中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 2858-2869.doi: 10.12307/2026.123

• 组织构建循证医学 evidence-based medicine in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

长期运动对肥胖或超重群体食欲激素干预效果的Meta分析

辛显阳,刘龙雁,郭咏晴,汪  海,谢  军   

  1. 首都体育学院,北京市   100191

  • 收稿日期:2025-04-09 接受日期:2025-07-02 出版日期:2026-04-18 发布日期:2025-09-06
  • 通讯作者: 谢军,博士,教授,博士生导师,首都体育学院,北京市 100191
  • 作者简介:辛显阳,男,1999年生,山东省泰安市人,汉族,首都体育学院在读博士,主要从事身体运动功能训练与运动促进健康研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中国科协研究生科普能力提升项目(KXYJS2024007),项目负责人:谢军

Effects of long-term exercise interventions on appetite-regulating hormones in overweight and obese populations: a meta-analysis

Xin Xianyang, Liu Longyan, Guo Yongqing, Wang Hai, Xie Jun   

  1. Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China
  • Received:2025-04-09 Accepted:2025-07-02 Online:2026-04-18 Published:2025-09-06
  • Contact: Xie Jun, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China
  • About author:Xin Xianyang, PhD candidate, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing 100191, China
  • Supported by:
    Graduate Student Science Popularization Capacity Enhancement Project of China Association for Science and Technology, No. KXYJS2024007 (to XJ) 

摘要:


文题释义:
食欲激素:是调节食欲和能量平衡的激素,影响身体对食物的摄取和消耗。它们通过与大脑和其他器官的相互作用,帮助维持体质量和能量稳态。
胃饥饿素:是由胃壁细胞分泌的激素,主要在饥饿时分泌。胃饥饿素的两种形式为酰化胃饥饿素和非酰化胃饥饿素,在食欲调节中有不同作用,酰化胃饥饿素有助于刺激食欲和进食,而非酰化胃饥饿素则不具有此作用。

摘要
目的:长期运动被推荐作为减肥手段,但对肥胖或超重人群食欲激素的具体影响仍不清晰。为此,通过Meta分析评估长期运动对肥胖或超重群体食欲激素的干预效果。
方法:系统检索PubMed、EBSCO、Cochrane Library、Web of Science和Embase从建库至2024年12月的随机对照试验。研究对象为超重或肥胖人群,结局指标为食欲激素(胃饥饿素、酰化胃饥饿素、酪酪肽、胰高血糖素样肽1)。使用Review Manager 5.4和Stata 16软件对纳入文献进行Meta分析。
结果:长期运动干预显著提升胃饥饿素(SMD=0.46,P=0.007)和胰高血糖素肽1(SMD=0.43,P=0.04)水平,对酰化胃饥饿素(SMD=-0.18,P=0.39)和酪酪肽(SMD=0.23,P=0.39)的调节作用不显著。结果异质性较高,提示个体差异和干预方案对效果有潜在影响。高强度间歇训练调节食欲激素的效果显著,抗阻运动次之,但具体机制尚不明确。短周期的运动训练对于酪酪肽和胰高血糖素样肽1的影响更加显著,但效果随周期延长逐渐减弱。
结论:长期运动通过调节食欲激素对肥胖或超重人群的食欲产生抑制作用,高强度间歇训练和抗阻运动在这一领域表现出独特的干预效果,值得进一步深入研究。

关键词: 肥胖, 超重, 食欲, 食欲激素, 胃饥饿素, 酰化胃饥饿素, 酪酪肽, 胰高血糖素样肽1, 长期运动, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Long-term exercise is recommended as a weight loss strategy, but its specific effects on appetite-regulating hormones in overweight and obese individuals remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the effect of long-term exercise on appetite-regulating hormones in this population through a meta-analysis. 
METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase for randomized controlled trials from database inception to December 2024. Overweight or obese individuals were included, and the outcome indicators were appetite-regulating hormones (ghrelin, acylated ghrelin, peptide YY, and glucagon-like peptide 1). Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 16.
RESULTS: Long-term exercise interventions significantly increased ghrelin [standardized mean difference (SMD)=0.46, P=0.007] and glucagon-like peptide 1 levels (SMD=0.43, P=0.04). However, their effects on acylated ghrelin (SMD=-0.18, P=0.39) and peptide YY (SMD=0.23, P=0.39) were not significant. Substantial heterogeneity was relatively high, suggesting potential influences of individual differences and intervention protocols. High-intensity interval training showed the most pronounced effects on appetite-regulating hormone modulation, followed by resistance training. The mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Short-term training exhibited more notable effects on peptide YY and glucagon-like peptide 1 levels, but these effects diminished with extended training duration. 
CONCLUSION: Long-term exercise can modulate appetite-regulating hormones and suppress appetite in overweight or obese individuals, with high-intensity interval training and resistance training demonstrating significant potential for appetite reduction, which deserves further in-depth research.

Key words: obesity, overweight, appetite, appetite-regulating hormones, ghrelin, acylated ghrelin, peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide 1, long-term exercise, meta-analysis

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