中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (36): 5741-5748.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2916

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics •    下一篇

3D打印ACT钛金骨小梁椎间融合器行颈椎前路减压融合后颈椎的矢状位平衡变化

杨  旭,赵晓峰,齐德泰,王晓楠,靳元璋,周润田,赵  斌   

  1. 山西医科大学第二医院骨科,山西省太原市  030001

  • 收稿日期:2020-01-18 修回日期:2020-01-20 接受日期:2020-03-09 出版日期:2020-12-28 发布日期:2020-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 赵斌,主任医师,教授,硕士生导师,山西医科大学第二医院骨科,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:杨旭,男,1994年生,山西省运城市人,汉族,山西医科大学在读硕士,主要从事脊柱外科研究。

Changes in cervical sagittal balance after three-dimensional printing ACT titanium cage in anterior cervical discectomy with fusion

Yang Xu, Zhao Xiaofeng, Qi Detai, Wang Xiaonan, Jin Yuanzhang, Zhou Runtian, Zhao Bin   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China

  • Received:2020-01-18 Revised:2020-01-20 Accepted:2020-03-09 Online:2020-12-28 Published:2020-10-27
  • Contact: Zhao Bin, Chief physician, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Yang Xu, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:

3D打印ACT钛金骨小梁椎间融合器:以钛合金为原料,通过电子束熔融快速成型技术进行三维精准构建建立互相连接的微孔而制成的多孔植入物,其类似骨小梁的多孔贯通的微孔结构,利于骨细胞的迁移和增殖,可提供良好的生物组织相容性和可靠的骨整合,同时类皮质骨的弹性模量,可以避免应力遮挡及骨吸收。

C27 Cobb角:C2,C7下终板垂线之间的夹角。

C2-7矢状面轴向距离经过C2椎体几何中心作铅垂线,该线与C7椎体后上角的水平距离。

背景:颈前路椎间盘切除减压融合是目前临床上常用的手术入路,但对于其植入物的选择,临床上存在较大争议。3D打印钛金骨小梁材料具有优越的生物学特性,十分适合作为骨植入物材料。

目的观察应用3D打印ACT钛金骨小梁椎间融合器行颈前路减压融合患者术后临床疗效及矢状位影像学参数的变化。

方法回顾性分析行单节段颈前路椎间盘切除减压融合的颈椎病患者60例,根据融合器类型分组,对照组30例应用聚醚醚酮融合器,试验组30例应用3D打印ACT钛金骨小梁椎间融合器。记录手术时间、术中出血量以及术中C臂透视次数,临床评价指标记录日本骨科协会评分、疼痛目测类比评分及颈椎功能障碍指数;测量术前、术后3 d、术后3个月及末次随访时颈椎侧位X射线的矢状面参数,包括手术节段椎间隙高度、椎间隙角度、C2-7 Cobb角、C2-7矢状位轴向距离及T1倾斜角;根据美国FDAKandziora标准判断椎间融合器的融合率;分析患者各时间点影像学参数间的相关性采用 Pearson相关性分析。

结果与结论:①术后随访15-49个月;②试验组的手术时间、术中出血量及术中C臂透视次数均小于对照组,末次随访时2组日本骨科协会评分均较术前显著增加,疼痛目测类比评分及颈椎功能障碍指数评分显著减少(P < 0.05),2组之间差异无显著性意义;③2组手术节段椎间隙高度、椎间隙角度、C2-7 Cobb角及T1倾斜角在术后3 d、3个月及末次随访时较术前均有增加(P < 0.05);术后3个月及末次随访时,试验组手术节段椎间隙高度、C2-7 Cobb角、椎间隙角度及T1倾斜角均高于对照组(P < 0.05);④C2-7 Cobb角与椎间隙角度及T1倾斜角,椎间隙角度与T1倾斜角,T1倾斜角与C2-7矢状面轴向距离在各时间点均呈正相关(P < 0.01),而C2-7矢状面轴向距离与C2-7 Cobb角呈负相关(P < 0.01);⑤故应用3D打印ACT钛金骨小梁椎间融合器及聚醚醚酮融合器行颈前路椎间盘切除减压融合均可缓解临床症状,恢复手术节段椎间隙的高度、角度以及颈椎曲度,其中3D打印ACT钛金骨小梁椎间融合器可缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量及C臂透视次数,且对维持手术节段术后椎间隙高度、角度及颈椎生理性前凸更具优势。

ORCID: 0000-0003-3469-9836(杨旭)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 钛, 骨小梁, 椎间融合器, 3D打印, 颈椎病, 融合, 矢状面, 颈椎曲度

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Anterior cervical discectomy with fusion is a commonly used surgical approach in clinical practice. However, there is a great controversy on the choice of implants. Three-dimensional printing titanium trabecula material has superior biological characteristics and is very suitable for bone implants.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes of radiographic parameters in sagittal plane and clinical scores using three-dimensional printing ACT titanium cage in anterior cervical discectomy with fusion.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted in 60 single-segment cervical spondylosis patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy with fusion. All patients were grouped according to fusion type. The 30 patients in the control group used poly-ether-ether-ketone fusion cage. The 30 patients in the trial group used three-dimensional printing ACT titanium cage. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative C-arm fluoroscopy, Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores, visual analogue scale score for pain as well as neck disability index were recorded. The sagittal parameters of the cervical standing radiographs were measured at pre-operation, 3 days, 3 months after operation and the last follow-up, including height of operation segment, angle of operation segment, C2-7 Cobb angle, C2-7 sagittal vertical axis and T1 slope. The fusion rate of the interbody fusion cage was judged according to the US FDA and Kandziora standards. The correlation among these imaging parameters at various time points was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All cases were followed up for 15 to 49 months. (2) Operation time was shorter, intraoperative blood loss, the number of intraoperative C-arm fluoroscopy were less in the trial group than in the control group. At the last follow-up, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score increased significantly compared with preoperatively, the visual analogue scale and the neck disability index scores decreased significantly (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference between the two groups. (3) The height of operation segment, angle of operation segment, C2-7 Cobb angle, and T1 slope increased in both groups 3 days and 3 months after surgery and the last follow-up compared with those preoperatively (P < 0.05). At 3 months after surgery and the last follow-up, the height of operation segment, angle of operation segment, C2-7 Cobb angle, and T1 slope were higher in the trial group than in the control group (P < 0.05). (4) Positive correlations were presented between C2-7 Cobb angle and angle of operation segment with T1 slope, angle of operation segment and T1 slope, T1 slope and C2-7 sagittal vertical axis at various time points (P < 0.01). However, negative correlations were found between C2-7 sagittal vertical axis and C2-7 Cobb angle (P < 0.01). (5) Clinical symptoms are relieved, the height and angle of operation segment and cervical curve can be corrected after anterior cervical discectomy with fusion by using both poly-ether-ether-ketone cage and three-dimensional printing ACT titanium cage. The three-dimensional printing ACT titanium cage shortens the operation time, reduces the intraoperative blood loss, the number of C-arm fluoroscopy, and has advantages in maintaining the height, angle of operation segment, and the physiological lordosis of the cervical spine.

Key words: bone, titanium, trabecula, interbody fusion cage, 3D printing, cervical spondylosis, fusion, sagittal plane, cervical curvature

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