中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (17): 2753-2758.doi: 10.12307/2024.478
• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇 下一篇
李露祎1,厉晓杰2,黑泽明1,刘 华1
收稿日期:
2023-07-25
接受日期:
2023-09-12
出版日期:
2024-06-18
发布日期:
2023-12-16
通讯作者:
刘华,副教授,首都体育学院,北京市 100191
作者简介:
李露祎,女,1998年生,北京市人,汉族,硕士,主要从事运动损伤的预防与康复研究。
基金资助:
Li Luyi1, Li Xiaojie2, Hei Zeming1, Liu Hua1
Received:
2023-07-25
Accepted:
2023-09-12
Online:
2024-06-18
Published:
2023-12-16
Contact:
Liu Hua, Associate professor, Capital University of Physical Education And Sports, Beijing 100191, China
About author:
Li Luyi, Master, Capital University of Physical Education And Sports, Beijing 100191, China
Supported by:
摘要:
文题释义:
前交叉韧带:是膝关节(胫股关节)中重要的结缔组织,起自胫骨平台髁间棘前方,终止于股骨外侧髁内侧面后部,共分为前内侧和后外侧两束。前交叉韧带是膝关节重要的旋转稳定器,主要用于限制胫骨的前移和内旋,保证膝关节运动的正常生物力学,防止造成膝关节损伤。
背景:临床上常采用移植物重建前交叉韧带,而不同移植物类型又影响着患者术后膝关节功能和康复方案的制定。
目的:回顾分析不同移植物类型对前交叉韧带重建后患者肌力、关节稳定性、功能性活动及重返运动的影响。结果与结论:选用骨-髌腱-骨移植物的患者应加强股四头肌离心收缩练习,康复后期应关注股四头肌耐力和爆发力的恢复。与骨-髌腱-骨移植物和腘绳肌肌腱移植物相比,选用股四头肌肌腱移植物的患者在5-8个月内符合回归标准的患者明显更少,应制定较长时间的训练计划,训练周期尽量持续到3年以上。选用腘绳肌肌腱移植物应强化多角度下腘绳肌力量训练,尤其是屈膝60°以上的周期至少持续至术后18周。选用腓骨长肌肌腱移植物的患者后续应加强踝关节周围肌肉力量,以足底肌肉力量为主。选用同种异体移植物应注意移植物经低剂量辐射消毒后其抗张力性降低20%,因此应关注膝关节稳定性训练。选用人工韧带移植物的患者3-6周内可渐进性增强股四头肌和腘绳肌力量训练,重视早期本体感觉练习,对平衡、跳跃及灵活性进行针对性训练。
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1734-0708(李露祎)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程
中图分类号:
李露祎, 厉晓杰, 黑泽明, 刘 华. 移植物类型对前交叉韧带重建后患者膝关节功能的影响[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2024, 28(17): 2753-2758.
Li Luyi, Li Xiaojie, Hei Zeming, Liu Hua. Effect of graft type on knee function after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2024, 28(17): 2753-2758.
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1.1.7 检索策略 以中国知网与 PubMed 数据库检索策略为例,见图1。
1.2 入选标准
1.3 文献质量评估和数据的提取 在各数据库中进行相关文献的初次检索,共获取中、英文文献1 156篇,阅读文题、摘要,必要时阅读全文,依据纳入标准和排除标准完成初筛,排除低质量、相关性差和重复研究等的文章,最终纳入文献 100篇完成精读,进行综述(图2)。
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文题释义:
前交叉韧带:是膝关节(胫股关节)中重要的结缔组织,起自胫骨平台髁间棘前方,终止于股骨外侧髁内侧面后部,共分为前内侧和后外侧两束。前交叉韧带是膝关节重要的旋转稳定器,主要用于限制胫骨的前移和内旋,保证膝关节运动的正常生物力学,防止造成膝关节损伤。临床移植物类型包括自体肌腱移植物、同种异体移植物以及人工韧带,其中最常用的自体肌腱移植物为骨-髌腱-骨、股四头肌肌腱、腘绳肌肌腱以及腓骨长肌肌腱。不同的移植物由于取腱位置、组织学特性、生物性能、愈合时间、并发症、免疫排斥等因素影响患者重建术后肌力、关节稳定性、功能性活动以及重返运动等康复计划的实施。因此,该文回顾并分析前交叉韧带重建术后不同种类移植物对膝关节功能和康复策略的影响,为术后康复方案制订提供参考依据,以利于前交叉韧带重建术后患者能够更好地恢复膝关节功能,重返运动和日常活动。
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