中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (19): 3593-3597.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.19.034

• 干细胞学术探讨 stem cell academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

 
神经干细胞的干性维持机制*★

高海霞，金华君，钱其军   

  1. 解放军第二军医大学东方肝胆外科医院基因与病毒治疗实验室，上海市  200438
  • 收稿日期:2011-07-22 修回日期:2011-09-13 出版日期:2012-05-06 发布日期:2012-05-06
  • 通讯作者: 钱其军，博士，研究员，解放军第二军医大学东方肝胆外科医院基因与病毒治疗实验室，上海市 200438 qianqj@sino-gene.cn
  • 作者简介:高海霞★，女，1984年生，山东省泰安市人，汉族，2010年浙江理工大学毕业，硕士，主要从事神经干细胞、胚胎干细胞及诱导多能干细胞的相关研究。gaohaixia0312@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家杰出青年科学基金(30925037)。

Maintenance and differentiation of neural stem cells  

Gao Hai-xia, Jin Hua-jun, Qian Qi-jun   

  1. Laboratory of Gene and Viral Therapy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital, the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Shanghai  200438, China
  • Received:2011-07-22 Revised:2011-09-13 Online:2012-05-06 Published:2012-05-06
  • Contact: Qian Qi-jun, M.D., Researcher, Laboratory of Gene and Viral Therapy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital, the Second Militaty Medical University of Chinese PLA, Shanghai 200438, China qianqj@sino-gene.cn
  • About author:Gao Hai-xia★, Master, Laboratory of Gene and Viral Therapy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital, Second Militaty Medical University of Chinese PLA, Shanghai 200438, China gaohaixia0312@163.com
  • Supported by:

    Science Foundation of National Outstanding Youth, No. 30925037*

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摘要：

背景：神经干细胞具有强大的自我更新和多向分化潜能，是治疗神经系统疾病的研究热点。
目的：总结神经干细胞的生物学特性及干细胞维持和分化机制的研究进展。
方法：由第一作者检索PubMed数据库1994-01/2011-05及清华同方中文系列数据库2000-01/2011-05涉及神经干细胞的生物学特征及干细胞维持和分化的文献，英文关键词为“Neural stem cells，cell factors，ips，microenvironment”，中文关键词为“神经干细胞，细胞因子，诱导多能干细胞，微环境”，排除陈旧性、重复性文献，保留55篇进行归纳总结。
结果与结论：神经干细胞是神经系统发育过程中保留下来的具有自我更新和多向分化潜能的原始细胞，其免疫原性低、无致瘤性，在神经系统类疾病的治疗方面拥有巨大的应用前景。神经干细胞自我更新与多向分化潜能的维持(干性维持)受其内源因子的调控，这些因子包括Tlx、Sox2、Hes、Bmi-1等转录因子，同时这一干性维持过程也受外源性信号的调控，外源性信号主要是指神经干细胞所处的微环境，包括神经干细胞周围基质细胞、细胞因子等方面。
 

关键词: 干性维持, 神经干细胞, 诱导多能干细胞, 微环境, 细胞因子

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Neural stem cells (NSCs) have great self-renewal capacity and multiple differentiation potential, and therefore have become used to treat neurodegenerative disorders.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the biological characteristics of NSCs and the research progress of NSCs maintenance and differentiation mechanism.
METHODS: The PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed) (between January 1994 and May 2011) and CNKI database (http://www.cnki.net/index.htm) (between January 2000 and May 2011) were searched by the first author for the articles related to the biological characteristics of NSCs and the maintenance and differentiation mechanism. The key words were “neural stem cells, cell factors, ips, microenvironment” in English and Chinese. Outdated and repetitive studies were excluded, and 55 literatures were included for summarization.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Neural stem cells are the original cells with self-renewal capacity and multiple differentiation potential retained during development of the nervous system, Owing to their low-immunogenicity and non-oncogenicty, NSCs are supposed to have great potential in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Cell-intrinsic factors such as Tlx, Sox2, Hes and Bmi-1 can regulate the maintenance of self-renewal capacity and multiple differentiation potential of NSCs. Extrinsic signal such as the microenvironment, including the matrix cells around NSCs and cytokines also regulates the maintenance process.

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