中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (6): 856-861.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2448

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

关节镜Bristow-Latarjet术中打内固定骨道时CT定位肩胛上神经的应用价值

袁胜超1,谭志超1,林馥纯1,杜二珠1,郭金华2,杨  春2   

  1. 1东莞市中医院,广东省东莞市  523000;2广东医科大学东莞校区,广东省东莞市  523808
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-24 修回日期:2019-07-26 接受日期:2019-08-23 出版日期:2020-02-28 发布日期:2020-01-17
  • 通讯作者: 杨春,博士,副教授,广东医科大学东莞校区,广东省东莞市 523808
  • 作者简介:袁胜超,男,1984年生,广东省东莞市人,汉族,2011年广州中医药大学毕业,硕士,主治中医师,主要从事骨与关节方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    东莞市社会科技发展(重点)项目(201750715002435)

CT localization on suprascapular nerve and clinical application value in arthroscopic Bristow-Latarjet

Yuan Shengchao1, Tan Zhichao1, Lin Fuchun1, Du Erzhu1, Guo Jinhua2, Yang Chun2   

  1. 1Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong Province, China; 2Dongguan Campus of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2019-07-24 Revised:2019-07-26 Accepted:2019-08-23 Online:2020-02-28 Published:2020-01-17
  • Contact: Yang Chun, MD, Associate professor, Dongguan Campus of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Yuan Shengchao, Master, Attending physician, Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Social Science and Technology Development Project of Dongguan (Major Project) No. 201750715002435

摘要:

文题释义:
Bristow-Latarjet术:是带有联合腱的喙突骨块,穿过被横断的肩胛下肌腱后,固定于肩盂前缘,是治疗复发性肩关节前脱位的有效方法。神经损伤是该术式常见并发症。
肩胛上神经:在肩胛盂上方穿过肩胛上横韧带与肩胛切迹组成的纤维骨性通道即肩胛上孔,进入冈上窝。肩胛上神经的冈上窝段紧贴着冈上肌深面向外下走行,穿过肩胛下孔(由冈盂切迹和连于肩峰根部及肩胛骨背面的肩胛下韧带构成)并绕着冈盂切迹向内下而到冈下窝,发出分支支配冈下肌。

背景:Bristow-Latarjet术是治疗复发性肩关节前脱位的可靠方法。然而据报道,其中1.6%的患者伴有神经损伤。因此全关节镜Latarjet术式越来越受欢迎,由于外科医生不能触诊神经,神经的定位和保护变得困难。

目的:研究肩胛上神经在肩胛颈后上方的CT定位,提高对Bristow-Latarjet术临床操作安全范围的认知。

方法:选用经甲醛常规固定的成年尸体上肢标本12侧,男8侧,女4侧,实验方案符合东莞市中医院对研究的相关伦理要求。解剖并使用显影线标记12侧标本肩胛上神经的主干和分支,CT水平位上测量肩胛上孔、冈盂切迹、最外侧神经分支入肌点3个位置在肩关节内旋45°和外旋45°体位时到肩胛盂前后缘连线的距离、成角以及与肩胛盂的高度比,所得数据进行统计学处理。

结果与结论:①Pearson 相关性分析:盂的高度分别与冈盂切迹、入肌点到关节面的距离呈正相关;②内旋45°与外旋45°两个体位比较:肩胛上孔处的距离和成角度数差异无显著性(P均> 0.05);冈盂切迹处的距离和成角差异有显著性意义(P均< 0.01),高度比差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);入肌点处的距离、成角和高度比差异均有显著性意义(P均< 0.01),表明与内旋位相比,外旋位具有更大的角度和距离的安全范围;③内外旋45°位时,冈盂切迹处与入肌点处的角度、距离、高度比差异均有显著性意义(P均< 0.01),表明相比冈盂切迹,入肌点与关节面的角度更小、距离更短,相对盂的高度比更大;④提示关节镜下Bristow-Laterjet术打内固定骨道时建议外旋位操作,以减少神经损伤的发生概率。

ORCID: 0000-0002-6828-042X(袁胜超)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 肩胛上神经, CT定位, Bristow-Latarjet术, 内固定, 神经损伤, 并发症

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The Bristow-Latarjet technique is a reliable treatment for recurrent anterior shoulder instability. However, it as been reported 1.6% of patients suffering nerve injury. Thereafter, the all-arthroscopic Latarjet procedure has been gaining popularity, but the surgeon is unable to palpate the nerves, and their localization, so protection is a difficulty.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the CT localization of suprascapular nerve on the posterosuperior scapular neck, and to improve the safety and quality in Bristow-Latarjet surgery.

METHODS: This study was carried out on 12 normal formalin fixed adult cadaveric upper limb specimens (8 males and 4 females). The study was in accordance with the ethical requirements of Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The nerve trunk and branches were marked with developing lines to examine the position and course of nerve on the posterosuperior scapular neck. CT localization was used to measure the distance, angle and height ratio to glenoid from the superior pole of scapula, spinoglenoid notch, the entry point of outermost nerve branch to anterior and posterior margin of the glenoid, through internally and externally rotating 45 degrees of should joints. The data were statistically analyzed.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Pearson correlation analysis: the height of glenoid was positively correlated with the distance from the spinoglenoid notch and entrance point to the articular surface. (2) Comparison between internal and external rotation 45 degrees: distance of superior pole of scapula and angles showed no significant difference (all P > 0.05). There were significant differences in the distance and angle in the spinoglenoid notch (all P < 0.01), but height ratio was not significantly different (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in distance, angle, and height ratio at entrance point (all P < 0.01), suggesting that external rotation had larger angle and safer range of distance than internal rotation. (3) In the position of internal and external rotation 45 degrees, the distance, angle and height ratio of spinoglenoid notch and entrance point showed significant differences (P < 0.01), indicating that compared with spinoglenoid notch, the angle between entrance point and articular surface was smaller, the distance from entrance point to articular surface was shorter, and the height ratio was higher. (4) Therefore, external rotation is recommended in the case of internal fixation of the bony tunnel for the posterior glenoid so as to reduce the incidence of nerve injury.

Key words: suprascapular nerve, CT Localization, Bristow-Latarjet, internal fixation, nerve injury, complications

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