Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (25): 4089-4094.doi: 10.12307/2021.025

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Regulatory effect of exosomes on exercise-mediated insulin resistance diseases

Chen Ziyang1, Pu Rui1, Deng Shuang2, Yuan Lingyan1   

  1. 1Institute of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China; 2Institute of Healthy, Shanghai Normal University Tianhua College, Shanghai 201815, China
  • Received:2020-09-05 Revised:2020-09-08 Accepted:2020-10-24 Online:2021-09-08 Published:2021-01-20
  • Contact: Yuan Lingyan, MD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Institute of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • About author:Chen Ziyang, Master candidate, Institute of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China Pu Rui, Master candidate, Institute of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31371196

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Exosomes are closely related to insulin resistance diseases and play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of insulin resistance diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. In addition, exercise affects the biogenesis of the body fluid and the circulating exosomes, and mediates the role of intercellular communication.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the relationship between exosomes and insulin resistance diseases, and the role and mechanism of exercise-mediated exosomes in regulating insulin resistance related diseases.
METHODS: The “extracellular vesicle, exosomes, insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, exercise” were used as the key words. The literature related to PubMed and CNKI database from 1981 to 2020 was retrieved and 64 papers were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Exosomes are closely related to the occurrence and development of insulin resistance diseases, and can be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of obesity and type 2 diabetes, inhibiting the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes by down-regulating the expression of obesity-related inflammatory factors and improving insulin sensitivity. Mediated by aerobic exercise and resistance exercise, exosomes from different cell sources regulate the regulation of their miRNA and protein expression in patients with extensive insulin resistance.

Key words: exosomes, insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, miRNA, exercise, review

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