中国组织工程研究 ›› 2018, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (9): 1382-1388.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0468

• 脐带脐血干细胞 umbilical cord blood stem cells • 上一篇    下一篇

人脐带间充质干细胞来源外泌体提取方法的比较

郭 莹1,王秀伟2,牛玉虎3,王 莉1,周 楠4,李佰一1,王振东1,张 蘋1,高亚杰1,牛 勃3   

  1. 1山西医科大学基础医学院,山西省太原市 030001;2首都儿科研究所,北京市 100020;山西医科大学,3生物化学与分子生物学教研室,4解剖教研室,山西省太原市 030001
  • 修回日期:2017-10-13 出版日期:2018-03-28 发布日期:2018-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 牛勃,教授,博士生导师,山西医科大学生物化学与分子生物学教研室,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:郭莹,女,1993年生,山西省临汾市人,汉族,山西医科大学在读硕士,主要从事干细胞治疗研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(81370312);海南省自然科学基金(812180);三亚市医疗卫生科技创新项目(2014 YW01)

Comparison of exosome extracting methods from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells

Guo Ying1, Wang Xiu-wei2, Niu Yu-hu3, Wang Li1, Zhou Nan4, Li Bai-yi1, Wang Zhen-dong1, Zhang Pin1, Gao Ya-jie1, Niu Bo3   

  1. 1School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; 2Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China; 3Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 4Department of Anatomy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Revised:2017-10-13 Online:2018-03-28 Published:2018-04-03
  • Contact: Niu Bo, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Guo Ying, Master candidate, School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81370312; the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province, No. 812180; the Scientific Innovation Project for Medical Treatment and Public Health in Sanya City, No. 2014 YW01

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
外泌体:
是由多种细胞分泌的直径在30-100 nm的亚细胞微泡结构,具有其来源细胞的基本生物学特性。较干细胞而言,外泌体具有易于保存、生物学特性稳定等优点,其在干细胞替代疗法中起到了很重要的作用。现阶段关于外泌体的提取方法有超速离心法、试剂盒法、密度梯度离心法等,但仍没有统一的标准,因此筛选出最优的提取方法是目前急需解决的问题。
外泌体的生物学特性:①异质性,主要表现在物理性质上,因其粒径、密度、沉降系数不同于其他细胞分泌的囊泡而得以分离与鉴定;②靶向性,外泌体的分泌方式是由内吞小体出泡排出体外,此分泌方式也决定了其在细胞信息传递中的作用,目前国内外研究发现其较易与邻近细胞的细胞膜发生融合,被认为是一种介导细胞间信息传递的重要“内分泌”机制,而且其通路是特定的;③稳定性,主要依靠其表面的脂质层,可以保护其不被破坏。

 

摘要
背景:
近年来“无细胞”的干细胞治疗方法备受关注,但对于提取高质量外泌体的方法尚无确切定论。
目的:采用3种方法提取人脐带间充质干细胞中的外泌体,筛选最佳提取外泌体的方法。
方法:分别用Total Exosome Isolation试剂盒、Exo Quick试剂盒及差速超速离心法提取人脐带间充质干细胞来源的外泌体。使用透射电镜观察外泌体形态,BCA法进行蛋白质定量,western blot检测外泌体表面标志物CD9、CD81、CD63的表达。
结果与结论:①3种方法均可以从培养基中提取到间充质干细胞来源的外泌体,并且在透射电镜下观察到圆形或椭圆形的膜性小囊泡;②差速超速离心法提取的外泌体中的蛋白浓度和纯度最高,Exo Quick试剂盒法其次,Total Exosome Isolation试剂盒法得到的蛋白浓度最低,且3者比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③3种方法提取的外泌体均表达其表面特异性标志物 CD81、CD63和CD9,且在含有相同蛋白浓度的情况下,差速超速离心法提取的外泌体的表面标志物含量最高,Exo Quick试剂盒法其次,Total Exosome Isolation试剂盒法提取的外泌体表面标志物含量较低;④差速超速离心法和Total Exosome Isolation试剂盒法的操作时间明显多于Exo Quick试剂盒法,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);⑤结果表明,尽管差速超速离心法耗时稍长,但是纯度相对较高,满足实验的基本需求,可作为一种合理的分离方法。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0002-1837-3521(郭莹)

关键词: 外泌体, 提取方法, 培养基, 干细胞, Exo Quic-TC试剂盒法, 差速超速离心法, Total Exosome Isolation试剂盒法, 人脐带间充质干细胞, 干细胞治疗, “无细胞”替代疗法, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Cell-free stem cell therapy has been an issue of concern, but there is no conclusion on how to extract high-quality exosomes.
OBJECTIVE: To extract exosomes from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells by using three different methods, and then to screen the optimal method.
METHODS: Exosomes were extracted from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells by using the Total Exosome Isolation test kit, Exo Quick test kit and differential ultracentrifugation method, respectively. Then, transmission electron microscopy was used for morphological observations, BCA was utilized to quantify the protein, and western blot assay was applied to detect surface markers CD9, CD81 and CD63.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Extraction of exosomes was completed by all the three methods, and round or oval membranous vesicles were observed under the transmission electron microscope. The protein content and purity of exosomes was highest in the differential ultracentrifugation group, followed by the Exobiology Quick kit group, and lowest in the Total Exosome Isolation kit group, and there were significant differences among the three groups (P < 0.05). Under the same protein concentration, surface specific markers, CD81, CD63 and CD9, were expressed highest in the differential ultracentrifugation group, followed by the Exobiology Quick kit group, and lowest in the Total Exosome Isolation kit group. The operating time was significantly lower in the Exobiology Quick kit group compared with the other two groups (P < 0.05). To conclude, despite a longer operating time, the differential ultracentrifugation method is a rational method to extract enough exosomes with relative high purity. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

Key words: Exosomes, Umbilical Cord, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering

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