中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (33): 5370-5371.doi: 10.12307/2023.741

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

单细胞转录组测序在椎间盘退行性变中的应用

吴  昊1,叶冬平1,2   

  1. 1贵州医科大学,贵州省贵阳市   550025;2广州市红十字会医院,广东省广州市   510220
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-10 接受日期:2022-12-09 出版日期:2023-11-28 发布日期:2023-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 叶冬平,博士,主任医师,硕士生导师,贵州医科大学,贵州省贵阳市 550025;广州市红十字会医院,广东省广州市 510220
  • 作者简介:吴昊,男,1994年生,安徽省蚌埠市人,汉族,贵州医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事椎间盘退行性变方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广州市科技计划项目(202102010111),项目负责人:叶冬平

Application of single-cell RNA sequencing in intervertebral disc degeneration

Wu Hao1, Ye Dongping1, 2   

  1. 1Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China; 2Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou 510220, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2022-10-10 Accepted:2022-12-09 Online:2023-11-28 Published:2023-03-30
  • Contact: Ye Dongping, MD, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China; Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Guangzhou 510220, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Wu Hao, Master candidate, Physician, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project, No. 202102010111 (to YDP)

摘要:


文题释义:

单细胞转录组测序:是在单个细胞水平上对mRNA进行高通量测序并进行数据分析的一项技术,能够有效探究组织内细胞间的异质性。
椎间盘退行性变:因年龄增长、创伤、劳损等因素,导致椎间盘髓核含水量下降,椎间盘失去弹力和张力,进一步压迫神经根导致颈
腰痛。

背景:经过十余年的发展,单细胞转录组测序技术逐渐成熟,并在最近3年里逐步应用于椎间盘退行性变的研究中。
目的:综述近几年单细胞转录组技术在椎间盘退行性变研究中的应用与进展。
方法:由第一作者使用计算机检索PubMed,ScienceDirect及Web of Science数据库中相关文献,检索词为“single cell RNA sequencing,intervertebral disc degeneration,nucleus pulposus,annulus fibrosus”。 通过阅读筛选出相关性文献,最终纳入58篇文献进行结果分析。

结果与结论:单细胞转录组测序技术作为一门新兴技术,已被广泛应用于肿瘤异质性、免疫微环境、胚胎发育、神经科学、细胞分化等领域的研究。最近几年越来越多的学者应用单细胞转录组测序技术研究椎间盘退行性变。这些研究帮助学者们认识到髓核、纤维环复杂的异质性。新发现的髓核亚群可归纳为以下4种:一是在正常髓核组织中占比较多的髓核细胞,通常被命名为“纤维髓核细胞”,其具有多分化能力以保持纤维软骨细胞发育;二是在轻度退变髓核中大量出现的“稳态髓核细胞”,此亚群细胞主要进行调节软骨细胞代谢活动的稳态平衡以响应环境信号,并且高表达胶原蛋白相关基因与细胞外基质的分泌有关;三是仅在退变髓核组织中发现的“炎症髓核细胞”,在此亚群中NF-κB家族转录因子调节活性增强;四是在严重退变髓核组织中较多标记基因为FN1的“黏附髓核细胞”。这些亚群的发现更进一步了解组织内部丰富的分化与变性机制以及椎间盘退变在转录组学层面的变化。PROCR+PDGFRA+髓核细胞、CD90+髓核细胞、UTS2R+髓核细胞等具有较强的生长和分化潜力,这些髓核祖细胞的发现为以后从再生医学、组织工程学等角度探究椎间盘退行性变的治疗手段提供了可能。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6817-8022 (吴昊);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2677-6267 (叶冬平)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 单细胞转录组测序, 椎间盘退行性变, 椎间盘, 髓核, 祖细胞, 铁死亡

Abstract: BACKGROUND: After over ten years of development, single-cell RNA sequencing has mellowed and in the last three years has been progressively adopted in the study of intervertebral disc degeneration.  
OBJECTIVE: To overview the utilization and the progress of single-cell RNA technology within the field of intervertebral disc degeneration research during the last few years.
METHODS: The first author searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases with the key words “single cell RNA sequencing, intervertebral disc degeneration, nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus”. The literature was screened for relevance by reading and 58 articles were included in the final analysis.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: As an emerging technology, single-cell RNA sequencing has been widely applied to the study of tumor heterogeneity, immune microenvironment, embryonic development, neuroscience, cell differentiation and many other fields. In recent years, an increasing number of scholars have applied single-cell RNA sequencing to research intervertebral disc degeneration. These studies have helped researchers to recognize the complex heterogeneity of the nucleus pulposus and fibrous rings: the newly discovered subpopulations of nucleus pulposus can be grouped into four groups: firstly, the nucleus pulposus cells that are more prevalent in normal nucleus pulposus tissue, often named “fibrous nucleus cells”, which can polydifferentiate to maintain fibrocartilage development; secondly, the “stable nucleus pulposus cells” that are more prevalent in mildly degenerated nucleus pulposus, which are responsible for regulating the homeostatic balance of chondrocyte metabolic activity in response to environmental signals and are highly expressed in collagen-related genes and extracellular matrix. Thirdly, the “inflammatory nucleus pulposus” is found only in degenerated nucleus pulposus tissue. In this subpopulation, the regulatory activity of NF-κB family transcription factors is enhanced. The fourth is the “adherent nucleus pulposus”, which is more abundant in severely degenerated nucleus pulposus tissue and has the FN1 marker gene. The discovery of these subpopulations adds to the understanding of the rich mechanisms of differentiation and degeneration within the tissue and the changes in intervertebral disc degeneration at the transcriptomic level. PROCR+PDGFRA+ nucleus pulposus cells, CD90+ nucleus pulposus cells and UTS2R+ nucleus pulposus cells have the strong growth and differentiation potential, and the discovery of these nucleus pulposus progenitor cells offers the possibility to explore therapeutic tools for intervertebral disc degeneration from regenerative medicine and tissue engineering perspectives in the future.

Key words: single-cell RNA sequencing, intervertebral disc degeneration, intervertebral disc, nucleus pulposus, progenitor cell, ferroptosis

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