中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (24): 3839-3844.doi: 10.12307/2024.616

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

老年股骨颈骨折全髋或半髋关节置换的中远期状态:倾向性评分匹配法评价

李志鹏,环大维,袁兆丰,丁  凯,邱  越,夏天卫,沈计荣   

  1. 南京中医药大学附属医院(江苏省中医院),江苏省南京市   210004
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-23 接受日期:2023-07-29 出版日期:2024-08-28 发布日期:2023-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 沈计荣,主任医师,硕士生导师,南京中医药大学附属医院(江苏省中医院),江苏省南京市 210004
  • 作者简介:李志鹏,男,1997年生,山东省临沂市人,汉族,南京中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事关节与创伤研究。

Mid- and long-term state after total hip arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures in the elderly: evaluation using propensity score matching method

Li Zhipeng, Huan Dawei, Yuan Zhaofeng, Ding Kai, Qiu Yue, Xia Tianwei, Shen Jirong   

  1. Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of TCM), Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-04-23 Accepted:2023-07-29 Online:2024-08-28 Published:2023-11-21
  • Contact: Shen Jirong, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of TCM), Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Li Zhipeng, Master candidate, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of TCM), Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:

倾向性评分匹配法:是一种处理观察研究数据的统计学方法。在观察研究中,由于各种原因存在导致混杂因素较多,原始数据偏差大,影响后续数据间对比分析,倾向性评分匹配的方法正是为了减少这些偏差和混杂变量的影响,以便对实验组和对照组进行更合理的比较。
移位性股骨颈骨折:采用股骨颈骨折中最常用的Garden分型法,它通过判断骨折是否完全和移位情况将骨折分成4型。其中Ⅲ、Ⅳ型已经出现骨折处移位,统称为移位性股骨颈骨折,此类型属于关节置换的标准。


背景:关节置换是治疗老年移位性股骨颈骨折的主要手段,全髋关节置换与半髋关节置换的选择是目前具有较大争论的焦点。

目的:基于倾向性评分匹配法对比直接前入路下全髋与半髋关节置换治疗老年移位性股骨颈骨折的中远期生存状态。
方法:选择2016年1月至2021年1月收治的147例老年移位性股骨颈骨折患者(≥65岁),其中88例行全髋关节置换,59例行人工股骨头置换(半髋关节置换)。对于患者术前合并症采用年龄校正Charlson合并症评分表,计算患者虚弱度,并采用倾向性评分匹配法对两组患者进行1∶1匹配,比较匹配后两组患者的手术时间、出血量、术后住院时间、住院费用、营养指标、术后并发症、死亡率和术后生存时间,其中术后生存时间采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析。

结果与结论:①倾向性评分匹配后,两组共有42对匹配成功,匹配后两组患者术前资料均衡可比(P > 0.05);②与半髋关节置换组相比,全髋关节置换组手术时间(79.71 min vs. 59.07 min,P < 0.001)、出血量(839.64 mL vs. 597.83 mL,P=0.001)、住院费用(56 508.15元 vs. 41 702.85元,P < 0.001)明显增加,但全髋关节置换组死亡率低于半髋关节置换组(36% vs. 57%,HR=0.44,95%CI:0.23-0.87,P=0.018),平均生存时间长于半髋关节置换组(59.4个月 vs. 43.7个月,P=0.024);③两组患者在术后住院时间、术前术后营养指标、术后整体并发症发生率上,差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);但在术后疼痛方面,半髋关节置换组疼痛发生率明显高于全髋关节置换组(24% vs. 7%,P=0.035);④整体来看,全髋关节置换具有更好的长期预后生存效果,但对于身体素质差的患者则更适合行半髋关节置换;同时,术后的疼痛可能很大程度上会对患者髋关节置换后的生活质量及存活时间产生影响。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5539-3775 (李志鹏) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 直接前入路, 移位性股骨颈骨折, 老年, 全髋关节置换, 半髋关节置换, 年龄校正Charlson合并症评分, 倾向性评分匹配, 生存状态

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Arthroplasty is the primary treatment for displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly, and the choice of total hip arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty is currently the subject of considerable debate.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the mid- and long-term survival status of total hip arthroplasty versus hemiarthroplasty under a direct anterior approach for displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly based on the propensity score matching method. 
METHODS: One hundred and forty-seven elderly patients (≥ 65 years of age) with displaced femoral neck fractures were admitted from January 2016 to January 2021, of whom 88 had total hip arthroplasty (total hip arthroplasty group) and 59 had artificial femoral head replacement (hemiarthroplasty group). For the patients’ preoperative comorbidities, the age-corrected Charlson Comorbidity Scale was used to quantify the scores and calculate patient frailty. The propensity score matching method was used to match the two groups 1:1 and to compare the operation time, bleeding, postoperative hospitalization time, hospitalization cost, nutritional index, postoperative complications, and mortality between the two groups after matching. Postoperative survival time was determined by Kaplan-Meier Survival analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After propensity score matching, a total of 42 matched pairs were successful in both groups, and the preoperative data of patients in both groups were balanced and comparable after matching (P > 0.05). (2) Compared with the hemiarthroplasty group, operation time (79.71 minutes vs. 59.07 minutes, P < 0.001), bleeding volume (839.64 mL vs. 597.83 mL, P=0.001), and hospitalization cost (56 508.15 yuan vs. 41 702.85 yuan, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the total hip arthroplasty group. However, the mortality rate was lower in the total hip arthroplasty group than in the hemiarthroplasty group (36% vs. 57%, HR=0.44, 95%CI: 0.23-0.87, P=0.018), and the mean survival time was longer in the total hip arthroplasty group than in the hemiarthroplasty group (59.4 months vs. 43.7 months, P=0.024). (3) There were no statistically significant differences in postoperative hospitalization time, preoperative and postoperative nutritional indicators, and overall postoperative complication rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, in terms of postoperative pain, the incidence of pain was significantly higher in the hemiarthroplasty group than that in the total hip arthroplasty group (24% vs. 7%, P=0.035). (4) Overall, total hip arthroplasty has a better prognosis for survival, while hemiarthroplasty is more appropriate for patients with poor physical fitness. At the same time, postoperative pain may largely affect the quality and survival time of patients after hip arthroplasty.

Key words: direct anterior approach, displaced femoral neck fracture, elderly, total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, age-corrected Charlson comorbidity scale, propensity score matching, survival status

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