中国组织工程研究

• 骨与关节综述 bone and joint review • 上一篇    下一篇

尺骨冠状突骨折的修复策略及生物力学分析

刘仁浩1,周  楠2,毕郑刚1   

  1. 1哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨一科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市  150001;2黑龙江省农垦总局总医院康复科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市  150088
  • 收稿日期:2013-06-13 修回日期:2013-06-16 出版日期:2013-10-22 发布日期:2013-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 毕郑刚,哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨一科,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001 bizhenggang@54dr.com
  • 作者简介:刘仁浩★,男,1985年生,山东省德州市人,汉族,哈尔滨医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事四肢创伤方面的研究。 liurenhao_1@163.com

Treatment strategies and biomechanical analysis for ulna coracoid process fractures

Liu Ren-hao1, Zhou Nan2, Bi Zheng-gang1   

  1. 1First Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin  150001, Heilongjiang Province, China; 2Department of Rehabilitation, Land Reclamation Bureau General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin  150088, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2013-06-13 Revised:2013-06-16 Online:2013-10-22 Published:2013-11-02
  • Contact: Bi Zheng-gang, First Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China bizhenggang@54dr.com
  • About author:Liu Ren-hao★, Studying for master’s degree, Physician, First Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China liurenhao_1@163.com

摘要:

背景:临床上冠状突骨折多发生于伴有肘关节脱位的患者,并伴随有肘关节侧副韧带、关节囊的撕裂伤,常会导致肘关节失稳,如不能得到恰当处置会发生肘关节反复失稳、脱位,并对肘关节造成远期不可逆损害。
目的:回顾近年来关于冠状突骨折修复方法及相关解剖生物力学的研究进展。
方法:计算机检索Web of Science数据库于1990年1月至2013年3月有关冠状突骨折及冠状突解剖生物力学的临床与试验研究,检索词分别为“coronoid process of the ulna,coronoid fracture,treatment method, research progress”,排除发表时间较早或重复研究文献。
结果与结论:尺骨冠状突是肘关节重要的骨性稳定结构,它与附丽在其上的韧带、关节囊和肌肉等软组织结构在维持肘关节轴向、内翻、外翻和旋转稳定性上发挥着重要作用。冠状突骨折治疗方案的选择与骨折分型、骨折块粉碎程度、内外侧副韧带及前关节囊的损伤情况密切相关。大块非粉碎性骨折可给予切开复位内固定;粉碎性骨折可选取较大骨折块给予复位固定,自体骨移植冠状突重建或人工冠状突置换;小块冠状突骨折的修复与否则视情况而定:若软组织损伤修复完成后,肘关节获得足够稳定性则冠状突骨折不予以处理,相反则可予以锚钉或缝线修复。治疗后早期活动是获得良好功能的关键,必要时可给予铰链式外固定支架固定。

关键词: 骨关节植入物, 骨与关节综述, 尺骨冠状突, 骨折, 肘关节失稳, 肘关节脱位, 骨折分型, 切开复位内固定, 内植物, 功能锻炼, 研究进展

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Fractures of the coronoid progress are common in patients with elbow dislocations, and often accompanied by elbow ligament and joint capsule laceration. The coronoid progress fracture often leads to elbow joint instability, if cannot get the correct therapy, will result in repeatedly elbow instability, dislocation, and cause long-term irreversible damage to the elbow. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the literatures about coronoid fractures and relative anatomic and biomechanical studies.
METHODS: An electronic search of the Web of Science database was conducted for clinical and experimental researches about coronoid fractures and relative anatomic and biomechanics published from January 1990 to March 2013, the key words were “coronoid process of the ulna, coronoid fracture, treatment method, research progress”. The articles published earlier and repetitive researches were excluded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Coronoid process is an important primary stabilizer of elbow joint, The coronoid process combined with the soft tissues of ligaments, joint capsule and muscles that attached on the coronoid plays an important role in maintaining the elbow axial, varus, valgus and rotation stability. The selection of the treatment strategies for coronoid process fracture depends on the fracture type, degree of fracture fragments crush and injury of medial and lateral collateral ligament and the anterior capsule. Uncomminuted large fractures can be treated with open reduction and internal fixation; comminuted fractures can be treated with reduction and internal fixation by the largest fracture fragments, autograft reconstruction or artificial coronoid process replacement; the repair of small coronoid process fracture depends on the circumstances; if the elbow gets enough stability after repair of soft tissue injury, it cannot be addressed, if not, the elbow should be repaired with sutures or anchors. Earlier motion after operation is important to get better function, and the hinged external fixator can be used if necessary.

Key words: ulna fractures, elbow joint, dislocations, internal fixators

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