中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (24): 3897-3902.doi: 10.12307/2024.602

• 骨科植入物相关临床实践 Clinical practice of orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

支撑面稳定度在不同视觉输入条件下对轻度认知障碍老年人平衡能力的影响

齐刘心1,周  勉2,王祥宇3,孙  威1,王疆娜1   

  1. 1山东体育学院,山东省济南市   250102;2微山县人民医院,山东省济宁市   277600;3山东省运动康复研究中心,山东省济南市   250100
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-12 接受日期:2023-07-15 出版日期:2024-08-28 发布日期:2023-11-21
  • 通讯作者: 王疆娜,副教授,山东体育学院,山东省济南市 250102
  • 作者简介:齐刘心,女,1998年生,山东省德州市人,汉族,山东体育学院在读硕士,主要从事运动生物力学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QC091),项目负责人:王疆娜;国家自然科学基金(31700815),项目负责人:孙威;国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(S202210457002),项目负责人:孙威

Effect of support surface stability on balance in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment under different visual input conditions

Qi Liuxin1, Zhou Mian2, Wang Xiangyu3, Sun Wei1, Wang Jiangna1   

  1. 1Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China; 2People’s Hospital of Weishan, Jining 277600, Shandong Province, China; 3Shandong Sports Rehabilitation Research Center, Jinan 250100, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2023-06-12 Accepted:2023-07-15 Online:2024-08-28 Published:2023-11-21
  • Contact: Wang Jiangna, Associate professor, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Qi Liuxin, Master candidate, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Shandong Natural Science Foundation, No. ZR2020QC091 (to WJN); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31700815 (to SW); National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program, No. S202210457002 (to SW)

摘要:


文题释义:

轻度认知障碍老年人:轻度认知障碍是介于正常衰老与痴呆之间的一种过渡状态,在5-10年内进展为痴呆症的比率为60%-100%。认知和执行能力下降是其早期特征,随着病情的进展会严重影响到老年人的平衡功能,增加老年人在行走过程中的跌倒风险,轻度认知障碍老年人不仅是未来痴呆症的高危人群,也是跌倒的高危人群。
支撑面稳定度:静态平衡能力是指维持身体直立姿势的能力,保持和控制静态平衡的能力对于老年人的日常生活活动至关重要。支撑面是影响静态平衡的重要外部因素,其稳定程度直接影响着静态平衡能力的控制。


背景:支撑面稳定度与视觉输入是影响静态平衡的重要因素,但目前对轻度认知障碍老年人平衡能力的研究大多集中在稳定的硬支撑面,对其在不同视觉输入条件下不稳定支撑面上的静态平衡控制尚未可知。

目的:探讨轻度认知障碍老年人不同视觉输入条件下在软、硬支撑面上的静态平衡能力。
方法:选择21名轻度认知障碍老年人和19名认知正常老年人为研究对象,使用Kistler三维测力台分别对其进行睁眼双脚硬支撑面站立、睁眼双脚软支撑面站立、闭眼双脚硬支撑面站立、闭眼双脚软支撑面站立4种测试,每次测试站立持续时间为30 s,采集2组人群不同视觉条件下在软、硬支撑面站立时的足底压力中心数据,并进行对比。

结果与结论:①有视觉输入条件下,轻度认知障碍老年人在软、硬支撑面上足底压力中心的总摇摆路径(软支撑面:P=0.003)、内外总摇摆路径(软支撑面:P=0.001,硬支撑面:P < 0.001)和95%椭圆置信面积(软支撑面:P=0.001,硬支撑面:P < 0.001)显著高于认知正常老年人;②无视觉输入条件下,轻度认知障碍老年人在软支撑面上足底压力中心的均方根距离(P=0.014)、内外均方根距离(P=0.014)和95%椭圆置信面积(P=0.001)显著高于认知正常老年人,而在硬支撑面上组间无显著性差异(P > 0.05);③结果表明:相比于正常老年人在软、硬支撑面能够充分利用视觉感觉输入维持身体平衡,轻度认知障碍老年人表现出平衡功能的缺失。尤其是在视觉受到干扰时,轻度认知障碍老年人更加依靠足踝本体感觉维持平衡,提示轻度认知障碍老年人应该着重加强足踝本体感觉训练。

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5660-3373 (王疆娜) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 轻度认知障碍, 老年人, 静态平衡, 支撑面, 足底压力中心

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Stability of the support surface and visual input are important factors affecting static balance, but most of the studies on the balance ability of elderly with mild cognitive impairment have focused on the stable hard support surface, and the control of static balance on the unstable support surface under different visual input conditions is not known.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the static balance ability of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment on soft and hard support surfaces under different visual input conditions.
METHODS: Twenty-one elderly people with mild cognitive impairment and nineteen elderly people with normal cognition were selected for the study, and the Kistler three-dimensional dynamometer was used to conduct four tests: standing with two feet on hard support surface with eyes open, standing with two feet on soft support surface with eyes open, standing with two feet on hard support surface with eyes closed, standing with two feet on soft support surface with eyes closed, and standing with two feet on soft support surface with eyes closed, and the duration of each test was 30 seconds. The plantar center of pressure data were collected and compared between the two groups under different visual conditions on the soft and hard support surfaces.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under the condition of visual input, the total excursions (soft support surface: P=0.003), the total excursions-medial-lateral sides (soft support surface: P=0.001, hard support surface: P < 0.001) and the 95% confidence ellipse area (soft support surface: P=0.001, hard support surface: P < 0.001) of the center of pressure in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment on the soft and hard support surfaces were significantly higher than those of the elderly with normal cognition. (2) In the absence of visual input, the root mean square distance (P=0.014), the root mean square distance-medial-lateral sides (P=0.014), and the 95% confidence ellipse area (P=0.001) of center of pressure in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment on the soft support surfaces were significantly higher than those of the elderly with normal cognition, but there were no significant differences between the groups on the hard support surface (P > 0.05). (3) These findings confirm that compared with the elderly with normal cognition who could make full use of visual sensory input to maintain body balance on the soft and hard support surfaces, mild cognitive impairment elderly presented a deficit in balance function. In particular, mild cognitive impairment elderly relied more on ankle proprioception to maintain balance when visual interference was present, suggesting that mild cognitive impairment elderly should focus on strengthening ankle proprioceptive training. 

Key words: mild cognitive impairment, elderly, static balance, support surface, center of pressure

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