中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 631-636.doi: 10.12307/2022.103

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

经皮椎体强化治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折:导航定位、骨折复位系统、骨水泥渗漏及材料的改良

王智强1,林  路1,陈萧霖2,柯珍勇2   

  1. 1重庆医科大学,重庆市   400000;2重庆医科大学附属第二医院骨科,重庆市   400000
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-21 修回日期:2020-09-23 接受日期:2020-10-30 出版日期:2022-02-08 发布日期:2021-12-06
  • 通讯作者: 柯珍勇,副主任医师,硕士生导师,副教授,重庆医科大学附属第二医院骨科,重庆市 400000
  • 作者简介:王智强,男,1995年生,重庆市人,汉族,重庆医科大学在读硕士,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。

Percutaneous vertebral augmentation for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: navigation, fracture reduction system, bone cement leakage, and material modification

Wang Zhiqiang1, Lin Lu1, Chen Xiaolin2, Ke Zhenyong2   

  1. 1Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China; 2Department of Orthopedics of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China
  • Received:2020-09-21 Revised:2020-09-23 Accepted:2020-10-30 Online:2022-02-08 Published:2021-12-06
  • Contact: Ke Zhenyong, Associate chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Associate professor, Department of Orthopedics of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China
  • About author:Wang Zhiqiang, Master candidate, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China

摘要:

文题释义:
骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折:是指由骨质疏松症导致椎体骨密度和骨质量下降、骨强度减低,在轻微外力甚至没有明显外力的作用下即发生的骨折,是最常见的骨质疏松性骨折类型,常见于老年女性。
经皮椎体强化:是指一种经皮肤,由椎弓根穿刺进入椎体注入骨水泥强化因骨质疏松、转移性肿瘤或损伤造成脊柱骨折的椎体的微创技术,目前有两种形式:椎体成形和椎体后凸成形。

背景:经皮椎体强化是治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的重要治疗方式,但随着临床实践的深入其存在的局限性逐渐显露,众多研究者对其进行了研究改良。
目的:拟从导航定位及手术入路方式、骨折复位系统及防骨水泥渗漏技术、骨水泥材料等成分方面阐述经皮椎体强化术的改良与研究进展。
方法:应用计算机检索PubMed、Embase、CNKI、万方及维普数据库2000年1月到2020年4月的相关文章,中文检索词为“骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折,经皮椎体强化术,经皮椎体成形术,经皮椎体后凸成形术”,英文检索词为“osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,percutaneous vertebral augmentation,percutaneous vertebroplasty,percutaneous kyphoplasty”。查阅相关文章,最终共纳入61篇文献进行归纳总结。
结果与结论:①O-arm导航及3D打印技术对于上胸椎压缩性骨折、严重椎体压缩性骨折、合并脊柱侧弯等手术难度大的患者很有帮助;②目前多数观点认为单侧入路较双侧更具有优势,但仍需进一步的研究;③目前存在多种骨折复位系统及防骨水泥渗漏技术,不同的结构特点使其在治疗上各有优势,需根据不同的情况具体选择;④磷酸钙骨水泥具有巨大的潜力,未来可能会逐步替代传统骨水泥材料。
缩略语:骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折:osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9895-9142 (王智强) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 材料, 骨质疏松, 椎体骨折, 经皮椎体强化, 骨折复位, 穿刺定位, 骨水泥渗漏, 骨水泥, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebroplasty is an important treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. With the development of clinical practice, its limitations gradually revealed. Many researchers have studied and improved it.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the latest research progress on the navigation and surgical approach, fracture reduction system, prevention of cement leakage, and bone cement materials. 
METHODS: The computer was used to search relevant articles from PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases from January 2000 to April 2020. The Chinese and English terms were “osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, percutaneous vertebral augmentation, percutaneous vertebroplasty, percutaneous kyphoplasty”. After consulting the relevant articles, 61 articles were included to analyze the results.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) O-arm navigation and 3D printing technology are very helpful for patients with upper thoracic vertebral compression fracture, severe vertebral compression fracture, and compression fracture with scoliosis. (2) Most opinions think that unilateral approach is more advantageous than bilateral approach, but further research is still necessary. (3) There are many fracture reduction systems and technologies of preventing cement leakage. Different structural characteristics make them have their own advantages, which one should be chosen to treat patients depends on different conditions. (4) Calcium phosphate cement has great potential and may gradually replace traditional bone cement materials in the future.

Key words: bone, materials, osteoporotic, vertebral fracture, percutaneous vertebral augmentation, fracture reduction, navigation, bone cement leakage, bone cement, review

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