Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (32): 5219-5226.doi: 10.12307/2023.827

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Roles of exercise intervention in intestinal flora in autoimmune diseases

Leng Siyi1, Pu Rui1, 2, Chen Ziyang1, 2, Yang Qihang1, Song Yongjing1, Liu Hui3   

  1. 1College of Education and Sports Sciences, 2Human Science Laboratory of Exercise, 3Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2022-11-03 Accepted:2022-12-09 Online:2023-11-18 Published:2023-03-23
  • Contact: Song Yongjing, MD, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China Pu Rui, Master, Lecturer, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China; Human Science Laboratory of Exercise, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Leng Siyi, Master candidate, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82271514 (to LH); 2021 Hubei Provincial Education Department Project, No. BXLBX0337 (to SYJ)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The intestinal flora is primarily responsible for maintaining the balance between host defense and immune tolerance. In addition, the intestinal flora is closely related to autoimmune diseases, and exercise has an important regulatory effect on the intestinal flora, which in turn affects the occurrence and development of various autoimmune diseases.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the effect of intestinal flora on different autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis and ankylosing spondylitis, and to analyze the effect of exercise on the intestinal flora and the effect of exercise in regulating the intestinal flora on autoimmune protection, aiming to provide a new reference and basis for the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases.
METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for relevant articles published between 1996 and 2022 using the keywords of “Intestinal flora, intestinal bacteria, autoimmune diseases, type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, exercise” in English and Chinese, respectively. Finally 90 studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis and ankylosing spondylitis are affected by the intestinal flora, and the intestinal flora plays a key role in the regulation of autoimmune diseases. Different exercise modes have different effects on the intestinal flora. Aerobic exercise can increase the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora in the body, improve the immune barrier function of the intestinal mucosa, reduce the metabolic inflammatory response of the body, thereby promoting health and enhancing the body’s resistance. However, the pathways and specific mechanisms of aerobic exercise regulating the intestinal flora and promoting body health need further studies. The effect of anaerobic exercise on the intestinal flora of the body is still controversial, which may be related to the heterogeneity of the study object, research method, and time intensity of exercise intervention and needs further digging. However, studies have shown that anaerobic exercise can improve the health of the body by reducing the body’s inflammatory response, improving insulin resistance and improving glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. Exercise can play an important role in the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases by regulating the intestinal flora, inhibiting inflammatory response, regulating intestinal flora homeostasis and improving blood glucose homeostasis, thereby providing new ideas and strategies for exercise to promote physical health and the prevention and treatment of autoimmune diseases.

Key words: Intestinal flora, autoimmunity, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, exercise, overview

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