Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (25): 4064-4069.doi: 10.12307/2022.415

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Proteoglycans in tooth development and its role in regulating stem cell homeostasis

Chen Jiawen1, 2, Sun Tianyu3, Liu Peng4, Wu Buling2, 5, Wu Jingyi6   

  1. 1Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; 2School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University; 3Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University; 4Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University; 5Southern Medical University-Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan); 6Center of Implant Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University
  • Received:2020-09-04 Accepted:2020-10-24 Online:2022-09-08 Published:2022-01-26
  • Contact: Wu Buling, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; Southern Medical University-Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong Province, China Wu Jingyi, MD, Physician, Center of Implant Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Chen Jiawen, Master candidate, Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81900956 (to WJY); the Postdoctoral Special Foundation of Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. PY2018025 (to WJY); the Scientific Research Project of Southern Medical University, No. QD2018N030 (to WJY)

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: Tooth regeneration is one of the hot issues in dentistry. The development of tooth regeneration is based on the in-depth understanding of the mechanism of tooth germ development. Previous studies have focused on the exploration of intracellular signaling regulatory networks related to tooth development, but studies on extracellular regulatory molecules have been scarce. As an important component of extracellular matrix and stem cell microenvironment, proteoglycans are involved in signal transduction and mediate the balance between of self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress on proteoglycans in tooth development and its roles in mediating stem cell homeostasis and the mechanisms involved, and to prospect its future research focus.
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI databases were searched for the articles concerning proteoglycans in regulating stem cell self-renewal homeostasis and tooth development with the search terms of “proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, stem cell homeostasis, tooth development, tooth renewal, cell signaling, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate” in English and Chinese. After primarily screening based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the articles with high relevance were included for review.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: As an important component of extracellular matrix and stem cell microenvironment, proteoglycans are extensively involved in the development of tooth germ and affect the destination of dental stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Clarifying the mechanism of proteoglycan in tooth germ development will be beneficial to establishing and perfecting the intracellular and extracellular regulatory signal network related to tooth development and provide a new idea for the study of biological tooth regeneration.

Key words: proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans, stem cell homeostasis, tooth development, tooth renewal, signaling pathway, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, review

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