Effects of eccentric exercise patterns on exercise-induced muscle damage

doi:10.12307/2023.540

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Exercise-induced muscle damage accounts for the highest proportion among various sports injury types, and eccentric exercise patterns may be related to the severity of damage. An effective utilization of skeletal muscle eccentric contraction is of great significance to the development of national fitness and sports undertakings in line with the concept of "healthy China."
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of different eccentric exercise patterns on the degree of exercise-induced muscle damage.
METHODS: A total of 66 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (n=6), single eccentric exercise group (n=30), and continuous eccentric exercise group (n=30) which was further divided into five subgroups at 0.5, 24, 48, 120, 168 hours after the last exercise. The expressions of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the quadriceps femoris were detected by immunohistochemical staining, and the mean absorbance value was measured. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the morphological changes of muscle fibers.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were cells with mild cytoplasmic brown staining of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the control group. In the exercise groups, the expression of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α began to increase at 0.5 hours. From 24 to 48 hours, muscle fibers were distorted with disordered arrangement and contours, the extracellular space was enlarged with inflammatory cell infiltration, the degree and range of cytoplasmic brown staining increased to the peak but it decreased at 120 and 168 hours. The mean absorbance values of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in the continuous eccentric exercise group were lower than those in the once eccentric exercise group at 48, 120, and 168 hours (P < 0.05). The recovery time of morphological structure of the skeletal muscle stained by hematoxylin-eosin was different in the continuous eccentric exercise group and once eccentric exercise group, which was 120 and 168 hours respectively. Results from the two-way repeated measure analysis of variance showed that the mean absorbance values of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly correlated with exercise patterns and time points, and there was an interaction between the exercise pattern and time, with F values of 3.106 and 13.431, respectively (P=0.020, P < 0.001). To conclude, the degree of exercise-induced muscle damage is related to the eccentric exercise pattern, and the continuous eccentric exercise is better than the once eccentric exercise.

Key words: exercise-induced muscle damage, muscle soreness, eccentric exercise, skeletal muscle, risk factor

CLC Number:

Meng Xiangli, Lyu Xiaohong. Effects of eccentric exercise patterns on exercise-induced muscle damage[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2023, 27(32): 5132-5136.

Figures/Tables 4

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