblast differentiation in the process of bone remodeling. Finally, they promote the occurrence and development of bone remodeling. Syk inhibitors can improve the symptoms of bone and inflammatory diseases, especially in the aggressive and destructive stages of these diseases. Current research on Syk inhibitors is mainly focused on autoimmune and inflammation, and further exploration in bone and bone diseases is still warranted. Moreover, improving the selectivity of Syk inhibitors is also the focus of future research.

Key words: bone, bone remodeling, spleen tyrosine kinase, osteoclast, osteoblast, cell differentiation, signaling pathway, inhibitor

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