中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (36): 5750-5754.doi: 10.12307/2022.785

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

胫骨内侧、外侧解剖锁定钢板固定胫骨中下段外旋型螺旋骨折的有限元分析

张  强,巫宗德,刘  亮,魏国华,彭  亮   

  1. 四川省骨科医院,四川省成都市   610041
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-21 接受日期:2021-12-04 出版日期:2022-12-28 发布日期:2022-04-26
  • 通讯作者: 巫宗德,主任医师,四川省骨科医院,四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:张强,男,1987年生,四川省成都市人,汉族,2013年成都体育学院毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事足踝骨折、运动医学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省中医药管理局科研专项课题(2021-394),项目负责人:巫宗德

Finite element analysis of medial and lateral locking plates for fixation of externally rotated spiral fractures of the lower tibia

Zhang Qiang, Wu Zongde, Liu Liang, Wei Guohua, Peng Liang   

  1. Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2021-10-21 Accepted:2021-12-04 Online:2022-12-28 Published:2022-04-26
  • Contact: Wu Zongde, Chief physician, Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Qiang, Master, Attending physician, Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Special Project of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 2021-394 (to WZD)

摘要:

文题释义:
胫骨中下段外旋型螺旋骨折:主要指骨折线位于胫骨干中下1/3段的螺旋骨折,其骨折线走行以胫骨前内下波及胫骨后外上为特点。
有限元分析:利用数学近似的方法对几何和载荷工况进行模拟。利用简单而又相互作用的元素(即单元),用有限数量的未知量去逼近无限未知量的真实系统。由于大多数实际问题难以得到准确解,有限元计算精度高,能适应各种复杂形状,是行之有效的工程分析手段。

背景:目前缺乏胫骨内侧、外侧解剖锁定钢板治疗胫骨中下段外旋型螺旋骨折的生物力学性能研究。
目的:采用三维有限元分析技术对比胫骨内侧、外侧解剖锁定钢板固定胫骨中下段外旋型螺旋骨折的力学分布情况。
方法:选择1名健康志愿者的胫骨CT图像,使用数字化技术构建胫骨远端内、外侧锁定钢板模型,根据内固定原则设置模型组合,分别给予轴向力、侧向力及扭转力加载,模拟人体在不同受力情况下内固定受力及胫骨骨折模型的位移情况。
结果与结论:①轴向暴力中,胫骨远端外侧解剖钢板的最大等效应力、骨折面位移量比胫骨远端内侧解剖锁定钢板小约31.6%,8.8%;②扭转-逆时针暴力中,内侧、外侧解剖钢板的最大等效应力相近,骨折面位移相近;③扭转-顺时针暴力中,外侧解剖钢板的最大等效应力、骨折面位移量比内侧解剖锁定钢板小约23.8%,65.3%;④外翻时外侧解剖锁定钢板的最大等效应力、骨折面位移量比内侧解剖锁定钢板小约38.2%,86.5%;内翻时外侧解剖锁定钢板的最大等效应力、骨折面位移量比内侧解剖锁定钢板小约4.8%,7.6%;⑤结果表明,对胫骨中下段外旋型螺旋骨折,胫骨远端外侧解剖锁定钢板对抗轴向暴力、翻转暴力、扭转-顺时针的能力明显优于胫骨远端内侧解剖锁定钢板,更具生物力学优势。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6523-1035 (张强)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 胫骨骨折, 螺旋骨折, 三维重建, 有限元分析, 胫骨内侧解剖锁定钢板, 胫骨外侧解剖锁定钢板, 轴向力, 侧向力, 扭转力

Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, there is a lack of research on the biomechanical properties of the medial and anterolateral anatomical locking plates of the tibia for the treatment of external rotation fractures of the tibia.
OBJECTIVE: To compare stress distribution of the medial and anterolateral anatomical locking plates of the tibia for the treatment of external rotation fractures of the tibia using three-dimensional finite element analysis.
METHODS: Tibia CT images of one healthy volunteer were selected. Digital technology was used to construct the medial and anterolateral locking plate model of the distal tibia. The model combination was set according to the principle of internal fixation. The axial compression force, valgus/varus force, and torsion force were given respectively to simulate the internal fixation force of human body under different stress conditions and analyze the displacement of the tibial fracture model. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In the axial compression force, the maximum equivalent stress and the fracture surface displacement of the distal lateral plate were about 31.6% and 8.8% smaller than those of the distal medial plate. (2) In torsion-external rotation, the maximum equivalent stress was similar and the displacement of the fracture surface was also similar between the distal medial and lateral plates. (3) Under torsion-internal rotation, the maximum equivalent stress and torsional angular displacement of the fracture surface of distal lateral plate was about 23.8% and 65.3% smaller than those of the distal medial plate. (4) When subjected to valgus violence, the maximum equivalent stress and displacement of the fracture surface of distal lateral plate were about 38.2% and 86.5% smaller than those of distal medial plate. When subjected to varus violence, the maximum equivalent stress and the displacement of the fracture surface of distal lateral plate were about 4.8% and 7.6% smaller than those of distal medial plate. (5) In external rotation spiral fractures of the middle and lower tibia, distal tibial anterior lateral plate has better ability to resist axial, twist-clockwise rotation, varus and valgus violence. The distal lateral plate has more biomechanical advantages than the distal medial plate. 

Key words: tibial fracture, spiral fracture, three-dimensional reconstruction, finite element analysis, medial tibial locking plate, lateral tibial locking plate, axial force, lateral force, torsion force

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