中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (29): 4703-4708.doi: 10.12307/2021.172

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

组织工程技术治疗骨缺损:应用于临床还有多远?

秦宇星1,任前贵2,沈佩锋2,王浩宇1   

  1. 1内蒙古医科大学,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市  010000;2内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市  010030
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-19 修回日期:2020-10-22 接受日期:2020-11-11 出版日期:2021-10-18 发布日期:2021-07-22
  • 通讯作者: 任前贵,硕士,主任医师,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院急诊科,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010030
  • 作者简介:秦宇星,男,1996年生,内蒙古自治区巴彦淖尔市人,汉族,内蒙古医科大学在读硕士(骨外科) ,医师,主要从事骨缺损的相关研究。

Tissue engineering technology for treating bone defects: how far is it from bench to bed?

Qin Yuxing1, Ren Qiangui2, Shen Peifeng2, Wang Haoyu1   

  1. 1Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2020-10-19 Revised:2020-10-22 Accepted:2020-11-11 Online:2021-10-18 Published:2021-07-22
  • Contact: Ren Qiangui, Master, Chief physician, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Qin Yuxing, Master candidate, physician, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

文题释义:
细胞因子:是由细胞产生的具有某些生物活性的蛋白质,细胞因子通过与特定受体结合来调节细胞的增殖分化以及免疫应答,可分为白细胞介素、集落刺激因子、干扰素、生长因子、肿瘤坏死因子等。
种子细胞:使用组织工程技术再造组织或器官时使用的所有细胞都被称为种子细胞,其具备旺盛的增殖、诱导分化以及连续传代的能力,对受体无免疫排斥反应。

背景:骨缺损治疗一直都是世界性的难题,而传统骨缺损治疗技术大都存在一定的缺陷,无法满足患者需求。组织工程的出现有着强有力的理论支持,仿佛可为广大骨缺损患者带来福音,但其仍没有广泛应用于临床,或许遭遇了瓶颈和难点。
目的:从组织工程三要素角度分别探讨组织工程在骨缺损方面的研究进展,并对目前组织工程存在的问题进行总结和探讨,着重总结组织工程快速血管化的研究进展。
方法:作者以“组织工程,支架材料,种子细胞,生长因子”为中文关键词,以“tissue engineering,scaffold materials,seed cells,growth factor”为英文检索词,检索CNKI、CBM、PQDD和PubMed数据库2000至2020年的相关文献,共检索到180篇文献,并通过对题目、摘要和文献部分内容进行阅读,排除过时、结论模糊、重复的文献,纳入符合标准的36篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:①组织工程骨技术通过模拟体内骨组织生长过程来治疗骨缺损,在理论上是可行的,种子细胞、支架材料、细胞因子这三要素方面得到了长足的发展,基本可以满足患者及医生需求,但组织工程未广泛在临床推广,或许是早期血管未快速建立的问题;②通过研究分析新血管形成过程和总结早期血管化快速建立的方法,作者设想采用内皮祖细胞与骨髓间充质干细胞共培养复合支架材料,支架采用计算机辅助设备设计合适的孔隙率,模拟体内微环境,构建细胞发挥正常功能的空间,血管可以在适当的孔隙生长,有望解决早期血管化问题。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-0771 (秦宇星) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 骨缺损, 组织工程, 支架材料, 种子细胞, 生长因子, 血管化

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatments for bone defects have always been a global problem, and there are certain drawbacks in most of traditional treatment technologies that cannot meet the demand of patients. The emergence of tissue engineering has a strong theoretical support, and brings a hope for the majority of bone defect patients. However, this technology cannot yet be widely used in the clinical practice, which may encounter the bottleneck and difficulty.
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the research progress in tissue engineering for treating bone defect from the three aspects and to summarize the existing problems in tissue engineering, with emphasis on the rapid vascularization in tissue engineering.
METHODS: CNKI, CM, PQDD, and PubMed were searched for relevant literatures published from 2000 to 2020 using the keywords of “tissue engineering, scaffold materials, seed cells, growth factor” in Chinese and English, respectively. A total of 180 related literatures were initially retrieved, and only 36 articles were included for review, after excluding outdated, ambiguous, and repetitive literatures through reading the titles, abstracts and the contents.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Bone tissue engineering technology is used to treat bone defects by simulating the bone tissue growth. Theoretically, the three elements of tissue engineering technology, including seed cells, scaffold materials, cytokines, have been greatly developed, which can basically meet the demand of patients and doctors. However, early-stage rapid vascularization maybe limits the popularization of tissue engineering in clinical practice. By analyzing the formation of new blood vessels and summarizing the methods for early-stage rapid vascularization, we intend to establish a composite scaffold by co-culture of endothelial progenitor cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The scaffold with appropriate porosity can simulate the in vivo microenvironment, and build a space for cells to function normally and for blood vessels to grow in appropriate pores, which is expected to solve the problem regarding early vascularization.


Key words: bone defects, tissue engineering, scaffold materials, seed cells, growth factor, vascularization 

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