中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (5): 766-772.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2436

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

腱病相关基础研究:微观生物力学与应力屏蔽

刘春雨1,2,韩小燕2,王  琳1   

  1. 1北京体育大学,北京市  1000842玉林师范学院体育健康学院,广西壮族自治区玉林市   537000
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-13 修回日期:2019-04-29 接受日期:2019-06-22 出版日期:2020-02-18 发布日期:2020-01-10
  • 通讯作者: 王琳,教授,博士生导师,北京体育大学,北京市 100084
  • 作者简介:刘春雨,男,1980年生,内蒙古自治区通辽市人,蒙古族,副教授,北京体育大学在读博士,主要从事运动损伤的机理与康复研究。

Basic science related to tendinopathy: microbiomechanics and stress shielding

Liu Chunyu1, 2, Han Xiaoyan2, Wang Lin   

  1. 1Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; 2School of Physical Health, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2019-04-13 Revised:2019-04-29 Accepted:2019-06-22 Online:2020-02-18 Published:2020-01-10
  • Contact: Wang Lin, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
  • About author:Liu Chunyu, Doctoral candidate, Associate professor, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Physical Health, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

文题释义:
潮线:在腱止点未钙化和钙化的纤维软骨之间有一个狭窄的嗜碱性无血管区域,由于具有较强的嗜碱性,在苏木精-伊红染色切片中呈一清晰而连续的蓝色分界线,称为“潮线”,一般认为其代表了机械上软硬组织之间的界限。健康腱止点的潮线相对平直光滑,这种结构对于减少软骨损伤风险有重要意义。
应力屏蔽:最早是从材料力学中衍变而来的一个概念,即当不同弹性模量的成分并联承担载荷时,较高弹性模量的成分承担较多的载荷,即对低弹性模量成分起到应力、应变遮挡作用,这种现象被称为应力屏蔽或应力遮挡,在骨科学领域中应力屏蔽容易引起骨机械性能的降低如骨质疏松等。

背景:肌腱是一种特殊的结缔组织,可以将肌肉产生的力通过腱止点传递到骨骼上,腱病的发生与肌腱和腱止点的力学特性与其微细结构关系密切,但其中的具体机制仍有许多疑问。

目的:综述肌腱和腱止点的微细结构、肌腱的生物力学特点、肌腱损伤的愈合与修复及慢性腱病相关的生物力学因素。

方法:检索中国期刊网全文数据库(中国知网CNKI)、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国医药学位论文全文数据库(万方)及PubMed数据库和Embase医药数据库,选择与腱病或腱止点相关微细结构、腱病或腱止点与应力之间关系及腱病或腱止点相关生物力学机制相关的文献。

结果与结论:肌腱和腱止点的生物力学特性与其微细结构密切相关,肌腱在损伤修复过程中由于微细结构受到了影响,因此其生物力学特性也相应的降低。慢性腱病的发生发展与腱止点微细结构与生物力学特性有关,这其中压缩负荷与发生在腱止点上的应力屏蔽可能起着关键作用,但在具体的作用机制方面仍需要更多的高质量文献支持。

ORCID: 0000-0002-8797-7185(刘春雨)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程


关键词: 腱病, 腱止点, 潮线, 微细结构, 生物力学, 损伤, 细胞外基质, 应力屏蔽

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Tendon is a special connective tissue that can transmit the force generated by the muscle to the bone through the enthesis. The occurrence of tendinopathy is closely related to the mechanical characteristics of tendon and enthesis and its micro-structure, but the specific mechanism still remains controversial.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the micro-structure of tendon and enthesis, the biomechanical characteristics of tendon, the healing and repair of tendon injuries, and the biomechanical factors related to chronic tendinopathy.

METHODS: CNKI, VIP, CBM, WanFang, PubMed and Embase databases were searched. The articles concerning micro-structure of tendon and enthesis, relationship between tendinopathy/enthesis and stress, and biomechanical mechanisms of tendinopathy/enthesis were selected.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The biomechanical properties of tendon and enthesis are closely related to their microstructures. The biomechanical properties of tendon are reduced due to the damage of their microstructures in the process of repair. The occurrence and development of chronic tendinopathy are related to the microstructures and biomechanical characteristics of enthesis. Compression load and stress shielding of enthesis may play a key role, but further high-quality studies on the specific mechanism are still required.

Key words: tendinopathy, enthesis, tidemark, microstructure, biomechanics, injury, extracellular matrix, stress shielding

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