中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (26): 4234-4241.doi: 10.12307/2024.380

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

磁共振成像影像导航及靶区选择在经颅磁刺激治疗中的应用

王  荔1,陈  鹏2,韦秀英1,卢阳佳3,赖思嘉1,王凯华1   

  1. 广西中医药大学附属国际壮医医院,1脑病科,2放射科,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530200;3广西中医药大学针灸推拿学院,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530200
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-23 接受日期:2023-07-14 出版日期:2024-09-18 发布日期:2023-10-07
  • 通讯作者: 王凯华,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,广西中医药大学附属国际壮医医院脑病科,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530200
  • 作者简介:王荔,女,1984年生,江苏省南通市人,壮族,博士,副主任医师,主要从事帕金森病及运动障碍性疾病相关的脑结构及功能核磁共振研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广西中医药大学博士科研启动基金项目(2020BS031),项目负责人:王荔;广西壮族自治区中医药局自筹经费项目(20210393),项目负责人:王荔;广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2021KY0308),项目负责人:王荔;中国民族医药学会科研项目(2022M1112-140201),项目负责人:王荔;广西中医药脑病重点学科(GZXK-Z-20-14),项目负责人:王凯华;广西中医药大学第二批“岐黄工程”高层次人才团队培育项目(2021008),项目负责人:王凯华

Application of MRI-based image navigation and target selection in transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment

Wang Li1, Chen Peng2, Wei Xiuying1, Lu Yangjia3, Lai Sijia1, Wang Kaihua1   

  1. 1Department of Neurology, 2Department of Radiology, International Zhuang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 3College of Acupuncture and Massage, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2023-05-23 Accepted:2023-07-14 Online:2024-09-18 Published:2023-10-07
  • Contact: Wang Kaihua, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Neurology, International Zhuang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Li, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Neurology, International Zhuang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the Doctoral Research Foundation Project of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 2020BS031 (to WL); the Self-funded Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau of Guangxi, No. 20210393 (to WL); the Basic Research Ability Improvement Project of Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Universities of Guangxi, No. 2021KY0308 (to WL); the Research Project of Chinese Society of Ethnic Medicine, No. 2022M1112-140201 (to WL); the Guangxi Key Discipline of Encephalopathy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. GZXK-Z-20-14 (to WKH); the Second Batch of “Qihuang Project” High-Level Talent Team Cultivation Project of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 2021008 (to WKH)

摘要:


文题释义:

经颅磁刺激:是一种无创性神经调控技术,它主要通过刺激线圈中快速变化的电流产生时变脉冲磁场,透过颅骨对大脑皮质产生局部电流刺激,引起脑内代谢和神经元兴奋或抑制,达到改善、治疗神经精神疾病的作用。
基于核磁共振成像的影像导航与靶区选择:包括基于核磁共振成像的定位导航和脑刺激位点选择两个方面内容,前者是指在操作前获取患者大脑核磁共振成像影像信息,经过计算机的辅助运算,将模拟重建的图像与患者实际解剖结构实时配准、显示,即通过神经导航系统或移动式增强现实技术实现经颅磁刺激线圈的放置引导,发挥医学导航作用,完成高质量定位;后者是通过分析、重建多种不同模态MRI数据,找到具有特定解剖学形态、存在疾病特征或个体差异的目标脑区,以实现经颅磁刺激治疗特征性脑区的选择。


背景:在经颅磁刺激临床实际应用中,是否能准确瞄准刺激脑区可影响经颅磁刺激的实际治疗效果。近年来,随着神经导航系统、移动式增强现实技术的发展,以及多种不同模态磁共振成像数据分析方法的出现,刺激靶区定位的准确性和靶区选择的优化有望得到进一步的提高。

目的:综述基于磁共振成像的影像导航定位原理及在经颅磁刺激中的应用,归纳不同模态磁共振成像数据分析在指导经颅磁刺激靶区选择上的作用。
方法:应用计算机在PubMed、中国知网和万方数据库检索相关文献,以 “transcranial magnetic stimulation,coil positioning,neuronavigation,augmented reality,magnetic resonance imaging,经颅磁刺激,线圈定位,神经导航,增强现实,核磁共振成像,原理”为主要检索词,最终纳入63篇文献进行分析。

结果与结论:①传统经颅磁刺激线圈放置方法中,“5 cm规则”、国际脑电10-20定位法最为常用,这些方法具有简便、经济的优点,但过于依赖操作者的经验,存在不同操作者的技术差异。②基于立体定向技术发展而来的神经导航系统是目前可视化程度及准确度最高的辅助经颅磁刺激线圈放置的引导方式,它通过MRI数据采集、脑三维重建、头模配准及立体几何定位等步骤来实现可视化定位,具有较高的临床治疗及科研应用价值,但因其设备较为昂贵,目前在医疗机构中尚未普及。③对于不同层次的医疗单位,移动式移动式增强现实技术不失为一种经济、高效的神经导航系统替代方案,它通过磁共振成像数据采集、构建二维/三维图像、虚拟图像与真实脑图像叠加来实现头皮下脑组织可视化定位,具有直观性强、成本低廉的优势,可在基层医疗单位推广应用。④尽管相对脑电10-20定位策略,可视化定位的临床疗效优越性目前尚未充分体现,但随着研究者对人脑多种不同模态磁共振成像扫描数据的挖掘,有望进一步优化经颅磁刺激治疗靶区选择的策略,提高经颅磁刺激治疗应答率和个性化程度,这在将来是极具潜力和挑战的研究方向。

https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7112-3568(王荔);https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7027-2738(王凯华)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 经颅磁刺激, 线圈定位, 靶区选择, 脑三维重建, 立体定向技术, 神经导航系统, 移动式增强现实, 脑3D解剖成像, 脑功能成像, 脑结构成像

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In clinical application, the therapeutic effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation depends on the ability to accurately target the areas of the brain that need to be stimulated. In recent years, with the development of neuronavigation systems, mobile augmented reality technology, and the new methods of processing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, the accuracy of stimulus target localization and the optimization of target selection are expected to improve further.
OBJECTIVE: To review the principle of MRI-based image navigation and its application in transcranial magnetic stimulation and summarize the roles of different modal MRI data analyses in guiding the selection of target areas for transcranial magnetic stimulation.
METHODS: An online computer search for relevant literature was performed in PubMed, CNKI database and WanFang database, with the keywords “transcranial magnetic stimulation, coil positioning, neuronavigation, augmented reality, magnetic resonance, theory.” Finally, 63 documents were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among the traditional methods of positioning transcranial magnetic stimulation coils, the “5 cm rule” and the international electroencephalogram 10-20 positioning method are the most commonly used. These methods have the advantages of simplicity and economy, but they rely too much on the operator’s experience and there were technical differences between operators. The neuronavigation system, which is based on stereotactic technology, is the guiding method for positioning transcranial magnetic stimulation coils with the highest visual degree and accuracy. It achieves visual positioning through MRI data acquisition, 3D brain reconstruction, head model registration and stereogeometric positioning. It has high application value in clinical treatment and scientific research, but it cannot be promoted in medical institutions due to its high cost. For various medical institutions, mobile augmented reality is a cost-effective and efficient alternative to the neuronavigation system, which achieves visual positioning of brain tissue under the scalp through MRI data acquisition, 2D/3D image construction, virtual image and real brain image superposition. It has the advantages of directly visualization and low cost, and is expected to be popularized and applied in primary medical units. Although the superiority of clinical efficacy of visual coil positioning over the electroencephalogram 10-20 localization strategy has not yet been fully demonstrated, with the progress of brain MRI data analysis, visual positioning is expected to further optimize the target selection strategy of transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy and to improve the response rate and individuation degree of transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment. This is a promising and challenging research direction in the future.

Key words: transcranial magnetic stimulation, coil positioning, target selection, 3D brain reconstruction, stereotactic technique, neuronavigation system, mobile augmented reality, brain 3D anatomical imaging, brain function imaging, brain structure imaging

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