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19 February 2016, Volume 20 Issue 8 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Percutaneous vertebroplasty with high-viscosity bone cement treats Kümmell disease Zhang Liang, Feng Xin-min, Wang Jing-cheng, Tao Yu-ping, Yang Jian-dong, Zhang Sheng-fei, Huang Ji-jun, Cai Jun, Zhang Zhi-qiang 2016, 20 (8):  1069-1074.  doi: 10.3969/j.Issn.2095-4344.2016.08.001 Abstract ( 335 )   PDF (466KB) ( 494 )   Save BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebroplasty has been gradually used to treat Kümmell disease because of less trauma and quick pain relief, but there is still a high rate of bone cement leakage. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty with high-viscosity bone cement plus hyperextension position reset for treatment of Kümmell’s disease. METHODS: The clinical data of 17 patients with Kümmell’s disease were retrospectively analyzed, including 5 males and 12 females, aged 55-83 years, and all underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty with high-viscosity bone cement plus hyperextension position reset. The visual analog scale, Oswestry disability index score, vertebral body height and vertebral kyphosis angle were determined. The bone cement leakage, pulmonary embolism, adjacent vertebral fractures and other complications were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At the 12th month of follow-up, the visual analog scale scores, Oswestry disability index scores and vertebral kyphosis angle of patients were significantly lower than those before treatment  (P < 0.05), the vertebral body height was significantly higher than that before treatment (P < 0.05). After treatment, there were three cases of bone cement leakage, which had no special discomfort and neurological symptoms, and one case of new fractures. These results demonstrate that hyperextension position reset combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty with high-viscosity bone cement in treatment of Kümmell’s disease can effectively relieve back pain, improve function of the lower back, partially restore vertebral height and reduce kyphosis angle.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程   Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with hydroxyapatite/ tricalcium phosphate complex in the spinal fusion Yan Wei, Yang Li, Ling Mei, Gan Jia-liang 2016, 20 (8):  1075-1080.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.002 Abstract ( 314 )   PDF (523KB) ( 472 )   Save BACKGROUND: The use of bone graft materials can promote bone fusion and enhance the stability of the spine during the spinal fusion. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with hydroxyapatite/ tricalcium phosphate in the spinal fusion. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 64 patients with spinal fusion was carried out, and these patients were divided into two groups (n=32 per group): control group undergoing autogenous iliac bone grafting and observation group undergoing autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate. All patients were followed up for 12 months, and their recovery conditions about low back pain, spinal fusion and vertebral reset were assessed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The low-back outcome scale scores and excellent rate, Lenke grading and Cobb angle had insignificant differences between the two groups after treatment (P > 0.05). No infection, inflammation and skin irritation occurred in the two groups. The coagulation function, renal function and inflammatory factor levels were at normal levels in all the patients, and there was no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate can achieve clinical outcomes equivalent to the autologous iliac bone grafting.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程   Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Primary loading causes bone cement-stem interface debonding injury Zhang Lan-feng, Ge Shi-rong, Liu Hong-tao, Guo Kai-jin 2016, 20 (8):  1081-1088.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.003 Abstract ( 381 )   PDF (730KB) ( 623 )   Save BACKGROUND: The main reason for the postoperative loosening of cemented prosthesis is interfacial debonding and bone cement internal damage. Most studies have suggested that both of them occur in the process of fatigue damage, however, little is reported on primary loading that results in the initial damage to the bone cement-stem interface and inside of bone cement. OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanical properties of bone cement-stem interface, and the effect of crack formation in bone cement on interfacial loosening. METHODS: The cement-titanium alloy handle implant components were prepared. The maximum adhesive force of bone cement-stem interface was measured using push-in experiment. The cement damage and crack in the process of bone cement-handle interfacial debonding were monitored online using acoustic emission tester. The non-destructive testing on the metal surface and the inner layer of bone cement cylinder was conducted using three-dimensional surface profiler, ultrasonic microscopy and X-ray detector.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The online monitoring results of debonding experiment and acoustic emission tester demonstrated that the initial damage of bone cement initiated in the primary loading of patients after operation, rather than at fatigue damage stage. Bone cement coffin caused cracks initiation mainly due to the combination effect of radial and axial stress. The bone cement-stem interfacial shear lag effect could not prevent the gradual extension of interface and inner coffin crack from top to bottom. The bone cement defects formed in solidification process was likely to affect the mechanical properties of the material, and eventually induced the crystal face and macromolecular chain fractures, forming silver striated cracks and leading component failure.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bacterial adhesion of zirconia ceramics versus nickel chromium alloy as oral materials Han Yue-hong, Cheng Zhi-yuan, Wang Ming-de 2016, 20 (8):  1089-1094.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.004 Abstract ( 538 )   PDF (548KB) ( 511 )   Save BACKGROUND: Experimental and clinical experiences show that the surface roughness of dental restoration materials directly affects bacterial adhesion; in addition, the material composition and physicochemical properties are also important influencing factors. OBJECTIVE: To compare the bacterial adhesion of zirconia ceramics and nickel chromium alloy as oral materials. METHODS: Zirconia ceramics and nickel chromium alloy were respectively cut into 10 pieces of 3. 0 cm ×3.0 cm×0. 2 cm plate specimens. For each material, five pieces were subjected to surface polishing treatment, and the other five pieces were glazed. Surface roughness value of specimens was detected. Experimental strains of Streptococcus mutans was cultured on the specimen surface at 37 ℃ for 48 hours, and the amount of bacteria adhering to the specimen surface was detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Surface roughness of four groups of specimens showed no difference. The amount of bacteria that adhered to the polishing specimens of zirconia ceramics was significantly lower than that of nickel chromium alloy (P < 0.05), but no difference was found in the amount of bacteria adhering to the glazing specimens of nickel-chromium alloy and zirconia ceramics. These findings indicate that zirconia ceramics has better ability to inhibit bacterial adhesion than nickel-chromium alloy, especially after glazing.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biocompatibility and security of the plastic nano-hydroxyapatite/poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate- co-beta-hydroxyvalerate)-polyethylene glycol- gentamicin drug delivery system Tang Shan-hua, Liu Ji-chun, Zhang Bo-ping, Zheng Yan-ke, Lv Ren-fa 2016, 20 (8):  1095-1103.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.005 Abstract ( 334 )   PDF (670KB) ( 336 )   Save BACKGROUND: Gentamicin bead chain is an effective drug delivery system for treatment of osteomyelitis, but it cannot be degraded, need to be removed by second operation, and can breed pathogens. As a result, biodegradable drug delivery systems become a hotspot. Nano- hydroxyapatite/poly(β-hydroxybutyrate-co-β-hydroxyvalerate)-polyethylene glycol-gentamicin (nano-HA/PHBV-PEG-GM-DDS) is considered to be a good choice for the current predicament. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the acute or chronic toxic reactions of the whole body and local tissues, intracutaneous stimulation, cytotoxicity and hemolytic reactions after bone remodeling and implantation of nano-HA/PHBV-PEG-GM-DDS, thus providing a new kind of material for treating osteomyelitis. METHODS: Plastic nano-HA/PHBV-PEG-GM-DDS was prepared using plastic fibrin glue as microsphere scaffold and nano-HA as the core carrier of GM that was coated with PHBV and PEG. The acute, subacute/chronic toxicity, implantation, hemolysis, cytotoxicity and intracutaneous stimulation tests were performed according to the evaluated criteria of medical implanted materials as well as biological and animal trials recommended in GB/T16886.1-1997. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The plastic nano-HA/PHBV-PEG-GM-DDS was nontoxic and caused no apparent changes in liver and kidney function and serum biochemical indexes. Pathological examination showed that the implanted material was covered with tissues, and inflammation changes accorded with the general regularity of inflammatory outcomes. After implantation, the nano-HA/PHBV-PEG-GM-DDS was biodegraded and replaced by osseous tissues. The hemolytic rate of the material extract to the composite diffusion solution was 1.2%, which was below the standard criteria (5%). Human bone marrow cells cultured in vitro with the plastic nano-HA/PHBV-PEG-GM-DDS grew normally with good morphology. There was no stimulation reaction according to the criteria after the diffusion solution was subcutaneously injected into the back of the animal. These findings indicate that the plastic nano-HA/PHBV-PEG-GM-DDS for treating osteomyelitis possesses excellent biocompatibility and security.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of chitosan/ or calcium alginate/ biphasic ceramic bone scaffolds Liu Jing, Hu Yang, Shen Yu-feng, He Yu-tong, He Hui-yu 2016, 20 (8):  1104-1110.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.006 Abstract ( 407 )   PDF (730KB) ( 393 )   Save BACKGROUND: Hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate biphasic ceramic bone has good cell compatibility, but its mechanical properties are poor. OBJECTIVE: To construct chitosan/ or calcium alginate/biphasic ceramic bone scaffolds and to detect their mechanical properties and cytocompatibility. METHODS: Different concentrations of chitosan (2%, 4%, 7%, 10%) or calcium alginate (3%, 4%, 5%, 7%) were mixed with biphasic ceramic bone to prepare chitosan/biphasic ceramic bone scaffold and calcium alginate/biphasic ceramic bone scaffold. Their morphology and structure, coagulation time, anti-dissolution properties, shear force, compressive strength and cell compatibility were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Coagulation time: with the concentration increase, the initial and final setting time of these two kinds of composite scaffolds were prolonged to some extent. (2) Scanning electron microscopy: these two kinds of composite scaffolds showed porous microstructures with different pore sizes. (3) Anti-dissolution properties: the calcium alginate/biphasic ceramic bone scaffold (3%, 4%, 5%, 7%) and chitosan/biphasic ceramic bone scaffold (7%, 10%) had good anti-dissolution properties in the liquid. (4) Mechanical strength: with the concentration increase, the shear force and compressive strength of the calcium alginate/biphasic ceramic bone scaffold were reduced. (5) Cell compatibility: the cytotoxicity of chitosan/ or calcium alginate/biphasic ceramic bone scaffolds was graded as 0-1 or 2-3, respectively. These results show that the chitosan/biphasic ceramic bone scaffold has better mechanical properties and cell compatibility than the calcium alginate/biphasic ceramic bone scaffold.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Folic acid magnetic nanoparticles containing cisplatin inhibit the growth of human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells in a non-cytotoxic manner Zhang Hai-zhong, Huang Ai-ping 2016, 20 (8):  1111-1117.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.007 Abstract ( 241 )   PDF (481KB) ( 463 )   Save BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy drugs can kill both cancer cells and normal tissue cells. Molecular targeted therapy can reduce or avoid toxicity of chemotherapy drugs to normal cells. OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic effect of folic acid magnetic nanoparticles containing cisplatin on laryngeal cancer. METHODS: Folic acid-cis-diaminodichloroplatinum (II)-aldehyde sodium alginate-magnetic nanoparticles (FA-CDDP-ASA-MNPs) were prepared. The FA-CDDP-ASA-MNPs, CDDP and FA-ASA-MNPs were cultured together with human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells. To detect the effect of FA-CDDP-ASA-MNPs, CDDP and FA-ASA-MNPs on human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells, MTT, flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy examination were used in vitro. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Both FA-CDDP-ASA-MNPs and CDDP could inhibit the growth of human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells, and there was no difference in their inhibitory rates (P > 0.05). FA-CDDP-ASA-MNPs and CDDP showed increased inhibitory rates of human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells with the increase of CDPP concentration. The half maximal inhibitory concentrations of CDDP for inhibiting Hep-2 cells were significantly different at 24 and 48 hours after culture (P < 0.05). Both FA-CDDP-ASA-MNPs and CDDP could cause apoptosis in Hep-2 cells, and the number of apoptotic cells was increased with the increase of drug concentrations (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between two kinds of drugs (P > 0.05). FA-CDDP-ASA-MNPs and CDDP at low concentrations could increase the percentage of cells at G0/G1, but decrease the cell proportion at S and G2/M phases (P < 0.05). Under transmission electron microscope, Hep-2 cells with the intake of FA-CDDP-ASA-MNPs appeared to have notable apoptosis. These findings suggest that folic acid magnetic nanoparticles containing cisplatin can inhibit the growth of human laryngeal cancer Hep 2 cells, with no influence on the efficacy of cisplatin and with no cytotoxic effect.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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In vitro release and antibacterial property of minocycline hydroxyapatite/chitosan complex Gao Hao-chen, Wang Pei, Cao Zhi-zhong, Ge Kui-kui, Wang Yi-han, Lu Min 2016, 20 (8):  1118-1125.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.008 Abstract ( 412 )   PDF (717KB) ( 428 )   Save BACKGROUND: Hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HA/CS) complex may act as a drug carrier for drug release, but little is reported about the release amount and antibacterial effect of minocycline-HA/CS (Mino-HA/CS) complex. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the in vitro release and antibacterial property of Mino-HA/CS complex. METHODS: HA/CS and Mino-HA/CS were prepared using co-precipitation method. The surface and cross-section features of the complexes were observed under scanning electron microscopy. The porosities were measured according to Archimedes Principle. The release of minocycline hydrochloride was measured by high performance liquid chromatography with the simulated saliva as drug release media. In vitro antibacterial effect on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Staphylococcus aureus were measured by bacteria-inhibiting ring method. Biological toxicities were evaluated via cell counting kit-8cell proliferation assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The porosity of Mino-HA/CS was larger than that of HA/CS, with the average porosity of 53.99%. Single-day release amount of Mino-HA/CS could maintain at the level of 0.5-1 μg per day for a long-term. Bacteriostatic rings of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Staphylococcus aureus still existed clearly after 7 days. Cell proliferation assays showed that Mino-HA/CS extract had the significant effect on promoting cell proliferation. These findings indicate that the Mino-HA/CS sustains the release of minocycline at a relatively stable level within a longer period, shows good inhibitory effect on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Staphylococcus aureus and promotes the proliferation of periodontal ligament cells. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Absorbable internal fixation materials in the repair of patellar transverse fractures Wang Feng, Jia Jin-ling 2016, 20 (8):  1126-1132.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.009 Abstract ( 274 )   PDF (525KB) ( 642 )   Save BACKGROUND: In recent years, all kinds of absorbable internal fixation materials have been used in the clinical treatment of patellar transverse fractures. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the repairing effect of absorbable internal fixation materials on patellar transverse fractures. METHODS: Totally 102 cases of fresh patellar transverse fractures were included 62 males and 40 females cases, with a mean age of (41.85±11.15) years, and according to treatment methods, they were divided into two groups: observation group (n=52) using absorbable screws for reconstruction and control group (n=50) using Kirschner wire repair. At 12 months after repair, Lysholm knee function score were measured and evaluated, and the occurrence of adverse events was recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The knee function score and excellent rate of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (both P < 0.05). In the observation group, there were four cases of fracture displacement, but no skin irritation and other adverse events occurred; in the control group, there were two cases of nonunion and five cases of skin irritation or internal fixation loosening and slippage. Therefore, there was a higher incidence of adverse events in the control group compared with the observation group (P < 0.05). These experimental results show that the use of absorbable screws in the repair of patellar transverse fracture can promote the functional recovery of the knee joint, with good biocompatibility.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bioabsorbable pins improve bone healing of juvenile unstable osteochondritis dissecans Cheng Yang, Han Chang-xu 2016, 20 (8):  1133-1139.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.010 Abstract ( 309 )   PDF (535KB) ( 335 )   Save BACKGROUND: At present, there are different strategies for treating unsteable osteochondritis dissecans of the knee joint in adolescents, but their therapeutic effects are not ideal. OBJECTIVE: To assess the therapeutic effect of bioabsorbable pin fixation on functional recovery and fracture healing in juvenile unstable osteochondritis dissecans through Lysholm, IKDC, Hughston scoring and imaging examination. METHODS: Eighteen patients with unstable osteochondritis dissecans were enrolled. Under arthroscopy, a small incision was localized and cut followed by bioabsorbable pin fixation. The average follow-up period was 2.7 years. Functional recovery of the affected limbs after fixation was assessed by using Lysholm, IKDC and Hughston scoring. X-ray examination was used to observe fracture healing. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 6 months after fixation, the Lysholm and IKDC scores were improved significantly as compared with those before operation and maintained till the last following up. There were 15 patients scored as excellent, 2 as good and 1 as poor. X-ray films also showed that there were 17 cases of fracture healing (94% healing rate). The average fracture healing time was 2.9 months. These findings indicate that the bioabsorbable pins can improve the bone healing in juvenile unstable osteochondritis dissecans.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of insulin-like growth factor I in the lumbar spinal fusion under control of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 Wang Lei-lei, Zheng Jun-tao, Hu Yong-sheng, Liu Wei, Liu Xu, Jin Ge-le 2016, 20 (8):  1140-1145.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.011 Abstract ( 495 )   PDF (490KB) ( 531 )   Save BACKGROUND: Osteogenic ability of bone morphogenetic protein-2 has been well documented in many experiments, but a series of factors are involved in osteogenesis induction that is a complex network adjustment process. OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively determine the level of insulin-like growth factor I during the lumbar spinal fusion of rabbits induced by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2. METHODS: Sixty adult male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: bone autograft, bone allograft or composite bone (bone allograft with 75 µg recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2) was implanted into the L5-6 intertransverse process of rabbits, respectively. At days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 after implantation, formed callus was taken to detect the expression of insulin-like growth factor I using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the three groups, the expression of insulin-like growth factor I gradually increased with implantation time, peaked at 28 days and then decreased. At 7 days after implantation, the expression of insulin-like growth factor I was higher in the autograft group than the composite and allograft groups (P < 0.05); at 14 days, the expression of insulin-like growth factor I was higher in the autograft and composite groups than the allograft group (P < 0.05); at 21, 28 and 35 days, the expression of insulin-like growth factor I was higher in the composite group than the autograft and allograft groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 can improve the expression of insulin-like growth factor I effectively during the lumbar spinal fusion.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程   Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Conical telescopic crown denture versus traditional removable denture for restoration of an isolated abutment tooth: a three-dimensional finite element analysis He Yu-tong, Shen Yu-feng, Liu Jing, Zhang Yue, He Hui-yu 2016, 20 (8):  1146-1152.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.012 Abstract ( 387 )   PDF (554KB) ( 437 )   Save BACKGROUND: The conical telescopic crown denture has a better long-term effect on dentition defects of few remaining teeth than the traditional removable denture. However, there are few studies to analyze the application of these two kinds of repair methods using the finite element method. OBJECTIVE: To compare the stress distribution of the isolated abutment tooth repaired using the conical telescopic crown denture and traditional removable denture. METHODS: Two-dimensional images of the mandible and dentition in healthy adults were scanned by CT. Three-dimensional finite element models of conical telescopic crown denture and traditional removable denture were established in the mandible only with the bilateral canines. Under the same vertical and oblique loadings, the maximum equivalent stress of the abutment, periodontal membrane or edentulous alveolar ridge was compared between two repair methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under the vertical and oblique loadings, the total stress of abutment and periodontal membrane in the traditional removable denture was higher than that in the conical telescopic crown denture and the stress in the corresponding ring was concentrated obviously; the total stress of edentulous alveolar ridge in the conical telescopic crown denture was slightly larger than that in the traditional removable denture, but the stress was well-distributed and concentrated in a small area. Under the oblique loading, the total stress of abutment, periodontal membrane and edentulous alveolar ridge was higher than that under the vertical loading in these two dentures, and the stress was concentrated in the periodontal membrane of lingual neck, but the total stress in the traditional removable denture was larger, with a wider concentration range. These findings indicate that the stress on the supporting tissue of conical telescopic crown denture is more evenly distributed within a smaller range than that of traditional removable denture, and the former is more fit for the health of abutment, periodontal tissues and edentulous alveolar ridge.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程   Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of two new multipurpose treatment agents on the bond strength of zirconia Yang Hui, Xu Xiong-jun, Chen Qiang, Chen Xia-yun, Jiang Hao-shun, Sun Wen-juan, Diao Hui-bo 2016, 20 (8):  1153-1158.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.013 Abstract ( 690 )   PDF (538KB) ( 746 )   Save BACKGROUND: BACKGROUND: Studies have found that surface treatment agents containing 10-methacryloyloxy decyl dihydrogen phosphate may be chemically bonded to the oxide on the surface of zirconia, thereby notably improving the bonding performance of zirconia. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Mondbond N and Single bond Universal Adhesive on microtensile bond strength between zirconia and composite resin. METHODS: Sixty pieces of zirconia were randomized into three groups: in group 1, conventional Bis-GMA resin cement was used to bond zironia and composite resin; in group 2, conventional Bis-GMA resin cement was used to bond zironia and composite resin following Mondbond N treatment; in group 3, conventional Bis-GMA resin cement was used to bond zironia and composite resin following surface treatment with Single Bond Universal Adhesive containing 10-methacryloyloxy decyl dihydrogen phosphate. Microtensile bond strength and microstructure on the bonding interface were compared among three groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Microtensile bond strength was significantly higher in the groups 2, 3 than group 1 (P < 0.05), and there was no difference between the two former groups. (2) Scanning electron microscope observation of the bonding interface: before microtensile test, there were more fissures on the bonding interface of group 1; in the group 2, there were a few fissures on the bonding interface that was relatively even; in the group 3, the bonding interface was smooth and continuous with few fissures. After microtensile, cohesive failure and bonding interface failure were mainly seen in the three groups, but there was no simple interface failure in the groups 2 and 3. These findings indicate that Monobond N and Single Bond Universal Adhesive can both improve the bonding strength of zirconia with composite resin.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Stability and safety of mini-implant anchorage in orthodontic treatment Liu Hong, Mou Yan-dong, Yu Xiao-guang, Peng Feng-ying, Li Qing-hua, Deng Fu-hua 2016, 20 (8):  1159-1164.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.014 Abstract ( 399 )   PDF (465KB) ( 690 )   Save BACKGROUND: Traditional orthodontic anchorage has the disadvantages of discomfort, difficult to control, affecting the appearance, and relying on patient’s close cooperation. Because of short-time clinical research and application, mini-implant anchorage has a great controversy in the orthodontic treatment. OBJECTIVE: To explore the application value of mini-implant anchorage in the orthodontic treatment. METHODS:Eighty cases undergoing the orthodontic treatment at the Center of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, Yaan People’s Hospital in China from January 2012 to June 2015 were enrolled in this study. These patients were equally randomized into test group and control group, which were subjected to mini-implant anchorage or headgear anchorage, respectively. The treatment was continued for 2 years in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After the treatment, the successful rate in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05); the upper central incisor convex distance difference, inclination angle of the upper central incisor, displacement of the molar, SNA angle, inter-canine width, were significantly better in the test group than the control group (P < 0.05). At weeks 4 and 8 after intervention, there was no difference in the expression of osteoprotegerin in the periodontal tissue between the two groups (P > 0.05), but the rate of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the test group than the control group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate the mini-implant anchorage method can significantly improve the therapeutic efficacy, improve the success rate of treatment, and reduce the incidence of postoperative infections, which has good safety and stability, and has good clinical application value.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and biocompatibility of a new absorbable magnesium alloy stent in blood vessels Zhao Hui, Lei Min 2016, 20 (8):  1168-1170.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.015 Abstract ( 398 )   PDF (468KB) ( 485 )   Save BACKGROUND: In vivo animal experiments have found that magnesium alloy stents can be completely degraded in a slow, orderly and non-toxic manner following the vascular remodeling. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the applied effect and biocompatibility of a new type of magnesium alloy stent in blood vessels. METHODS: Forty-two crossbreed dogs were implanted with absorbable magnesium alloy stents via the coronary artery or left femoral artery. At days 1, 3, 5 and weeks 1, 2, 3, 4 after implantation, coronary or femoral artery angiography, inflammatory factor detection and morphological analysis targeting intimal hyperplasia were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 1 day after implantation, the stents had the complete shape and were fully extended; at 3 days after implantation, the stents were degraded partially; at 1 week after implantation, the stents were degraded completely. Within 1-3 weeks after implantation, the levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 continued to decrease. At 2 and 3 weeks after implantation, the target vessels presented with mild intimal hyperplasia. As time went on, the hyperplasia area increased gradually, and the percentage of intimal hyperplasia increased gradually. Blood magnesium concentration remained unchanged before and after stent implantation. The results show that the new absorbable magnesium alloy stent can be completely degraded within 1 week after stent implantation and has good biocompatibility.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Different removable partial dentures in repair of dentition defects: a biocompatibility analysis Lin Hong-lei, Wang Yue-yan, Lu Yang 2016, 20 (8):  1171-1176.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.016 Abstract ( 357 )   PDF (480KB) ( 730 )   Save BACKGROUND: Removable partial denture is the main way of repairing dentition defects, and its casting materials mainly include pure titanium, cobalt-chromium alloy and Vitallum 2000. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the biocompatibility of removable partial dentures made of different materials in repair of dentition defects. METHODS: Totally 120 patients with dentition defects, aged 24-68 years old, were enrolled and underwent repair with removable partial dentures. Among these patients, 40 patients were treated with cobalt-chromium alloy-casted removable partial dentures, 40 patients with pure titanium-casted removable partial dentures, and 40 patients with Vitallium 2000 casted removable partial dentures. All patients were followed up for 2 years. The chewing efficiency, coagulation, thrombosis, alveolar bone loss, patient satisfaction, and the incidence of adverse reactions, such as abutments periodontal disease and secondary caries were compared between these three groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Chewing efficiency and patient satisfaction rate: Vitallum 2000 group > titanium group > cobalt-chromium alloy group (P < 0.05). (2) Coagulation, thrombosis, the incidence of alveolar bone loss: Vitallum 2000 group < titanium material group < cobalt-chromium alloy group (all P < 0.05). (3) Incidence of adverse reactions: Vitallum 2000 group < titanium group < cobalt-chromium alloy group (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that Vitallium 2000-casted removable partial denture in repair of dentition defects can effectively reduce the incidence of denture stomatitis, abutments periodontal disease and secondary caries, and ensure the comfort of the denture, chewing force and language function.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程   Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Hemodialysis membrane: its biocompatibility and application in severe pancreatitis Chen Ou, Qiu Xiong, Shao Ze-yong, Luo Wen-jie, Li Chang-ping, Lv Mu-han 2016, 20 (8):  1177-1182.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.017 Abstract ( 458 )   PDF (468KB) ( 461 )   Save BACKGROUND: Continuous blood purification can remove cytokines and inflammatory mediators, maintain homeostasis and prevent the occurrence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in patients with severe pancreatitis, which has become the main therapy for severe pancreatitis. Since the hemodialysis technology began to be applied clinically, the biological and physicochemical properties of hemodialysis membrane materials have been studied. A variety of hemodialysis membranes have been developed in order to improve the biocompatibility and anticoagulant effect in vitro. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application effect of hemodialysis membranes on severe pancreatitis. METHODS: Ten Wistar rats were selected to make rat models of severe pancreatitis and then were randomized into two groups (n=5 per group): homophone membrane group and polysulfone membrane group. Hemodialysis- related biochemical parameters were detected in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the homophone membrane, ultrafiltration coefficient, creatinine clearance, blood urea nitrogen clearance, phosphorus clearance, number of circulating endothelial cells, and levels of plasma nitric oxide and asymmetric dimethylarginine were significantly lower in the polysulfone membrane group (P < 0.05). Vitamin B12 clearance and amount of pre-congestion increased significantly in the polysulfone membrane group as compared with the homophone membrane (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the polysulfone membrane for hemodialysis has good biocompatibility, and keeps a stable environment in vivo for severe pancreatitis patients.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of visual quality after implantation of aspheric and spherical Toric intraocular lens in cataract surgery Chu Miao, Zhao Li-na, Cheng Yu-ying, Sun Tao 2016, 20 (8):  1183-1189.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.018 Abstract ( 489 )   PDF (480KB) ( 304 )   Save   BACKGROUND: Spherical Toric intraocular lens can effectively correct the preoperative astigmatism of cataract patients, but it is unclear whether the aspheric Toric lens is better than the spherical Toric lens to improve the quality of vision. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the optical quality after implantation of aspheric toric intraocular lens in cataract surgery. METHODS: Seventy-three cataract patients with corneal astigmatism (80 eyes) were enrolled, including 37 males and 36 females, aged 47-83 years. Among them, 36 cases were implanted with aspheric Toric intraocular lens (test group), and the other 37 cases were implanted with spherical Toric intraocular lens (control group). Postoperative examinations were performed at 3 months, including axial intraocular lens, uncorrected visual acuity, corrected visual acuity, residual astigmatism, contrast sensitivity, and wavefront aberration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Three months after implantation, the axial view, uncorrected visual acuity, corrected visual acuity and residual astigmatism showed no differences between the two groups; no shape deviation and lens decentration occurred; there was no case required to remove the lens or subjected to secondary adjustment. In the test group, the moderate and high spatial frequency contrast sensitivity at the scotopic or scotopic glare state was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), the total higher order aberrations and spherical aberrations at a pupil diameter of 5.0 mm and spherical aberration at a pupil diameter of 3.0 mm were significantly less than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, there were no differences in scattering index, cut-off frequency of the modulation transfer function, Strehl ratio and visual acuity at 9%, 20% and 100% contrast between the two groups. These findings indicate that the aspheric and spherical toric intraocular lenses have similar effects in improving the astigmatism and raising the uncorrected visual acuity, but the former one is superior to the latter one in improving scotopic vision, and total higher order aberrations and spherical aberrations. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Irradiation crosslinking of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Luo Shu-ping, Chen Yun-ping, Huang Jia-you 2016, 20 (8):  1190-1195.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.019 Abstract ( 521 )   PDF (504KB) ( 618 )   Save BACKGROUND: Irradiation crosslinking can remarkably increase the abrasive performance of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), thereby reducing its wear rate. OBJECTIVE: To review the recent progress in irradiated crosslinking UHMWPE. METHODS: A computer-based online search of ISI Web of knowledge was performed for articles related to irradiated crosslinking UHMWPE published from January1995 to April 2012 using the keywords of “irradiation crosslinking UHMWPE” in English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At present, domestic studies on irradiation crosslinking of UHMWPE mainly focus on the wear resistance, oxidation resistance and mechanical properties. Under high-energy radiation, radicals generate from the UHMWPE, which are inter-crosslinked. Irradiation crosslinking dramatically enhances the UHMWPE wear resistance, while reduces its oxidation resistance and mechanical properties. In the future, the research will focus on how to develop new UHMWPE composite with good wear resistance, oxidation resistance and mechanical properties.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Artificial ligament biomaterials repair cruciate ligament injury of the knee joint: problems and prospects Hou Li-gang, Yang Jian-yi 2016, 20 (8):  1196-1202.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.020 Abstract ( 415 )   PDF (577KB) ( 700 )   Save BACKGROUND: Related studies have confirmed that the experimental results and short-term clinical outcomes of artificial ligaments are satisfactory that the artificial ligaments can restore the stability of knee joint as soon as possible and ensure motor function. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the basic and clinical research progress of artificial ligaments. METHODS: The articles regarding artificial ligaments in repair of knee joint cruciate ligament injury were retrieved from Wanfang database, CNKI and PubMed database during 1985 to 2015 by computer. The keywords were “cruciate ligament injuries, artificial ligament, biological materials” in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with autologous and allogenic ligaments, artificial ligament has good mechanical properties, and can get sufficient tensile strength and joint stability immediately after implantation, so as to ensure the cruciate ligament reconstruction of the knee joint. Artificial ligament technology has experienced carbon fiber ligament, polyester material and stent artificial ligaments. As a new type of polyester artificial ligament, LARS artificial ligament shows a good biocompatibility, on which, cells can adhere, proliferate and differentiate well. However, the controversies over the use of artificial ligament still exist, and its long-term clinical effects still need further observation. Further researches regarding the material selection, shape bionic design, weaving and surgical techniques of artificial ligaments are still further needed.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research advancement of calcium phosphate and calcium sulfate scaffolds in bone tissue engineering Zhang Zhi-da, Jiang Xiao-bing, Shen Geng-yang, Ren Hui, Yang Zhi-dong, Cui Jian-chao, Chen Kang, Tang Jing-jing, Mo Ling, Lin Shun-xin, Liang De 2016, 20 (8):  1203-1209.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.021 Abstract ( 439 )   PDF (560KB) ( 745 )   Save BACKGROUND: It is a hotspot that calcium phosphate and calcium sulphate as the main ingredients are combined with one or more other materials to improve or increase the performance of bone tissue engineering scaffolds. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the research advance of these two kinds of scaffolds in bone tissue engineering. METHODS: The articles related to the bone tissue engineering published during January 2000 to June 2015 were retrieved from CNKI and PubMed databases by computer. The key words were “bone tissue engineering, scaffold, calcium phosphate, calcium sulphate, vascularization” in Chinese and English, respectively. ESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Calcium phosphate and calcium sulfate are characterized as having good biocompatibility, biodegradability, osteoconductivity and complete bone substitutability. However, single use of calcium phosphate or calcium sulfate scaffold has certain disadvantages, both of which are difficult to fully meet the requirements of the bone defect repair. Improvement can be acquired in the mechanical strength, injectability and biodegradability, as well as drug-loading and pro-angiogenesis of the scaffold in combination with other materials. In the basal and clinical research, we should explore and develop ideal scaffolds in on the basis of therapeutic aim. However, most of the scaffold studies are still at the extracorporeal and animal experiment stage, and the comparative studies on composite scaffolds and optimal proportion of those composite scaffolds still need to be further investigated.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields for treatment of osteoporosis Zhao Lin 2016, 20 (8):  1210-1216.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.08.022 Abstract ( 342 )   PDF (609KB) ( 478 )   Save BACKGROUND: The most commonly used physiotherapies for osteoporosis include low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field, ultrashort wave therapy, and extracorporeal shock wave therapy. Because of the uncertain intensity of extracorporeal shock wave and uncertain efficacy of ultrasound therapy, low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields have become the most widely used treatment for osteoporosis in clinic. OBJECTIVE: To review the mechanism and clinical application of low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields in the treatment of osteoporosis. METHODS: A computer search by the first author of PubMed and CNKI databases was performed for relevant articles using the keywords of “pulsed electromagnetic fields and osteoporosis” or “osteoblast or osteoclast” in English and “osteoporosis; pulsed pulsed electromagnetic fields; osteoblasts; osteoclasts” in Chinese, respectively. After initial search, there were 169 articles, and according to the inclusion criteria, 29 highly relevant articles that are authentic and have clear views were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The pulsed electromagnetic field as a non-drug therapy is characterized by no trauma, no infection, simple operation, low cost, long-term use, and good safety. Its efficacy has been increasingly affirmed by researchers and clinicians. Pulsed electromagnetic fields can promote the synthesis of DNA, influence the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, increase the apoptosis of osteoclasts, and have a certain window effect. Pulsed electromagnetic fields can effectively relieve pain and increase bone density level in patients with osteoporosis, which can increase its efficacy in combination with other drugs and have a wide range of clinical applications.    中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics