中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (18): 2869-2874.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3830

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

空心钉联合支撑钢板治疗中青年PauwelsⅢ型股骨颈骨折

位  锋,周业金,姚  涛,单  涛   

  1. 安徽医科大学第三附属医院创伤骨科,安徽省合肥市   230001
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-20 修回日期:2020-06-30 接受日期:2020-07-29 出版日期:2021-06-28 发布日期:2021-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 周业金,主任医师,安徽医科大学第三附属医院创伤骨科,安徽省合肥市 230001
  • 作者简介:位锋,男,1993年生,安徽省宿州市人,汉族,安徽医科大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事四肢骨折、脊柱脊髓损伤方面的研究。

Cannulated screw combined with buttress plate in treatment of Pauwels III femoral neck fracture in middle-aged and young adults

Wei Feng, Zhou Yejin, Yao Tao, Shan Tao   

  1. Department of Orthopedic Trauma, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China
  • Received:2020-06-20 Revised:2020-06-30 Accepted:2020-07-29 Online:2021-06-28 Published:2021-01-18
  • Contact: Zhou Yejin, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedic Trauma, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China
  • About author:Wei Feng, Master candidate, Physician, Department of Orthopedic Trauma, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
Pauwels Ⅲ型股骨颈骨折:股骨远端的骨折线与两侧髂嵴连线的夹角(Pauwels角)大于50°,骨折断端剪切力大,骨折面接触较少,为不稳定骨折,容易再移位。
直接前侧入路:为改良的Smith-Peterson入路,通过股四头肌和缝匠肌间隙进入,完全的肌间隙入路不会对肌肉、血管造成损伤,术后患者肌肉功能迅速改善,可早期下地活动,避免长期卧床带来的并发症,具有微创的手术特点。

背景:对于Pauwels Ⅲ型股骨颈骨折,选择何种内固定方式更具优势尚不明确。
目的:比较直接前侧入路空心螺钉联合内侧支撑钢板与单纯空心螺钉内固定治疗中青年Pauwels Ⅲ型股骨颈骨折的疗效。
方法:回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年1月安徽医科大学第三附属医院(合肥市第一人民医院)收治的76例中青年Pauwels Ⅲ股骨颈骨折患者的资料,其中男42例,女34例,年龄(44.5±6.6)岁,35例接受空心钉联合内侧支撑钢板内固定治疗(观察组),41例接受单纯空心螺钉内固定治疗(对照组)。术后随访观察骨折愈合时间、髋关节Harris评分、目测类比评分及并发症发生率。试验获得安徽医科大学第三附属医院伦理委员会批准,伦研批第2018(20)号。
结果与结论:①两组术后随访16-18个月,平均17.24个月,观察组骨折愈合时间短于对照组(P < 0.05);②观察组32例中发生切口感染1例、内固定失效1例,并发症发生率为9%;对照组42例中发生骨折不愈合2例、骨折延迟愈合2例、内固定失效5例、股骨头坏死4例,并发症发生率为32%,两组间并发症发生率比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③观察组末次随访的髋关节Harris评分优良率高于对照组(82%,73%,P < 0.05);④观察组术后3,6个月的目测类比评分低于对照组(P < 0.05);⑤结果表明,直接前侧入路空心螺钉联合内侧支撑钢板内固定治疗中青年Pauwels Ⅲ型股骨颈骨折的临床疗效优于单纯空心螺钉内固定,可促进骨折愈合及髋关节功能的恢复、减少并发症的发生。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9828-9441 (位锋) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: " id="__kindeditor_bookmark_start_117__">, " id="__kindeditor_bookmark_end_118__">料, 内固定, 植入物, 股骨颈, 骨折, 空心螺钉, 内侧支撑钢板, 内固定

Abstract: BACKGROUND: For Pauwels type III femoral neck fracture, it is not clear which internal fixation method is more advantageous.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of direct anterior approach combined with medial buttress plate and simple cannulated screw for treatment of Pauwels III type femoral neck fracture in middle-aged and young adults. 
METHODS: Totally 76 young and middle-aged and young patients with Pauwels III type femoral neck fracture in The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Hefei First People’s Hospital) from January 2015 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 42 males and 34 females, at the age of (44.5±6.6) years. Totally 35 patients in the observation group were treated with cannulated screws combined with medial buttress plate. In the control group, 41 cases were fixed with cannulated screws only. The fracture healing time, Harris hip score, visual analogue scale score, and the incidence of complications were observed during follow-up. The trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (approval No. LYPD2018(20)). 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The postoperative follow-up time of the two groups ranged from 16 to 18 months (averagely 17.24 months). The fracture healing time of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group (P < 0.05). (2) In the observation group, among 32 cases, there were 1 case of incision infection and 1 case of internal fixation failure, and the incidence of complications was 9%. In the control group, among 42 cases, there were 2 cases of fracture nonunion, 2 cases of delayed union of fracture, 5 cases of internal fixation failure and 4 cases of femoral head necrosis, and the incidence of complications was 32%. The difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05). (3) The excellent and good rate of Harris hip score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (82%, 73%, P < 0.05). (4) The visual analogue scale score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group at 3 and 6 months after operation (P < 0.05). (5) Results suggest that clinical effect of direct anterior approach cannulated screw combined with medial buttress plate fixation in the treatment of Pauwels III femoral neck fracture in young and middle-aged adults is better than that of simple cannulated screw fixation, which can promote fracture healing and recovery of hip function, and reduce the occurrence of complications.  

Key words: bone, material, internal fixation, implant, femoral neck, fracture, cannulated screw, medial buttress plate, internal fixation

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