中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (33): 7072-7079.doi: 10.12307/2025.855

• 骨与关节有限元分析Finite element analysis of bones and joints • 上一篇    下一篇

青少年特发性脊柱侧弯的三维有限元模态分析

叶小龙1,张语暄2,富荣昌2,刘  云3,玉散江·吾休尔3,艾斯卡尔·艾麦尔3,马  原3   

  1. 1新疆医科大学,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830054;2新疆大学智能制造现代产业学院(机械工程学院),新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830092;3新疆医科大学第六附属医院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市   830092
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-16 接受日期:2024-10-23 出版日期:2025-11-28 发布日期:2025-04-12
  • 通讯作者: 马原,主任医师,博士生导师,新疆医科大学第六附属医院脊柱外一科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830092
  • 作者简介:叶小龙,男,汉族,新疆医科大学在读博士,主要从事脊柱外科复杂脊柱畸形矫正、脊髓损伤和脊髓血流动力学等方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82260446),项目负责人:马原

A three-dimensional finite element modal analysis on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Ye Xiaolong1, Zhang Yuxuan2, Fu Rongchang2, Liu Yun3, Yusanjiang·Wuhuer3, Escar·Aimer3, Ma Yuan3   

  1. 1Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2College of Intelligent Manufacturing and Modern Industry (School of Mechanical Engineering), Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830092, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 3The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830092, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2024-08-16 Accepted:2024-10-23 Online:2025-11-28 Published:2025-04-12
  • Contact: Ma Yuan, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830092, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Ye Xiaolong, Doctoral candidate, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82260446 (to MY)

摘要:


文题释义:

青少年特发性脊柱侧弯:是一种脊柱在青少年期间发生的非先天性、非器质性病因引起的结构畸形,主要表现为脊柱侧向弯曲和旋转,对患者的生活质量和身体健康造成严重影响。
有限元模态分析:是一种基于有限元方法的结构动力学分析方法。通过将复杂的结构离散为有限数量的单元,建立单元之间的力学关系,并求解结构的动力学特性,如固有频率、模态振型等。


背景:青少年特发性脊柱侧弯是一种常见的脊柱畸形,严重影响患者的身心健康。模态分析将集中于解析胸椎的自然振动特性以及其在外部振动影响下的稳定性和响应,这一分析不仅有望增进对青少年特发性脊柱侧弯胸弯的理解,而且能为开发新的治疗策略、设计个性化支具和评估手术结果提供新的视角和方法。

目的:建立三维有限元模型,评估青少年特发性脊柱侧弯患者全胸椎和椎间盘在不同振动频率下的响应模式,确定潜在的损伤风险频率范围。
方法:研究于2023年6月至2024年6月在新疆医科大学第六附属医院和新疆大学博达校区机械工程学院共同完成。研究对象为1例重度青少年特发性脊柱侧弯胸弯患者,采用西门子双源螺旋CT机扫描获取CT图像,通过Mimics、Geomagic Studio、Solidworks和Hypermesh等软件建立精细的T1-T12全胸椎三维有限元模型。利用Abaqus软件对模型进行模态分析,获得全胸椎和椎间盘的前12阶模态最大振幅及其对应的振型。

结果与结论:①模态分析结果显示,全胸椎和椎间盘在低阶模态下主要围绕X、Y轴发生弯曲及扭转,而在高阶模态中则增加了围绕Z轴的旋转;②T1-T3和T6-T8节段表现出最为显著的变形和较高的载荷负担,提示这些区域在脊柱侧弯发展中起关键作用;③当固有频率长期集中在98.832-121.97 cycles/s时,全胸椎和椎间盘的振动位移较大,可能导致脊柱损伤;④通过有限元模态分析,可为了解青少年特发性脊柱侧弯患者整个胸椎和椎间盘在不同振动频率下的响应提供科学依据,从而为临床治疗、预防,特别是与振动相关的防护策略提供了重要见解;此外,通过识别损伤风险的潜在频率范围,可为制定青少年特发性脊柱侧弯患者的振动防护措施和优化脊柱护理策略提供重要依据。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5783-7758(叶小龙);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0014-7411(马原)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 青少年特发性脊柱胸弯, 有限元模态分析, 三维有限元模型, 生物力学特性, 损伤风险

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a common spinal deformity that seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients. Modal analysis will focus on analyzing the natural vibration characteristics of the thoracic spine and its stability and response under the influence of external vibration. This analysis is expected to not only enhance the understanding of the thoracic curvature of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, but also provide new perspectives and methods for developing new treatment strategies, designing personalized braces, and evaluating surgical outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: To create a three-dimensional finite element model to evaluate the response modes of the entire thoracic spine and intervertebral discs in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients at different vibration frequencies, and determine the potential frequency range of injury risk.
METHODS: This study was jointly conducted at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and the School of Mechanical Engineering at the Boda Campus of Xinjiang University from June 2023 to June 2024. The research subject was a patient with severe spinal and thoracic curvature. CT images were obtained using Siemens dual source spiral CT scanning, and a fine T1-T12 three-dimensional finite element model was established using software such as Mimics, Geomagic Studio, Solidworks, and Hypermesh. Abaqus software was used to perform modal analysis on the model and obtain the maximum amplitude and corresponding vibration modes of the first 12 modes of the entire thoracic spine and intervertebral disc. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The modal analysis results showed that the entire thoracic vertebrae and intervertebral discs mainly bent and twisted around the X and Y axes in the lower order modes, while increasing rotation around the Z axis in the higher order modes. (2) The T1-T3 and T6-T8 segments showed the most significant deformation and higher load burden, indicating that these regions played a crucial role in the development of scoliosis. (3) When the natural frequency was concentrated between 98.832 to 121.97 cycles/s for a long time, the vibration displacement of the entire thoracic vertebrae and intervertebral discs was large, which might lead to spinal injury. (4) Through finite element modal analysis, this study provides a scientific basis for understanding the response of the entire thoracic spine and intervertebral discs in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients under various vibration frequencies, thereby offering crucial insights into clinical treatment, prevention, and particularly, vibration-related protective strategies. Furthermore, by identifying the potential frequency range of injury risk, this study provides an important basis for developing vibration protection measures and optimizing spinal care strategies for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients.

Key words: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, finite element modal analysis, three-dimensional finite element model, biomechanical property, injury risk

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