中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (30): 4818-4823.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2822

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

新型撑开器结合微创内固定系统内固定治疗胫骨近端骨折

黄俊明,刘小明,李季蔓,钟伟斌,柳  昱,朱豪东   

  1. 广州医科大学附属第五医院骨科一区,广东省广州市  510730
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-12 修回日期:2019-12-14 接受日期:2020-02-26 出版日期:2020-10-28 发布日期:2020-09-19
  • 通讯作者: 朱豪东,硕士,副主任医师,广州医科大学附属第五医院骨科一区,广东省广州市 510730
  • 作者简介:黄俊明,男,1985年生,广东省广州市人,2012年广州医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事关节、运动损伤以及脊柱、四肢骨折方面的研究。

A new minimally invasive spreader combined with less invasive stabilization system for proximal tibial fractures

Huang Junming, Liu Xiaoming, Li Jiman, Zhong Weibin, Liu Yu, Zhu Haodong   

  1. Department of Orthopedics (Part 1), Fifth Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510730, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2019-12-12 Revised:2019-12-14 Accepted:2020-02-26 Online:2020-10-28 Published:2020-09-19
  • Contact: Zhu Haodong, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics (Part 1), Fifth Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510730, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Huang Junming, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics (Part 1), Fifth Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510730, Guangdong Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:

胫骨近端骨折胫骨按胫骨分区法分为6个解剖区,Ⅰ区:胫骨头区;区:胫骨结节区;区:近侧中段骨干区;区:中段骨干区;区:远中段骨干区;区:踝上区。临床上胫骨近端指Ⅰ-Ⅲ区。该部分骨折损伤重,多合并大面积软组织损伤,治疗困难。目前胫骨近端骨折治疗要求为稳定、力线、关节面解剖复位;恢复膝关节的胫骨力线比关节面平整更重要;早期的膝关节功能锻炼.

新型撑开器传统的骨折复位主要依靠人手的牵引、调整等,但不可避免地出现牵引力量不稳定的问题,而撑开器辅助复位则可以有效解决。新型撑开器撑开力度比旧式撑开器更大、更稳定,且更符合生物力学。近端改良的套筒可以围绕钢针旋转,使骨折复位更加灵活有效。

背景:传统手术治疗方法治疗胫骨近端骨折对骨折部位剥离广泛,且影响局部血液循环,增加骨折延迟愈合和不愈合的发生率。近年来兴起的微创内固定系统,可以最大限度地保护局部软组织以及血液循环,为骨折愈合提供更好的条件,而新型撑开器的应用也解决了传统人手牵引复位稳定性、持久性的问题,两者的结合应用逐渐受到关注。

目的:探讨新型撑开器辅助复位、微创内固定系统治疗胫骨近端骨折的疗效。

方法20165月至201910月收治的22例胫骨近端骨折患者为研究,随机分为对照组和观察组,各11例。对照组采用传统手法复位、常规切口钢板内固定;观察组以新型撑开器辅助复位、微创内固定系统钢板内固定。试验经广州医科大学附属第五医院伦理委员会批准。

结果与结论:与对照组相比,观察组患者末次随访时Rasmussen膝关节功能评分较优,术中失血量、手术用时、住院天数、开始负重时间较少,出现关节受限、骨折延迟愈合等术后并发症患者数量较少,但骨折愈合时间与对照组接近,且切口感染、内固定松动断裂等术后并发症患者数量与对照组接近。提示应用新型撑开器结合微创内固定系统内固定治疗胫骨近端骨折,可以减少手术复位时间、降低局部软组织损伤,有利于患者早期功能锻炼,减少手术后并发症。 

ORCID: 0000-0002-8256-2319(黄俊明)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


关键词: 新型撑开器, 胫骨近端骨折, 生物力学, 胫骨力线, 膝关节功能评分, 微创内固定系统内固定, 并发症, 早期功能锻炼

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The traditional surgical treatment of proximal tibial fractures has extensive dissection of the fracture site, and affects local blood circulation, increases the incidence of delayed union and nonunion. In recent years, the rising minimally invasive internal fixation system can protect the local soft tissue and blood circulation to the maximum extent, and provide better conditions for fracture healing. The application of new spreader also solves the problems of stability and durability of traditional manual traction reduction, and the combination of the two is gradually concerned.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of a new minimally invasive spreader assisted reduction and less invasive stabilization system for the treatment of proximal tibial fractures.

METHODS: Twenty-two patients with proximal tibial fractures treated from May 2016 to October 2019 were studied and randomly assigned to control group and observation group (n=11 per group). Patients in the control group were treated with conventional manipulative reduction and conventional incision plate internal fixation. Patients in the observation group were treated with a new minimally invasive spreader assisted reduction and less invasive stabilization system. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Fifth Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, Rasmussen knee function score was better in the observation group at the last follow-up. Intraoperative blood loss, operation time, length of hospital stay, and weight-bearing time in the observation group were better than those in the control group. Postoperative complications such as joint limitation and delayed fracture healing were less in the observation group than in the control group. However, the healing time was not statistically significant between the two groups. Moreover, infection of the incision and loosening and fracture of the internal fixator were not statistically significant between the two groups. These indicated that the application of a new minimally invasive spreader combined with less invasive stabilization system for proximal tibial fractures can reduce surgical reduction time and local soft tissue damage, which is beneficial to early functional exercise and can reduce postoperative complications.

Key words: new minimally invasive spreader, proximal tibial fracture, biomechanics, tibial force line, knee function score, less invasive stabilization system, complications, early functional exercise

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