中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 1285-1295.doi: 10.12307/2025.316

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

内质网应激与常见退行性骨骼疾病的发生与发展

钱  琨1,2,李子卿1,2,孙  水1,2   

  1. 1山东第一医科大学附属省立医院骨关节科,山东省济南市  250021;2医学科技创新中心骨科实验室,山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院),山东省济南市  250117


  • 收稿日期:2024-01-27 接受日期:2024-04-19 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2024-06-22
  • 通讯作者: 孙水,主任医师,博士生导师,山东第一医科大学附属省立医院骨关节科,山东省济南市 250021;医学科技创新中心骨科实验室,山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院),山东省济南市 250117
  • 作者简介:钱琨,男,1997年生,山东省菏泽市人,山东第一医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨关节疾病的防治研究。

Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the occurrence and development of common degenerative bone diseases

Qian Kun1, 2, Li Ziqing1, 2, Sun Shui1, 2     

  1. 1Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China; 2Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2024-01-27 Accepted:2024-04-19 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2024-06-22
  • Contact: Sun Shui, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China; Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Qian Kun, Master candidate, Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China; Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong Province, China

摘要:




文题释义:
内质网应激:内质网是真核细胞中最大的膜结合细胞器,参与蛋白质和脂质的合成、解毒以及细胞内Ca2+储存等。当细胞受到营养不足、促炎细胞因子、衰老、低pH值、缺氧等刺激时,可能导致内质网稳态紊乱,使管腔中的蛋白质发生错误折叠或未折叠,即内质网应激。
骨关节炎:是常见的关节退行性疾病,主要症状包括疼痛和关节活动受限,涉及软骨退化、滑膜炎、半月板病变和软骨下骨重塑等病理表现。关节软骨的受损和破坏是骨关节炎最显著的病理特征。
骨质疏松症:是一种全身性骨代谢疾病,分为原发性骨质疏松症(衰老、雌激素缺乏)和继发性骨质疏松症(药物、疾病引起的骨量丢失),主要特征包括骨量减少、骨微结构损坏和骨脆性增加,易导致骨折。
椎间盘退变:是常见的肌肉骨骼系统退行性疾病,也是导致慢性下腰痛的主要因素。主要病理特征包括髓核细胞凋亡、细胞外基质的破坏以及炎性细胞的浸润等,进而引起椎间盘含水量下降、弹性降低等变化,最终导致椎间盘结构紊乱、负荷能力降低。

背景:常见的退行性骨骼疾病,如骨关节炎、骨质疏松症和椎间盘退变,其具体的发病分子机制目前尚未明确,可能涉及内质网应激。目前,关于内质网应激在这些常见骨骼疾病发病机制中的系统作用和相关治疗进展的研究较为有限。
目的:综述内质网应激在常见的退行性骨骼疾病中的作用,深入探讨这些疾病的分子机制并提供新的防治思路和视角。
方法:检索2000-2024年相关文献,以“内质网应激,骨骼疾病,未折叠蛋白反应,骨关节炎,骨质疏松症,椎间盘退变,自噬,凋亡,铁死亡,焦亡”为中文检索词检索中国知网、万方、维普数据库;以“endoplasmic reticulum stress,bone disease,unfolded protein response,osteoarthritis,osteoporosis,intervertebral disc degeneration,autophagy,apoptosis,ferroptosis,pyroptosis”为英文检索词检索PubMed、Web of science 数据库。排除重复和较陈旧的文献,共115篇文献符合纳入标准。 
结果与结论:①内质网应激在细胞生理调节中具有双重效应。轻度的内质网应激有助于促进成骨分化和细胞外基质合成,然而持续过度的内质网应激则会导致细胞死亡。②内质网应激诱导的细胞自噬、凋亡等与骨关节炎、骨质疏松症、椎间盘退变密切相关。③衰老、药物不良反应、代谢紊乱、钙平衡失调、不良生活习惯等多种原因可导致内质网应激的长期激活,从而引起骨重塑紊乱、软骨损伤、髓核细胞死亡等病理表现,最终导致骨关节炎、骨质疏松和椎间盘退变的发生。④对引发内质网应激的相关机制进行干预,有望在预防和治疗骨关节炎、骨质疏松症和椎间盘退变等常见退行性骨病方面发挥作用。
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6350-8368(钱琨)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 内质网应激, 骨骼疾病, 未折叠蛋白反应, 骨关节炎, 骨质疏松症, 椎间盘退变

Abstract:
BACKGROUND:
The specific molecular mechanisms underlying common degenerative bone diseases, such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and intervertebral disc degeneration, are currently unclear and may involve endoplasmic reticulum stress. At present, research on the systematic role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of these common skeletal diseases and related therapeutic progress is relatively limited.
OBJECTIVE: To review the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in common degenerative bone diseases, explore the molecular mechanisms of these diseases in depth, and provide new ideas and perspectives for prevention and treatment of these diseases.
METHODS: Relevant literature from 2000 to 2024 was searched in CNKI, WanFang, VIP, PubMed and Web of Science databases using the search terms of “endoplasmic reticulum stress, bone disease, unfolded protein response, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, intervertebral disc degeneration, autophagy, apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis” in Chinese and English. After removal of duplicates and older literature, a total of 115 articles met the inclusion criteria. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Endoplasmic reticulum stress has a dual effect in regulating cell physiology. Mild endoplasmic reticulum stress promotes osteogenic differentiation and extracellular matrix synthesis; however, persistent excessive endoplasmic reticulum stress leads to cell death. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced cell autophagy and apoptosis are closely related to osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and intervertebral disc degeneration. Aging, drug side effects, metabolic disorders, calcium imbalance, poor lifestyle habits and other reasons may lead to long-term activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, which causes bone remodeling disorders, cartilage damage, nucleus pulposus cell death and other pathological manifestations, ultimately leading to the occurrence of osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration. Intervention in the relevant mechanisms triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress is expected to play a role in the prevention and treatment of common degenerative bone diseases, such as osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration.

Key words:  endoplasmic reticulum stress, bone disease, unfolded protein response, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, intervertebral disc degeneration

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