中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (36): 5785-5792.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2930

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

活动与固定平台单髁置换治疗膝关节内侧单间室骨关节炎的随访

刘少华1,2,周观明1,2,陈希聪1,2,肖可明1,2,蔡  剑1,2,曾会粮1,2   

  1. 1广州中医药大学附属佛山中医院,广东省佛山市  528000;2佛山市中医院骨十科,广东省佛山市  528000
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-29 修回日期:2020-03-10 接受日期:2020-04-11 出版日期:2020-12-28 发布日期:2020-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 周观明,主任医师,副教授,广州中医药大学附属佛山中医院 广东省佛山市 528000;佛山市中医院骨十科,广东省佛山市 528000
  • 作者简介:刘少华,男,1981年生,河北省邢台市人,广州中医药大学附属佛山中医院同等学力博士,广州中医药大学在读博士,主治医师,主要从事骨关节疾病的损伤与治疗研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省中医药局科研项目(20192095);广东省医学科学技术研究(20161181228306)

Mobile bearing and fixed bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty for medial knee osteoarthritis

Liu Shaohua1,2, Zhou Guanming1,2, Chen Xicong1,2, Xiao Keming1,2, Cai Jian1,2, Zeng Huiliang1,2   

  1. 1Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Arthrosis, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2020-02-29 Revised:2020-03-10 Accepted:2020-04-11 Online:2020-12-28 Published:2020-10-27
  • Contact: Zhou Guanming, Chief physician, Associate professor, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Arthrosis, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Liu Shaohua Doctoral candidate, Attending physician, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Arthrosis, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Scientific Research Project of Guangdong Traditional Chinese Medicine Bureau, No. 20192095; the Research on Medical Science and Technology in Guangdong Province, No. 20161181228306

摘要:

文题释义:

单髁假体置换为人工膝关节置换的一个特殊类型,是一种置换范围局限在单侧髁的置换。膝单髁关节置换与全膝关节置换几乎同时起步于20世纪70年代初期,单髁关节置换的目的是尽可能地保留正常的关节结构,以期获得更好的功能恢复,目前临床上单髁假体有活动平台和固定平台两种单髁假体。

下肢机械轴位置Kennedy和White分布把胫骨平台分为012C345几个区域,观察股骨头中心—踝关节中心连线经过胫骨平台的区域。KENNEDYWHITE的研究发现,单髁置换后下肢机械轴经过2C区的术后效果好,并发症少。

背景:单髁置换假体主要分为活动平台和固定平台2种类型,由于两种平台假体的设计理念和手术操作方法上的不同,对于两种平台假体的选择还有一定分歧和争议。

目的:比较活动与固定平台单髁假体置换治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎的临床效果。

方法选择20142月至20152月佛山市中医院收治的单侧膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者154例,男54例,女100例,年龄56-81岁,其中100例接受活动平台单髁假体置换治疗(活动平台组)54例接受固定平台单髁假体置换治疗(固定平台组)。记录并发症发生情况。术后随访膝关节目测类比评分、膝关节活动度、膝关节功能与临床KSS评分,复查X射线片(胫股角、髋-膝-踝角度、胫骨后倾角)评估下肢力线矫正情况。研究符合佛山市中医院对研究的相关伦理要求(fsz20130642)

结果与结论154例患者术后获得60-72个月的随访;②两组末次随访的膝关节目测类比评分、膝关节活动度、膝关节功能与临床KSS评分均较术前明显改善(P < 0.05),两组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③两组末次随访的胫股角、髋-膝-踝角度、胫骨后倾角均较术前明显改善(P < 0.05),活动平台组胫股角与髋-膝-踝角度的矫正值大于固定平台组(P < 0.05),两组间胫骨后倾角矫正值比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);两组间下肢机械轴位置KennedyWhite分布比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④活动平台组出现1例假体松动,2例衬垫脱位;⑤结果表明,两种平台单髁置换假体治疗膝关节内侧间室骨性关节炎的中期随访临床结果无明显差异,但活动平台单髁假体置换下肢力线矫正角度较固定平台大,对于恢复下肢解剖轴线更有优势;2种单髁假体术后并发症发生率均较低,活动平台单髁置换后中期随访并发症发生率高于固定平台,活动平台中期并发症主要是假体松动、衬垫脱位。

ORCID: 0000-0001-9062-8026(刘少华)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 假体, 膝, 固定平台, 活动平台, 单髁置换, 关节炎

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty prostheses are mainly divided into two different types: mobile bearing and fixed bearing. Due to the different design concepts and surgical methods of the two platform prostheses, there are still some differences and controversies regarding the choice of two different platform prostheses.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effects of mobile bearing and fixed bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in the treatment of medial interventricular osteoarthritis of knee joint.

METHODS: From February 2014 to February 2015, 154 patients who were diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the medial compartment of the knee joint and underwent unicompartmental knee arthroplasty at the Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected. Among them, there were 54 male and 100 female patients, aged 56-81 years old. Among them, 100 patients received unicompartmental knee arthroplasty with mobile bearing (mobile bearing group) and 54 patients received unicompartmental knee arthroplasty with fixed bearing (fixed bearing group). The complications were recorded. After the operation, the visual analogue scale score, knee motion range, knee function and clinical KSS score were followed up. The X-ray films (tibiofemoral angle, hip knee ankle angle, tibial posterior angle) were reexamined to evaluate the force line correction of the lower limbs. The research meets the ethical requirements of Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (fsz20130642).

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) 154 patients were followed up for 60-72 months postoperatively. (2) The visual analogue scale score, knee motion range, knee function and clinical KSS score in the last follow-up of the two groups were significantly improved (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) The tibiofemoral angle, hip knee ankle angle and tibial caster angle in the last follow-up of the two groups were significantly improved (P < 0.05). The corrected values of tibiofemoral angle and hip knee ankle angle in the mobile bearing group were higher than those in the fixed bearing group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the corrected values of tibial caster angle between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the distribution of Kennedy and white in the mechanical axis of the lower limbs between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) In the mobile bearing group, there were one case of prosthesis loosening and two cases of pad dislocation. (5) The results showed that there was no significant difference in the mid-term follow-up clinical results between the two kinds of platform single condylar replacement prosthesis in the treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee, but the angle of force line correction of the lower extremity was larger in the mobile bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty than in the fixed bearing, which was more advantageous in the restoration of the anatomical axis of the lower extremity. The incidence of complications after the two kinds of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty was low. The incidence of complications was higher in the mobile bearing than that of fixed bearing during the mid-term follow-up. The main complications in the middle stage of mobile bearing were prosthesis loosening and pad dislocation.

Key words: bone, prosthesis, knee, fixed bearing, moving bearing, unicompartmental knee arthpoplasty, arthritis

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