中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9): 1383-1387.doi: 10.12307/2023.928

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

糖尿病对初次全膝关节置换围术期失血量和疼痛的影响

齐浩东1,鲁  超2,徐韩博1,王孟飞1,郝阳泉2   

  1. 1陕西中医药大学,陕西省咸阳市   712000;2西安交通大学附属红会医院,陕西省西安市   710000
  • 收稿日期:2022-12-15 接受日期:2023-02-20 出版日期:2024-03-28 发布日期:2023-07-25
  • 通讯作者: 郝阳泉,博士,主任医师,硕士研究生导师,西安交通大学附属红会医院,陕西省西安市 710000
  • 作者简介:齐浩东,男,1999年生,黑龙江省庆安县人,汉族,陕西中医药大学在读硕士,主要从事骨科疾病的临床与基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省科技厅一般项目社会发展领域(2020SF-292),项目负责人:鲁超

Effect of diabetes mellitus on perioperative blood loss and pain after primary total knee arthroplasty

Qi Haodong1, Lu Chao2, Xu Hanbo1, Wang Mengfei1, Hao Yangquan2   

  1. 1Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China; 2Xi’an Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Received:2022-12-15 Accepted:2023-02-20 Online:2024-03-28 Published:2023-07-25
  • Contact: Hao Yangquan, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Xi’an Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
  • About author:Qi Haodong, Master candidate, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the General Project Social Development Field of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology, No. 2020SF-292 (to LC)

摘要:


文题释义:

糖尿病:是老年人群中常见的慢性代谢性疾病,患者的血糖水平升高,随着时间的推移,它可以导致心脏、血管、肾脏和神经严重损伤。糖尿病也与骨性关节炎、骨质疏松症等骨科疾病密切相关。
全膝关节置换术:是通过外科手术的方式用人工关节植入物替换损坏的关节软骨等部分,是治疗膝关节骨关节炎和类风湿关节炎患者疼痛和功能障碍的主要手术方式。


背景:全膝关节置换是终末期骨关节炎的主要治疗措施,但糖尿病会影响治疗效果和预后等。

目的:探讨糖尿病对初次全膝关节置换围术期失血量和置换后疼痛的影响。
方法:回顾性分析2021年1-4月在西安交通大学附属红会医院骨坏死与关节重建病区行初次全膝关节置换且符合纳入标准的154例患者的临床资料,根据糖尿病诊断标准分为非糖尿病组与糖尿病组,其中糖尿病组32例,男性9例,女性23例,年龄55-80(66.58±7.16)岁;非糖尿病组122例,男性34例,女性88例,年龄44-83(66.69±6.63)岁。记录两组患者围术期失血量(全失血量、隐性失血量、血红蛋白下降值和红细胞压积下降值),记录置换前和置换后的目测类比评分、HSS评分、Caprini评分等。

结果与结论:①非糖尿病组的全失血量(729.93±233.83) mL显著低于糖尿病组(853.69±184.91) mL,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05),非糖尿病组的隐性失血量(624.40±233.19) mL显著低于糖尿病组(749.08±179.49) mL,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);②置换前和置换后1个月非糖尿病组目测类比评分显著低于糖尿病组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05),置换后3 d和置换后3个月非糖尿病组与糖尿病组的目测类比评分差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③置换后1个月非糖尿病组HSS评分明显高于糖尿病组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05),而置换后3个月两组HSS评分差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④置换前和置换后3 d两组间Caprini评分差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤结果表明,患糖尿病会增加初次全膝关节置换的全失血量和隐性失血量,在全膝关节置换后短期内,糖尿病会增加患者疼痛并影响关节功能恢复,但随时间延长其影响会逐渐消失。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0895-9713 (齐浩东) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 全膝关节置换术, 糖尿病, 骨关节炎, 全失血量, 隐性失血量, 视觉模拟评分, 康复

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty is the main therapeutic regimen for end-stage osteoarthritis. However, diabetes mellitus can affect the treatment effect and prognosis.  
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of diabetes mellitus on perioperative blood loss and postoperative pain in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 154 patients who underwent primary total knee arthroplasty and met the inclusion criteria in the Osteonecrosis and Joint Reconstruction Ward of Xi’an Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University from January to April 2021. Patients were divided into a non-diabetic group and a diabetic group according to their diagnosis, with 32 cases in the diabetic group, 9 males and 23 females, aged 55 to 80 (66.58±7.16) years and 122 cases in the non-diabetic group, 34 males and 88 females, aged 44 to 83 (66.69±6.63) years. Perioperative blood loss (including total blood loss, hidden blood loss, the falling value of hemoglobin and hematocrit) was calculated for both groups. Visual analog scale scores, hospital for special surgery knee score, and Caprini scores were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Total blood loss was significantly lower in the non-diabetic group (729.93±233.83 mL) than that in the diabetic group (853.69±184.91 mL) (P < 0.05). Latent hidden blood loss was also significantly lower in the non-diabetic group (624.40±233.19 mL) than that in the diabetic group (749.08±179.49 mL) (P < 0.05). (2) In the non-diabetic group, the visual analog scale scores preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively were significantly lower than those in the diabetic group (P < 0.05). The differences in visual analog scale scores at 3 days and 3 months postoperatively between the non-diabetic group and the diabetic group were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). (3) The hospital for special surgery knee score at 1 month postoperatively was significantly higher in the non-diabetic group than that in the diabetic group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in hospital for special surgery knee score between the two groups at 3 months postoperatively (P > 0.05). (4) There was no statistically significant difference in preoperative and postoperative Caprini scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). (5) It is concluded that having diabetes increases total and occult hidden blood loss in primary total knee arthroplasty. In the short term after total knee arthroplasty, diabetes increases the patient’s pain and affects the recovery of joint function, but the negative effects fade with time.

Key words: total knee arthroplasty, diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, total blood loss, hidden blood loss, visual analog scale score, rehabilitation

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