中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (44): 6612-6619.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.44.011

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

有限元法分析多节段颈椎病4种颈前路修复方式的生物力学特点

李忠海,林 斌,唐家广,任东风,李 利,吴闻文,侯树勋   

  1. 解放军总医院第一附属医院骨科,全军骨科研究所,北京市骨科植入医疗器械工程技术研究中心,北京市 100048
  • 修回日期:2016-08-12 出版日期:2016-10-28 发布日期:2016-10-28
  • 作者简介:李忠海,男,1978年生,博士后,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    中国博士后科学基金特别资助(2015T81101);北京市自然科学基金(7152144)

Biomechanics characteristics of four anterior cervical reconstructive techniques in the surgical management of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a finite element model study

Li Zhong-hai, Lin Bin, Tang Jia-guang, Ren Dong-feng, Li Li, Wu Wen-wen, Hou Shu-xun   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Research Center of Orthopedic Implanted Equipment Engineering, Beijing 100048, China
  • Revised:2016-08-12 Online:2016-10-28 Published:2016-10-28
  • About author:Li Zhong-hai, M.D., Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Research Center of Orthopaedic Implanted Equipment Engineering, Beijing 100048, China
  • Supported by:

    the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China, No. 2015T81101; the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, No. 7152144

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
脊柱单元有限元模型:通过建立有限元模型能研究脊柱单元的活动度及脊柱内固定矫形后远期效果等,具有活体实验不具备的优势。模型建立过程中能够获取椎体和软组织的几何形态,对脊柱节段的各个机构赋予相应的生物力学属性,通过与体外力学实验结果进行对比,验证模型的有效性和准确性。
多节段颈椎病:指影像学上存在3个或3个以上节段连续或不连续的颈椎间盘退变(椎间盘变性、突出、脱出)及其继发性改变(椎体后缘骨质增生、骨赘形成、黄韧带肥厚内折)压迫硬膜囊和脊髓,并导致相应临床表现的一种颈椎病。其治疗方案包括非手术治疗及手术治疗(前路手术治疗、后路手术治疗以及前后路联合手术治疗),然而哪种治疗方案最好,目前仍然存在较多争议。
 
摘要
背景:多节段颈椎病因脊髓多严重受压,故多需手术去除压迫,但是对于选择何种前路修复方法最好,目前仍未达成共识。
目的:利用三维有限元模型对4种颈椎前路修复方式进行对比分析,分析其生物力学特点。
方法:基于健康成年男性C2-C7节段CT图像建立颈椎有限元模型。模拟4种颈椎前路修复方式分别建模,包括颈椎前路椎间盘切除融合、颈椎前路椎体次全切除融合、颈椎前路混合减压融合、颈椎前路间盘切除减压单纯Cage置入融合,计算C2/3、C6/7椎间盘以及钛板-螺钉界面应力变化情况。
结果与结论:①4种颈椎前路修复方式在前屈、后伸、侧屈、旋转工况下相邻节段的椎间盘应力均为C2/3节段大于C6/7节段,而且均是颈椎前路间盘切除减压单纯Cage置入融合组椎间盘应力最小,颈椎前路椎体次全切除融合组椎间盘应力最大;②钛板-螺钉界面应力颈椎前路椎体次全切除融合组最大,颈椎前路椎间盘切除融合组最小;③结果说明,在修复多节段颈椎病的4种颈前路融合内固定方式中,颈椎前路间盘切除减压单纯Cage置入融合对于相邻节段的生物力学影响最小,理论上可以降低邻近节段退变的发病率,但该方法存在增加融合器沉降的风险。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID:
0000-0003-4735-1193(李忠海)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 脊柱植入物, 多节段颈椎病, 颈椎前路融合术, 椎间盘切除, 椎体次全切除, 混合减压, 相邻节段退变, 有限元模型, 生物力学, 北京市自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment is commonly used for decompressing the spinal cord in multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy, but the optimum anterior cervical reconstructive method has not been determined.

OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the biomechanical characteristics of four anterior cervical reconstructive techniques in the surgical management of multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy utilizing the three-dimensional finite element model.
METHODS: A three-dimensional ?nite element model of an intact C2–7 segment was developed and validated based on healthy adult male CT images. Four additional models were developed from the fusion model, including anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion, anterior cervical hybrid decompression and fusion and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with Cage alone. Von Mises stresses on the plate and the disc of adjacent levels (C2/3, C6/7) were comparatively analyzed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The C2/3 disc stress in flexion, extension, lateral bending and rotation condition was significantly higher than the C6/7 disc in 4 anterior cervical reconstructive techniques, and the adjacent disc stress (C2/3, C6/7) was lowest in the anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with Cage alone, and highest in the anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion. (2) The stress at the plate-screw interface was highest in the anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion, and lowest in the anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. (3) In conclusion, among the four anterior cervical reconstructive techniques for multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy, the anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with Cage alone makes little effect on the adjacent disc stress, which might reduce the incidence of adjacent segment disease after fusion. However, the accompanying risk of the increased incidence of cage subsidence should never be neglected.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Diskectomy, Finite Element Analysis, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

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