中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (18): 2848-2853.doi: 10.12307/2023.377

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

生物型与骨水泥型股骨髁假体单髁置换治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的比较

史思峰,林  强,周  冰,陈向阳,卢文海   

  1. 徐州医科大学附属医院,江苏省徐州市   221400
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-05 接受日期:2022-07-09 出版日期:2023-06-28 发布日期:2022-09-17
  • 作者简介:史思峰,男,1983年生,江苏省徐州市人,汉族,2013年上海交通大学医学院毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事关节外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省自然科学基金(BK20140220) ,项目负责人:史思峰

Comparison of cementless and cemented femoral prosthesis for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in the treatment of osteoarthritis

Shi Sifeng, Lin Qiang, Zhou Bing, Chen Xiangyang, Lu Wenhai   

  1. Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221400, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2022-05-05 Accepted:2022-07-09 Online:2023-06-28 Published:2022-09-17
  • About author:Shi Sifeng, MD, Associate chief physician, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221400, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, No. BK20140220 (to SSF)

摘要:

文题释义:
膝关节单髁置换:是治疗膝关节单间室病变的重要手术方式,分为内侧单髁和外侧单髁置换,以内侧单髁置换为多,是通过切除股骨髁和胫骨平台病变的表面并进行假体替代和关节表面修复的手术;采用微创切口,保留交叉韧带,不破坏膝关节未受累间室,该手术创伤小,患者恢复快。
目测类比评分量表:是临床实践中对疼痛进行评估的最常用方法之一,基本的方法是使用一条长约100 mm的游动标尺,一面标有100个刻度,一端为“0”分端,另一端为“100”分端,0分表示无痛,100分代表难以忍受的、最剧烈的疼痛。让患者根据自我疼痛的感觉在尺子上划一记号,表示疼痛程度,分值越高代表疼痛程度越重。

背景:生物型单髁置换假体的应用在临床上逐渐流行,但是其临床应用效果仍然存在争论。
目的:对比生物型和骨水泥型股骨髁假体单髁置换治疗膝关节前内侧骨关节炎的早期临床效果。
方法:选择2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 1 月徐州医科大学附属医院骨关节科收治的膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者62例,按照随机数字表法分为2组,其中骨水泥组31例,生物型组31例,两组均进行单髁置换治疗。记录术后目测类比评分、膝关节活动度、美国特种外科医院功能评分及患者满意度,进行统计学评价。
结果与结论:①两组患者在术后1,3,6个月膝关节活动度、术后6个月美国特种外科医院功能评分优良率及患者满意度方面相比,差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②骨水泥组在术后1,3个月时静息状态下目测类比评分优于生物型组(P < 0.05);术后3个月时活动状态下目测类比评分优于生物型组(P < 0.05);③所有患者无术后感染及深静脉血栓发生,有2例患者术后伤口延迟愈合,经换药治疗后伤口痊愈;④提示生物型股骨假体单髁置换治疗前内侧骨关节炎安全有效,与骨水泥型股骨假体相比虽然在术后早期对疼痛的缓解较差,但2种假体在术后膝关节活动度、膝关节临床功能方面具有同等效果;对于高龄骨质疏松患者作者推荐选择骨水泥假体。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3236-9860 (史思峰) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 单髁置换, 膝关节, 单间室, 关节炎, 生物型假体, 骨水泥假体

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The application of cementless unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is becoming increasingly popular, but its clinical result is still controversial.  
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical result of the cementless and the cemented femoral prosthesis in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in the treatment of anteromedial knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS:  From January 2020 to January 2021, 62 patients with medial compartmental osteoarthritis of the knee were enrolled in the Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, and randomly allocated to 2 groups, including 31 cases in the cemented group and 31 cases in the cementless group. Patients were all treated with unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. The postoperative visual analogue scale score, range of motion of the knee, Hospital for Special Surgery score and patient satisfaction were recorded for statistical evaluation.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was no significant difference in knee range of motion at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, excellent and good rate of Hospital for Special Surgery score and patient satisfaction at 6 months after surgery between the two groups (P > 0.05). (2) The visual analogue scale score of the cemented group was better than that of the cementless group at 1 and 3 months at rest (P < 0.05); the visual analogue scale score on activity was better in the cemented group than that of the cementless group at 3 months (P < 0.05). (3) There was no postoperative infection or deep vein thrombosis. There were two patients with delayed wound healing, and wound healed after dressing change. (4) It is suggested that cementless femoral prosthesis for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty was safe and effective in the treatment of medial osteoarthritis. Compared with cemented femoral prostheses, although pain relief was less in the early postoperative period, two prostheses have the same effect on postoperative knee range of motion and clinical function of the knee. For elderly patients with osteoporosis, the authors recommend the cemented unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Key words: unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, knee, unicompartmental, arthritis, cementless prosthesis, cemented prosthesis

中图分类号: