中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (30): 6449-6456.doi: 10.12307/2025.907

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

节食与限时进食小鼠代谢指标及肠道菌群分布差异

崔月娜，陈晓瑜，梁美婷，陈邬锦，贺  怡，迪力努尔•艾克帕，杜满茜，朱语秋，阿卜杜吾普尔•海比尔，孙玉萍   

  1. 1新疆医科大学，新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市  830054；2新疆第二医学院，新疆维吾尔自治区克拉玛依市  834099；3新疆地方病分子生物学重点实验室，新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市  830054



  • 收稿日期:2024-10-14 接受日期:2024-11-22 出版日期:2025-10-28 发布日期:2025-03-28
  • 通讯作者: 孙玉萍，博士，教授，新疆医科大学，新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054；新疆地方病分子生物学重点实验室，新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054
  • 作者简介:崔月娜，女，1997年生，2024年新疆医科大学毕业，硕士，主要从事肠道菌群与节食方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(青年科学基金)资助项目(2022D01C211)，项目负责人：陈晓瑜

Differences of calorie restriction and time-restricted feeding on metabolic indices and gut microbiota of mice

Cui Yuena1, Chen Xiaoyu1, Liang Meiting2, Chen Wujin1, He Yi1, 2, Dilinur·Ekpa1, Du Manxi1, Zhu Yuqiu1, Abuduwupuer·Haibier1, #br# Sun Yuping1, 3#br#   

  1. 1Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China; 2Xinjiang Second Medical College, Karamay 834099, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China; 3Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2024-10-14 Accepted:2024-11-22 Online:2025-10-28 Published:2025-03-28
  • Contact: Sun Yuping, MD, Professor, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Endemic Diseases, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Cui Yuena, MS, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
     Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Youth Science Fund), No. 2022D01C211 (to CXY) 

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摘要：


文题释义：
节食：是一种通过减少热量摄入来改善健康的饮食策略，在保证营养均衡的前提下，适当地减少热量摄入，一般每日减少15%-40%的能量摄入量。
限时进食：在没有热量限制的情况下，将获取食物的时间限制在几个小时内，一般将每天摄入食物的时间限制在4-12 h，其余时间禁食。

背景：节食和限时进食作为两种常见的饮食模式，已被证明可以通过调节代谢改善健康，但是这两种饮食模式在代谢指标与肠道菌群之间的差异仍然需要进一步关注。
目的：探讨节食与限时进食小鼠代谢指标及肠道菌群分布差异。
方法：将C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为自由取食组、节食组、限时进食组，每组6只，进行28周饮食干预后，检测体质量、进食量、糖耐量、血清空腹胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型指数、血清瘦素等指标，采用16S rRNA序列测定不同干预方式对小鼠肠道菌群结构的影响，并通过LEfSe分析可能响应饮食干预的关键操作分类单元。
结果与结论：①与自由取食组相比，节食组和限时进食组体质量、进食量、糖耐量曲线下面积降低(P < 0.01)、血清瘦素降低(P < 0.05)，节食组空腹胰岛素水平、血清瘦素水平降低(P < 0.05)且明显低于限时进食组(P < 0.05)，节食组胰岛素抵抗稳态模型指数降低(P < 0.01)；②与自由取食组相比，节食组和限时进食组小鼠肠道菌群α多样性降低(P < 0.05)，且限时进食组略低于节食组；③发现15个与节食和限时进食干预有关的关键操作分类单元，其中8个与小鼠代谢表型呈正相关且丰度降低，3个与小鼠代谢表型呈负相关且丰度增加(P < 0.05)，OTU819毛螺菌科_UCG-006与体质量、糖耐量曲线下面积、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型指数、空腹胰岛素呈正相关，而OTU1397 Muribaculaceae与以上指标呈负相关。结果表明，节食和限时进食干预均能改善小鼠体质量和糖代谢，两种干预方式均引起肠道微生物组的重塑，有助于改善代谢失调。
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3710-9639(崔月娜)；https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5768-3652(孙玉萍)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

关键词: 节食, 限时进食, 糖代谢, 空腹胰岛素, 代谢表型, 肠道菌群, 操作分类单元, Ileibacterium_valens

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Both calorie restriction and time-restricted feeding, as two common dietary patterns, have been shown to improve health by regulating metabolism. However, the difference between these dietary patterns, metabolic indices, as well as the gut microbiota still requires further attention.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the differences of calorie restriction and time-restricted feeding on the metabolic indices and gut microbiota of mice.
METHODS: The C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups of ad libitum, calorie restriction, and time-restricted feeding (n=6 per group) for 28 weeks of dietary intervention. Various parameters such as body weight, food intake, glucose tolerance, serum fasting insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, and leptin were measured. The impact of different interventions on the gut microbiota structure in mice was explored using 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Key operational taxonomic units responsive to dietary interventions were identified through LEfSe analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the ad libitum group, the body weight, food intake, area under the glucose tolerance curve of the calorie restriction and time-restricted feeding groups were decreased (P < 0.01), and the serum leptin was decreased (P < 0.05). The fasting insulin level and serum leptin level of the calorie restriction group were decreased (P < 0.05) and were significantly lower than those of the time-restricted feeding group (P < 0.05); homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance decreased in the calorie restriction group (P < 0.01). (2) Compared with the ad libitum group, the α diversity of gut microbiota in the calorie restriction group and the time-restricted feeding group was decreased (P < 0.05), but the diversity of the time-restricted feeding group was slightly lower than that in the calorie restriction group. (3) There were 15 key operational taxonomic units related to calorie restriction and the time-restricted feeding intervention, of which 8 were positively correlated with metabolic phenotypes and their abundance decreased, and 3 were negatively correlated with metabolic phenotypes and their abundance increased (P < 0.05). OTU819 Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 was positively correlated with body weight, area under the glucose tolerance curve, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and fasting insulin, while OTU1397 Muribaculaceae was negatively correlated with these indicators. The results show that both calorie restriction and the time-restricted feeding intervention can improve the weight and glucose metabolism of mice, and both intervention modes caused the remodeling of the gut microbiota, which helped to improve the metabolic disorders.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

Key words: calorie restriction, time-restricted feeding, glucose metabolism, fasting insulin, metabolic phenotype, gut microbiota, operational taxonomic units, Ileibacterium_valens

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