中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (14): 3548-3556.doi: 10.12307/2025.900

• 组织工程口腔材料 tissue-engineered oral materials • 上一篇    下一篇

口腔医学用氧化锆陶瓷复合材料的制备及力学性能

金  慧1,陈  晖2   

  1. 1辽源职业技术学院,吉林省辽源市   136200;2华北理工大学附属医院口腔科,河北省唐山市   063210
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-02 接受日期:2025-01-11 出版日期:2026-05-18 发布日期:2025-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈晖,主任医师,教授,华北理工大学附属医院口腔科,河北省唐山市 063210
  • 作者简介:金慧,男,1982年生,吉林省辽源市人,汉族,副教授,主要从事口腔医学、口腔医学技术方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2023年度吉林省职业教育科研课题项目(2023XHY138),项目参与人:金慧;2023年度吉林省职业院校创新创业教育教学指导委员会一般课题(CXCYHZW2023028),项目负责人:金慧;2023 年度吉林省职业教育与成人教育教学改革研究立项课题(2023ZCY180),项目负责人:金慧

Preparation and mechanical properties of zirconia ceramic composites for stomatology

Jin Hui1, Chen Hui2   

  1. 1Liaoyuan Vocational Technical College, Liaoyuan 136200, Jilin Province, China; 2Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2024-11-02 Accepted:2025-01-11 Online:2026-05-18 Published:2025-09-10
  • Contact: Chen Hui, Chief physician, Professor, Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Jin Hui, Associate professor, Liaoyuan Vocational Technical College, Liaoyuan 136200, Jilin Province, China
  • Supported by:
    2023 Jilin Vocational Education Research Project, No. 2023XHY138 (to JH); General Project of 2023 Jilin Vocational College Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education and Teaching Steering Committee, No. CXCYHZW2023028 (to JH); 2023 Jilin Vocational Education and Adult Education Teaching Reform Research Project, No. 2023ZCY180 (to JH)

摘要:
文题释义:
氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆多晶陶瓷:以氧化钇(Y2O3)作为稳定剂条件下制备的氧化锆增韧陶瓷,具有高强度、高韧性和美观等优点,在口腔医学修复领域得到了广泛应用。然而,3%(摩尔百分比)氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆多晶陶瓷易导致对颌牙的过度磨耗,从而增加牙本质暴露的风险,进而可能引发牙齿酸痛、牙髓感染等问题。
钛酸钡:为一种经典的介电陶瓷材料,因良好的生物相容性和较低的成本在医学领域引起了广泛关注。钛酸钡单独使用时断裂韧性相对较低,无法完全满足口腔医学修复的需求,但它与3%(摩尔百分比)氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆多晶陶瓷复合后可以形成具有微孔结构的复合材料,从而有望改善材料的生物学性能和摩擦磨损性能。

背景:3%(摩尔百分比)氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆陶瓷在实际应用中易导致对颌牙的过度磨耗,进而增加牙本质暴露的风险,引发牙齿酸痛、牙髓感染等问题,因此,进一步提升3%氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆多晶陶瓷摩擦磨损性能成为当前口腔医学修复材料研究的热点之一。
目的:探究钛酸钡掺杂比例对3%氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆陶瓷微观结构、力学性能及摩擦磨损性能的影响。
方法:以3%氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆陶瓷为主体,通过高温烧结法制备钛酸钡掺杂的3%氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆陶瓷材料,其中钛酸钡掺杂量分别为陶瓷粉体质量的0%,2%,4%,6%。检测4组材料的晶格结构、力学性能、微观形貌、耐磨性能。

①X射线衍射结果显示,随着钛酸钡掺杂量的增多,复合陶瓷中单斜相氧化锆和钛酸钡的物相占比不断增大,四方相氧化锆的占比不断减小。②扫描电镜观察结果显示,单纯的3%氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆陶瓷表面存在大量气孔,并且表面致密度较低;4%,6%钛酸钡掺杂陶瓷表面的气孔数量减少、表面致密度提高。③随着钛酸钡掺杂量的增加,陶瓷的密度持续降低,孔隙率先降低后升高,其中6%钛酸钡掺杂陶瓷的密度最低,4%钛酸钡掺杂陶瓷的孔隙率最低;随着钛酸钡掺杂量的增加,陶瓷的维氏硬度与断裂韧性持续降低,弹性模量先升高后降低,其中4%钛酸钡掺杂陶瓷的弹性模量最大。④利用直径10 µm的金刚石进行划痕实验,结果显示:随着钛酸钡掺杂量的增加,陶瓷的摩擦系数和划痕深度均呈先降低后升高的趋势,其中4%钛酸钡掺杂陶瓷的摩擦系数与划痕深度最低;扫描电镜观察结果显示,4组陶瓷试样划痕两侧出现了不同程度的破碎,其中单纯氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆陶瓷的划痕边缘破碎最为严重,4%钛酸钡掺杂陶瓷的划痕边缘破碎最轻。⑤结果表明,4%钛酸钡掺杂氧化钇稳定四方氧化锆陶瓷复合材料具有高的耐磨性和强度,可保持长期稳定性。

https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3800-4532 (金慧) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 钛酸钡">, 氧化锆">, 陶瓷">, 口腔医学">, 耐磨性能">, 微观形貌">, 工程化口腔材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: 3% (molar percentage) yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia ceramics are prone to excessive wear of opposing teeth in practical applications, thereby increasing the risk of dentin exposure, causing toothache, pulp infection and other problems. Therefore, further improving the friction and wear properties of 3% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline ceramics has become one of the hot topics in the current research of oral medical restorative materials.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of barium titanate doping ratio on the microstructure, mechanical properties and friction and wear properties of 3% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia ceramics.
METHODS: With 3% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia ceramics as the main body, 3% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia ceramic materials doped with barium titanate were prepared by high-temperature sintering method, in which the barium titanate doping amounts were 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% of the ceramic powder mass, respectively. The lattice structure, mechanical properties, micromorphology and wear resistance of the four groups of materials were tested.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) X-ray diffraction results showed that with the increase of barium titanate doping, the proportion of monoclinic zirconia and barium titanate in the composite ceramics continued to increase, while the proportion of tetragonal zirconia continued to decrease. (2) Scanning electron microscopy results showed that there were a large number of pores on the surface of pure 3% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia ceramics, and the surface density was low; the number of pores on the surface of 4% and 6% barium titanate doped ceramics decreased and the surface density increased. (3) With the increase of barium titanate doping, the density of ceramics continued to decrease, and the pores first decreased and then increased. Among them, the density of 6% barium titanate doped ceramics was the lowest, and the porosity of 4% barium titanate doped ceramics was the lowest. With the increase of barium titanate doping, the Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of ceramics continued to decrease, and the elastic modulus first increased and then decreased. Among them, the elastic modulus of 4% barium titanate doped ceramics was the largest. (4) The scratch test was carried out using a diamond with a diameter of 10 µm. The results showed that with the increase of the amount of barium titanate doped, the friction coefficient and scratch depth of the ceramics first decreased and then increased. Among them, the friction coefficient and scratch depth of 4% barium titanate doped ceramics were the lowest. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the four groups of ceramic samples had different degrees of breakage on both sides of the scratch. Among them, the scratch edge of the pure yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia ceramic was the most serious, and the scratch edge of the 4% barium titanate-doped ceramic was the lightest. (5) The results show that the 4% barium titanate-doped yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia ceramic composite material has high wear resistance and strength, and can maintain long-term stability.

Key words: barium titanate">, zirconium oxide">, ceramics, oral medicine">, wear resistance">, micromorphology">, engineered oral material

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