中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 385-392.doi: 10.12307/2025.202

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

深层肌肉刺激与肌电生物反馈干预脑卒中后患者小腿三头肌痉挛和步态的改变

张其明,廖  迪,钟志亮,林利华,郑  翔,李  琼,单莎瑞   

  1. 广东药科大学附属第一医院,广东省广州市  510000


  • 收稿日期:2023-12-09 接受日期:2024-01-24 出版日期:2025-01-18 发布日期:2024-05-25
  • 通讯作者: 单莎瑞,博士,副主任医师,广东药科大学附属第一医院,广东省广州市 510000
  • 作者简介:张其明,男,1987年生,广东省韶关市人,汉族,硕士,主管治疗师,主要从事神经与运动康复的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东药科大学附属第一医院2023年教育教学研究与改革项目(2023JX07),项目负责人:单莎瑞;广东药科大学2023年度本科教学质量与教学改革工程项目(202333),项目负责人:单莎瑞

Effect of deep muscle stimulation combined with electromyographic biofeedback on the spasms of the triceps surae and gait changes after stroke 

Zhang Qiming, Liao Di, Zhong Zhiliang, Lin Lihua, Zheng Xiang, Li Qiong, Shan Sharui   

  1. Zhang Qiming, Liao Di, Zhong Zhiliang, Lin Lihua, Zheng Xiang, Li Qiong, Shan Sharui
    First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China 
  • Received:2023-12-09 Accepted:2024-01-24 Online:2025-01-18 Published:2024-05-25
  • Contact: Shan Sharui, MD, Associate chief physician, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Qiming, Master, Therapist in charge, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    The Education and Teaching Research and Reform Project of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 2023JX07 (to SSR); 2023 Undergraduate Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Project of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 202333 (to SSR)

摘要:

文题释义:
深层肌肉刺激治疗仪:是一种通过机械振动产生特定频率的振动波作用于深层肌肉组织的医疗设备,能有效激活肌肉、肌腱、关节囊内等各种感受器,促进本体感觉恢复,促进肌肉弹性的恢复,起到缓解肌肉紧张作用。
数字化肌肉检测仪:一款能够量化任意体位和角度状态下浅层肌肉的生物力学特性的检测设备,常用的指标为阻尼振荡频率和动态刚度,分别反映的是肌肉张力和硬度。
三维步态分析仪:是一款实时捕捉人体步行周期的时间、空间步态参数,并生成步态分析报告的定量检测仪器。


背景:深层肌肉刺激疗法具有松解粘连、缓解痉挛、改善和恢复肌肉顺应性和弹性等作用;肌电生物反馈疗法能有效促进神经恢复和改善下肢运动功能和步态。

目的:利用数字化肌肉检测仪和三维步态分析仪等手段综合评估深层肌肉刺激联合肌电生物反馈对脑卒中后小腿三头肌痉挛及步态改变的影响。
方法:选取2020年10月至2023年10月在广东药科大学附属第一医院康复科住院且符合纳入标准的患者72例,随机分为对照组和联合组,每组36例。对照组接受常规康复治疗+肌电生物反馈+假性深层肌肉刺激,联合组在对照组基础上增加真性深层肌肉刺激治疗,5次/周,连续4周。统计分析两组治疗前、后患侧腓肠肌内外侧振荡频率和动态刚度、踝背屈主动关节活动度、胫骨前肌肌电信号、下肢Fugl-Meyer评分量表和三维步态分析相关参数。
结果与结论:①两组患者治疗后患侧腓肠肌内外侧的振荡频率和动态刚度值较治疗前明显降低(P < 0.05),联合组较对照组降低更明显
(P < 0.05);②两组患者治疗后踝背屈主动活动度、胫骨前肌肌电信号和下肢Fugl-Meyer量表评分较治疗前明显增大或提高(P < 0.05),联合组较对照组增大或提高更明显(P < 0.05);③两组患者步速、步频、步幅均较治疗前明显增大(P < 0.05),联合组较对照组增大更明显(P < 0.05);健患侧支撑相百分比时间较治疗前降低(P < 0.05),联合组较对照组降低更明显(P < 0.05);④除健侧支撑百分比治疗前后变化量两组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)外,其余指标治疗前后的变化量联合组均较对照组效果更明显(P < 0.05);⑤结果说明,深层肌肉刺激治疗仪联合肌电生物反馈短期内能有效缓解脑卒中后小腿三头肌痉挛、改善踝背屈功能和提高下肢运动功能及改善步态,治疗效果显著。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2754-4713(张其明)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 脑卒中, 深层肌肉刺激, 数字化肌肉检测仪, 痉挛, 步态

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Deep muscle stimulation has the effects of releasing muscle adhesion, relieving muscle spasm, improving and restoring muscle compliance and elasticity. Electromyographic biofeedback therapy can promote nerve recovery and improve lower limb motor function and gait. 
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the effect of deep muscle stimulation combined with electromyographic biofeedback therapy on the spasm of the triceps surae and gait changes after stroke by using a digital muscle detector and three-dimensional gait analysis system.
METHODS: A total of 72 patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected from the Rehabilitation Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University from October 2020 to October 2023. And they were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups (n=36 per group): a control group and a combined group. The control group received routine rehabilitation therapies, electromyographic biofeedback and pseudo deep muscle stimulation, while the combined group received true deep muscle stimulation treatment on the basis of the control group, five times per week, for 4 consecutive weeks. The oscillation frequency and dynamic stiffness of the affected gastrocnemius muscle, active range of motion of the ankle dorsiflexion muscle, electromyographic signal of the tibialis anterior muscle, Fugl-Meyer assessment of the lower limbs, and three-dimensional gait analysis parameters were statistically analyzed before and after treatment in two groups.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After treatment, oscillation frequency and dynamic stiffness values of the inner and outer sides of the affected gastrocnemius muscle in both groups of patients were significantly reduced compared with before treatment (P < 0.05), and the combined group showed a more significant decrease compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The active range of motion of the ankle dorsiflexion muscle, electromyographic signal of the tibialis anterior muscle, and Fugl-Meyer scores after treatment were significantly increased or improved compared with before treatment (P < 0.05), while the combined group showed a more significant increase or improvement compared with the control group (P < 0.05). In terms of gait parameters, the walking speed, frequency, and stride in both groups of patients were significantly increased compared with before treatment (P < 0.05), while the combined group showed a more significant increase compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The percentage time of support phase on the healthy side was shortened compared with before treatment (P < 0.05), while the combined group showed a more significant decrease compared with the control group (P < 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference between the two groups except for the percentage of healthy side support (P > 0.05). To conclude, the combination of deep muscle stimulation and electromyographic biofeedback can effectively alleviate triceps spasm in the short term after stroke, improve ankle dorsiflexion function, enhance lower limb motor function, and improve gait. The treatment effect is significant and worthy of clinical promotion and application.


Key words:  stroke, deep muscle stimulation, digital muscle detector, spasm, gait

中图分类号: