中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 193-201.doi: 10.12307/2025.003

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

单细胞转录组测序技术在帕金森病中的应用

刘子瑜1,耿丹丹1,2,张润姣1,刘  清1,李一博1,王宏方1,谢文梦1,王文钰1,郝佳欣1,王  磊1,2   

  1. 河北医科大学,1人体解剖与组织胚胎学教研室,2神经与血管生物学教育部重点实验室,河北省石家庄市   050017
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-30 接受日期:2023-12-14 出版日期:2025-01-08 发布日期:2024-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 王磊,博士,教授,博士生导师,河北医科大学,人体解剖与组织胚胎学教研室,神经与血管生物学教育部重点实验室,河北省石家庄市 050017
  • 作者简介:刘子瑜,女,1999年生,河北省保定市人,汉族,河北医科大学在读硕士,主要从事神经退行性疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82071594),项目负责人:王磊;河北省自然科学基金(H2023206164),项目负责人:王磊;河北省自然科学基金(H2023206258),项目负责人:耿丹丹

Application of single-cell RNA sequencing technology in Parkinson’s disease

Liu Ziyu1, Geng Dandan1, 2, Zhang Runjiao1, Liu Qing1, Li Yibo1, Wang Hongfang1, Xie Wenmeng1, Wang Wenyu1, Hao Jiaxin1, Wang Lei1, 2   

  1. 1Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China; 2Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2023-10-30 Accepted:2023-12-14 Online:2025-01-08 Published:2024-05-20
  • Contact: Wang Lei, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China; Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Liu Ziyu, Master candidate, Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Wang Lei, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China; Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
单细胞转录组测序:是指获取单个细胞遗传信息的测序技术,即在单个细胞水平上对转录组进行测序的方法,有助于理解细胞异质性,使得细胞异质性得到最大程度的体现。
帕金森病:是一种常见的神经退行性疾病,老年人多见,其最主要的病理改变是中脑黑质多巴胺能神经元的变性死亡,导致这一病理改变的确切病因仍不清楚,遗传因素、环境因素、年龄老化、氧化应激等均可能参与多巴胺能神经元变性死亡过程。


背景:帕金森病以中脑特别是黑质致密部为主要病理改变,导致患者运动和非运动功能受损。目前研究受制于细胞异质性,其发病机制仍需要更深入的阐明。近些年,单细胞转录组测序(single-cell RNA sequencing,scRNA-seq)逐渐应用于神经退行性疾病中,对于理解细胞间异质性、疾病发展机制和治疗策略有重要意义。
目的:综述近些年scRNA-seq技术应用于帕金森病的研究进展,为scRNA-seq在帕金森病诊断和治疗中应用提供理论基础。
方法:由第一作者应用计算机系统检索中国知网、万方医学网数据库、PubMed、Web of Science数据库的相关文献,中文检索词为“单细胞RNA测序,帕金森病,细胞异质性,细胞亚型,多巴胺能神经元,胶质细胞”;英文检索词为“single-cell RNA-seq,Parkinson Disease,heterogeneity,subtypes,dopaminergic neurons,glial cells”,最终纳入71篇文献进行综述分析。
结果与结论:①scRNA-seq是一种在单细胞水平上利用RNA测序对特定细胞群体进行基因表达谱定量的高通量实验技术,从分子水平揭示细胞奥秘。与传统的测序技术相比,scRNA-seq技术通过对细胞转录组进行自动聚类分析,从而揭示各种生理和病理情况下复杂组织中细胞类型多样性和特异性基因表达的变化。②通过scRNA-seq阐明多巴胺能神经元发育过程以及各种细胞亚型的独特功能特性,从而更好地了解具有潜在治疗作用的分子靶点。③利用scRNA-seq分析,提高了研究者对帕金森病胶质细胞反应的了解,从而全面表征了不同的细胞类型群体,并鉴定出与神经变性相关的胶质细胞亚群,绘制了有价值的单细胞图谱,作为未来研究的参考数据。④应用scRNA-seq检测胚胎小鼠以及干细胞,将有助于改善细胞治疗的体外分化方案和质量控制,以及评估干细胞衍生的中脑多巴胺能神经元的整体细胞质量和发育阶段。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8022-1510 (刘子瑜);https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0741-8170 (王磊)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 单细胞转录组测序, 帕金森病, 神经退行性疾病, 细胞异质性, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease has the main pathological changes in the midbrain, especially in the dense substantia nigra, leading to impaired motor and non-motor function in patients. At present, research is limited by cellular heterogeneity, and its pathogenesis still needs to be further elucidated. In recent years, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has gradually been applied in neurodegenerative diseases, which is of great significance for understanding intercellular heterogeneity, disease development mechanisms, and treatment strategies.
OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of scRNA-seq technology applied to Parkinson’s disease in recent years, providing a theoretical basis for the application of scRNA-seq in the treatment and diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. 
METHODS: The first author used a computer system to search for relevant literature in the CNKI, WanFang, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, with the Chinese search terms “single-cell RNA sequencing, Parkinson’s disease, cell heterogeneity, cell subtypes, dopaminergic neurons, glial cells” and English search terms “single-cell RNA seq, Parkinson disease, heterogenicity, subtypes, dopaminergic neurons, glial cells.” 71 articles were ultimately included for review and analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) scRNA-seq is a high-throughput experimental technique that utilizes RNA sequencing at the single-cell level to quantify gene expression profiles in specific cell populations, revealing cellular mysteries at the molecular level. Compared with traditional sequencing techniques, scRNA-seq technology is used to reveal the diversity of cell types and changes in specific gene expression in complex tissues under various physiological and pathological conditions through automatic clustering analysis of cell transcriptome. (2) By using scRNA-seq, the development process of dopaminergic neurons and the unique functional characteristics of various cell subtypes are elucidated, in order to better understand potential therapeutic molecular targets. (3) The use of scRNA-seq analysis has improved our understanding of the response of Parkinson’s disease glial cells, enabling us to comprehensively map and characterize different cell type populations, identify specific glial cell subpopulations related to neurodegeneration, and draw valuable single cell maps as reference data for future research. (4) The application of scRNA-seq to detect embryonic mice and stem cells will help improve the in vitro differentiation protocol and quality control of cell therapy, as well as evaluate the overall cell quality and developmental stage of dopaminergic neurons derived from stem cells. 

Key words: single-cell sequencing technology, Parkinson’s disease, neurodegenerative disease, cell heterogeneity, review

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