中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (23): 3640-3645.doi: 10.12307/2023.586

• 皮肤粘膜组织构建 skin and mucosal tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

不同强度超声波治疗兔腹部皮肤瘢痕

郑广集1,王庆伟1,陆俊极1,李钰鸿1,陈富成1,庄海山2,钟美莲1,林恩慧1,潘越妤1,罗庆禄1   

  1. 广州医科大学附属第五医院,1康复医学科,广东高校生物靶向诊治与康复重点实验室,2医疗质量管理评价科,广东省广州市  510000
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-03 接受日期:2022-10-12 出版日期:2023-08-18 发布日期:2023-01-16
  • 通讯作者: 罗庆禄,博士,教授,广州医科大学附属第五医院康复医学科,广东高校生物靶向诊治与康复重点实验室,广东省广州市 510000
  • 作者简介:郑广集,2000年生,广东省廉江市人,汉族,广州医科大学本科在读,主要从事超声波在瘢痕治疗时的作用机制及其安全性研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82072544),项目负责人:罗庆禄;广州医科大学2022-2023年度大学生科技创新项目立项(2021A051),项目负责人:郑广集

Different intensities of ultrasound for abdominal skin scar in rabbits

Zheng Guangji1, Wang Qingwei1, Lu Junji1, Li Yuhong1, Chen Fucheng1, Zhuang Haishan2, Zhong Meilian1, Lin Enhui1, Pan Yueyu1, Luo Qinglu1   

  1. 1Department of Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Biotargeted Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Universities, 2Department of Medical Quality Management Evaluation, The Fifth Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2022-08-03 Accepted:2022-10-12 Online:2023-08-18 Published:2023-01-16
  • Contact: Luo Qinglu, MD, Professor, Department of Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Biotargeted Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Universities, The Fifth Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Zheng Guangji, Department of Rehabilitation, Key Laboratory of Biotargeted Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Universities, The Fifth Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82072544 (to LQL); The 2022-2023 Science and Technology Innovation Project of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 2021A051 (to ZGJ)

摘要:

文题释义:

超声波:是一种频率高于20 000 Hz的声波,其具有空化效应、热效应及机械效应。可激活组织内胶原酶,从而为胶原蛋白加速分解提供条件。同时可破坏胶原的交联,促进胶原纤维束的分散、分解,增加结缔组织延展性,有效治疗皮肤瘢痕及松解粘连。
皮肤瘢痕:是各种烧伤、创伤后的常见并发症,是皮肤结缔组织对创伤的反应超过正常范围的表现,为创伤愈合的异常结局,常伴有瘙痒、疼痛及关节活动受限等不适症状,包括增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩。皮肤瘢痕不仅影响组织外观,严重者甚至影响内脏功能,还会干扰皮肤功能恢复,严重影响患者的身心健康。

背景:皮肤瘢痕的治疗是整形和烧伤长期关注的重点和难点,因超声波具有创伤小、恢复快、瘢痕治疗风险低等优点,成为其科研的一大热点和趋势。 
目的:探讨不同强度超声波对兔腹部皮肤瘢痕的疗效及其作用机制。
方法:选取16只3月龄新西兰大白兔,按分层随机抽样法分为4组,每组4只,雌雄各半,每组均行腹部6个部位创伤切口瘢痕造模。造模21 d后,假超声波组行腹部瘢痕假超声波干预,低、中、高强度超声波组兔分别给予腹部瘢痕0.3,0.5,0.8 W/cm2超声波干预,每个疗程7 d,共2个疗程,疗程间隔2 d。测量各组兔治疗前后瘢痕长度、厚度;采用苦味酸天狼星红染色观察干预后瘢痕组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原面密度;ELISA法检测干预前后兔血清Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端肽表达。

结果与结论:①96处创伤切口共形成70处皮肤瘢痕,造模成功率约为72.9%;②干预后瘢痕长度低、中强度超声波组均低于假超声波组和高强度超声波组(P < 0.05);干预后瘢痕厚度低、中、高强度超声波组均低于假超声波组(P < 0.05),低强度超声波组低于中、高强度超声波组(P < 0.05);③干预后Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原占比均显示低强度超声波组高于高强度超声波组(P < 0.05);高强度超声波组低于假超声波组(P < 0.05);Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原比值低强度超声波组低于高强度超声波组(P < 0.05);④干预前和第1疗程后血清Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端肽表达差值低、中、高强度超声波组均低于假超声波组(P < 0.05),低强度超声波组低于中、高强度超声波组但差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);第1疗程结束和第2疗程结束后血清Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端肽表达结果差值组间差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤提示低强度超声波干预治疗皮肤瘢痕具有更好的综合疗效,其作用机制可能是通过机械作用、理化作用影响皮肤瘢痕组织内Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原纤维束的排布,优化皮肤瘢痕组织的顺应性来实现的,具体仍需进一步研究发现。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3948-1166(郑广集)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 皮肤瘢痕, 超声波, Ⅰ型胶原, Ⅲ型胶原, Ⅲ型前胶原氨基端肽

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of skin scars is a long-term focus and difficulty for plastic surgery and burn. Ultrasound has become a hot spot and trend in its scientific research due to its advantages of small trauma, fast recovery and low risk of scar treatment. 
OBJECTIVE: To explore the therapeutic effect of different intensities of ultrasound on abdominal skin scar in rabbits and its mechanism of action. 
METHODS: Sixteen 3-month-old New Zealand rabbits were selected and divided into four groups with four rabbits in each group, male and female, according to stratified random sampling method. After 21 days, sham ultrasound intervention was performed on abdominal scars in the sham ultrasound group, and 0.3, 0.5, and 0.8 W/cm2 ultrasound interventions were given to abdominal scars in the low-, medium- and high-intensity ultrasound groups, respectively, for 7 day each, for a total of two sessions with an interval of 2 days. The length and thickness of scars were measured before and after treatment. The area density of type I and III collagen in scar tissue after intervention was observed by Sirius red staining. The expression of serum N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP) was detected by ELISA before and after the intervention. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 70 skin scars formed in 96 wound incisions, and the success rate of modeling was about 72.9%. After the intervention, the scar length in the low- and medium-intensity groups was significantly lower than that in the sham ultrasound group and the high-intensity group (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the scar thickness in the low-, medium- and high-intensity groups was significantly lower than that in the sham ultrasound group (P < 0.05). The scar thickness in the low-intensity group was significantly lower than that in the medium- and high-intensity groups (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the percentage of type I and III collagen in the low-intensity group was significantly higher than that in the high-intensity group (P < 0.05); the percentage of type I and III collagen in the high-intensity group was significantly lower than that in the sham ultrasound group (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the density ratio of type I/III collagen in the low-intensity group was significantly lower than that in the high-intensity group (P < 0.05). The difference of serum PIIINP expression before the intervention and after the first session was significantly lower in the low-, medium-, and high-intensity groups than the sham ultrasound group (P < 0.05), while the difference in the low-intensity group was lower than that in the medium- and high-intensity groups but with no statistical significance (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the expression of serum PIIINP at the end of the first session and the end of the second session (P > 0.05). To conclude, low-intensity ultrasonic intervention has a better comprehensive effect on the treatment of hypertrophic scar. The mechanism of ultrasonic treatment may be to optimize the compliance of hypertrophic scar tissue through the mechanical, and physicochemica action on the arrangement of type I and III collagen fiber bundles in hypertrophic scar tissue, which still needs further research and confirmation.

Key words: skin scar, ultrasound, type I collagen, type III collagen, N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen

中图分类号: